journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999529/association-between-dental-scores-and-saliva-uremic-toxins
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire Rigothier, Sylvain Catros, Antoine Bénard, Johan Samot, Olivier Quintin, Christian Combe, Islam Larabi, Ziad Massy, Jean-Claude Alvarez
Dental health is frequently altered in patients with chronic kidney disease. We conducted a prospective study on dental health in CKD patients with a specific interest in the association between dental health issues and the accumulation of uremic toxins in the saliva. A total of 88 patients were included in the study, with chronic kidney disease stage 2 to 5 (without kidney replacement). We analysed the total concentrations of eight uremic toxins (trimethylamine N-oxide -TMAO-, Indoxyl Sulfate, P-cresyl-sulfate, Indole 3-acetic acid, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid -CMPF-, Kynurenine, Hippuric acid and Phenylacetylglutamine) and three precursors of uremic toxins (Tyrosine, Phenylalanine and Tryptophan) in the saliva using LC-MS/MS...
November 20, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999528/a-digital-twin-lake-framework-for-monitoring-and-management-of-harmful-algal-blooms
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yinguo Qiu, Hao Liu, Jiaxin Liu, Dexin Li, Chengzhao Liu, Weixin Liu, Jindi Wang, Yaqin Jiao
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by lake eutrophication and climate change have become one of the most serious problems for the global water environment. Timely and comprehensive data on HABs are essential for their scientific management, a need unmet by traditional methods. This study constructed a novel digital twin lake framework (DTLF) aiming to integrate, represent and analyze multi-source monitoring data on HABs and water quality, so as to support the prevention and control of HABs. In this framework, different from traditional research, browser-based front ends were used to execute the video-based HAB monitoring process, and real-time monitoring in the real sense was realized...
November 17, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999527/involvement-of-autophagy-and-oxidative-stress-mediated-dna-hypomethylation-in-transgenerational-nephrotoxicity-induced-in-rats-by-the-mycotoxin-fumonisin-b1
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nouf Aldawood, Sarah Almustafa, Saleh Alwasel, Waleed Aldahmash, Abir Ben Bacha, Abdullah Alamri, Mohammad Alanazi, Abdel Halim Harrath
Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides , is one of the most common pollutants in natural foods and agricultural crops. It can cause chronic and severe health issues in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the transgenerational effects of FB1 exposure on the structure and function of the kidneys in offspring. Virgin female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: group one (control) received sterile water, and groups two and three were intragastrically administered low (20 mg/kg) and high (50 mg/kg) doses of FB1, respectively, from day 6 of pregnancy until delivery...
November 17, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999526/an-assessment-of-potential-threats-to-human-health-from-algae-blooms-in-the-indian-river-lagoon-usa-2018-2021-unique-patterns-of-cytotoxicity-associated-with-toxins
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Esther A Guzmán, Tara A Peterson, Priscilla L Winder, Kirstie T Francis, Malcolm McFarland, Jill C Roberts, Jennifer Sandle, Amy E Wright
The Indian River Lagoon (IRL), a 156-mile-long estuary located on the eastern coast of Florida, experiences phytoplankton bloom events due to increased seasonal temperatures coupled with anthropogenic impacts. This study aimed to gather data on the toxicity to human cells and to identify secondary metabolites found in water samples collected in the IRL. Water samples from 20 sites of the IRL were collected during the wet and dry seasons over a three-year period. A panel of cell lines was used to test cytotoxicity...
November 17, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999525/lipopolysaccharides-of-brucella-suis-s2-impaired-the-process-of-decidualization-in-early-pregnancy-in-mice
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lanjie Lei, Xiangguo Wang, Jianpo Zhang, Jiaojiao Yin, Qin Xu, Ting Wang, Yaping Jin, Aihua Wang
Brucellosis is a notorious zoonotic disease caused by Brucella , which can lead to reproductive diseases in humans and animals, such as infertility and abortion. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main virulence factor of Brucella . LPS derived from Brucella are different and non-classical and are less toxic and less active than LPS isolated from E. coli. However, the effects and possible mechanisms of Brucella LPS-caused pregnancy loss remain to be revealed. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Brucella suis S2 LPS on early pregnancy loss in mice...
November 16, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999524/yessotoxins-in-mollusks-of-the-galician-coast-from-2014-to-2022-variability-biotransformation-and-resistance-to-alkaline-hydrolysis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Blanco, Ángeles Moroño, Fabiola Arévalo, Jorge Correa, Juan Pablo Lamas
The presence of yessotoxins (YTXs) was analyzed in 10,757 samples of Galician bivalves from 2014 to 2022. Only YTX and 45-OH YTX were found. YTX was detected in 31% of the samples, while 45-OH YTX was found in 11.6% of them. Among the samples containing YTX, 45-OH YTX was detected in 37.3% of cases. The maximum recorded levels were 1.4 and 0.16 mg of YTX-equivalentsg-1 , for YTX and 45-OH YTX, respectively, which are well below the regulatory limit of the European Union. The YTX and 45-OH YTX toxicities in the raw extracts and extracts subjected to alkaline hydrolysis were strongly and linearly related...
November 16, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999523/a-dynamic-and-pseudo-homogeneous-mbs-icelisa-for-the-early-detection-of-aflatoxin-b-1-in-food-and-feed
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Wei, Deyan Xu, Bei Yuan, Chengchen Pang, Haitao Xu, Kunying Nie, Qingqing Yang, Sibel A Ozkan, Yanyan Zhang, Yemin Guo, Xia Sun
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is one of the most toxic and harmful fungal toxins to humans and animals, and the fundamental way to prevent its entry into humans is to detect its presence in advance. In this paper, the monoclonal antibody mAbA2-2 was obtained via three-step sample amplification and multi-concentration standard detection using a subcloning method based on the limited dilution method with AFB1 as the target. A dynamic and pseucdo-homogeneous magnetic beads enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MBs-icELISA) was established using the prepared antibody as the recognition element and immunomagnetic beads as the antigen carrier...
November 16, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999522/cyanotoxin-analysis-of-air-samples-from-the-great-salt-lake
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James S Metcalf, Sandra Anne Banack, Paul Alan Cox
The Great Salt Lake in Utah is the largest saline lake in the Western hemisphere and one of the largest terminal lakes in the world. Situated at the eastern edge of the Great Basin, it is a remnant of the freshwater Lake Bonneville whose water level precipitously lowered about 12,000 years ago due to a natural break in Red Rock pass to the north. It contains a diverse assemblage of cyanobacteria which vary spatially dependent on salinity. In 1984, the waters of the Great Salt Lake occupied 8500 km2 . Nearly four decades later, the waters occupy 2500 km2 -a reduction in surface area of 71%...
November 15, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999521/knowledge-about-snake-venoms-and-toxins-from-colombia-a-systematic-review
#9
REVIEW
Jaime Andrés Pereañez, Lina María Preciado, Paola Rey-Suárez
Colombia encompasses three mountain ranges that divide the country into five natural regions: Andes, Pacific, Caribbean, Amazon, and Orinoquia. These regions offer an impressive range of climates, altitudes, and landscapes, which lead to a high snake biodiversity. Of the almost 300 snake species reported in Colombia, nearly 50 are categorized as venomous. This high diversity of species contrasts with the small number of studies to characterize their venom compositions and natural history in the different ecoregions...
November 15, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999520/characterizing-the-influence-of-a-heterotrophic-bicosoecid-flagellate-pseudobodo-sp-on-the-dinoflagellate-gambierdiscus-balechii
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaowan Liu, Yihan Ma, Jiajun Wu, Pengbin Wang, Yinuo Wang, Anli Wang, Qizhao Yin, Haiying Ma, Leo Lai Chan, Bin Wu
Microbial interactions including competition, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, and predation, which can be triggered by nutrient acquisition and chemical communication, are universal phenomena in the marine ecosystem. The interactions may influence the microbial population density, metabolism, and even their environmental functions. Herein, we investigated the interaction between a heterotrophic bicosoecid flagellate, Pseudobodo sp. (Bicoecea), and a dinoflagellate, Gambierdiscus balechii (Dinophyceae), which is a well-known ciguatera food poisoning (CFP) culprit...
November 14, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999519/structural-similarities-in-relation-with-the-cross-reactivity-of-hymenoptera-allergenic-dipeptidyl-peptidases-iv-an-overall-comparison-including-a-new-dipeptidyl-peptidase-iv-sequence-from-vespa-velutina
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafael I Monsalve, Manuel Lombardero, Lars H Christensen, Beatriz Núñez-Acevedo, David González-de-Olano, Miriam Sobrino-García, Rosita M Castillo-Loja, Susana B Bravo, Manuela Alonso-Sampedro, Carmen Vidal
(1) Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidases IV (DPPIVs), present in many organisms, are minor components in the venoms of Hymenoptera, where they have been identified as cross-reactive allergenic molecules. Considering that the structure of homologous DPPIVs is well characterized, we aimed to explain which regions have higher similarity among these proteins and present a comparison among them, including a new Vespa velutina DPPIV sequence. Moreover, two cases of sensitization to DPPIVs in wasp- and honeybee-sensitized patients are presented...
November 14, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999518/an-exploration-of-novel-bioactives-from-the-venomous-marine-annelid-glycera-alba
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sónia Campos, Ana P Rodrigo, Inês Moutinho Cabral, Vera M Mendes, Bruno Manadas, Mariaelena D'Ambrosio, Pedro M Costa
The immense biodiversity of marine invertebrates makes them high-value targets for the prospecting of novel bioactives. The present study investigated proteinaceous toxins secreted by the skin and proboscis of Glycera alba (Annelida: Polychaeta), whose congenerics G. tridactyla and G. dibranchiata are known to be venomous. Proteomics and bioinformatics enabled the detection of bioactive proteins that hold potential for biotechnological applications, including toxins like glycerotoxins (GLTx), which can interfere with neuromuscular calcium channels and therefore have value for the development of painkillers, for instance...
November 14, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999517/the-therapeutic-effect-of-botulinum-toxin-type-a-on-trigeminal-neuralgia-are-there-any-differences-between-type-1-versus-type-2-trigeminal-neuralgia
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Tereshko, Mariarosaria Valente, Enrico Belgrado, Chiara Dalla Torre, Simone Dal Bello, Giovanni Merlino, Gian Luigi Gigli, Christian Lettieri
BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin type A is an effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Moreover, its efficacy in type 2 trigeminal neuralgia and comparative studies between type 1 and type 2 trigeminal neuralgia (TN) still need to be improved. METHODS: We treated 40 TN patients with onabotulinumtoxinA; 18 had type 1 TN, and 22 had type 2 TN. We compared the baseline pain score with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and paroxysm frequency (number per week) at the baseline with those obtained at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups...
November 14, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999516/current-knowledge-of-individual-and-combined-toxicities-of-aflatoxin-b1-and-fumonisin-b1-in-vitro
#14
REVIEW
Xiangrong Chen, Mohamed F Abdallah, Xiangfeng Chen, Andreja Rajkovic
Mycotoxins are considered the most threating natural contaminants in food. Among these mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are the most prominent fungal metabolites that represent high food safety risks, due to their widespread co-occurrence in several food commodities, and their profound toxic effects on humans. Considering the ethical and more humane animal research, the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle has been promoted in the last few years. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the research studies conducted up to date on the toxicological effects that AFB1 and FB1 can induce on human health, through the examination of a selected number of in vitro studies...
November 13, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999515/characterization-of-fusarium-verticillioides-med1-lxxll-motif-involved-in-fumonisin-biosynthesis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zehua Zhou, Jie Liu, Jie Zhang, Huijuan Yan, Tuyong Yi, Won Bo Shim
The Med1 transcriptional coactivator is a crucial component of the Mediator middle complex, which regulates the expression of specific genes involved in cell development, differentiation, reproduction, and homeostasis. The Med1 LxxLL motif, a five-amino-acid peptide sequence, is essential for Med1-mediated gene expression. Our previous study revealed that the disruption of the Med1 subunit leads to a significant increase in fumonisin B1 (FB1 ) production in the maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides . However, our understanding of how Med1 regulates FB1 biosynthesis in F...
November 13, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999514/-lamium-album-flower-extracts-a-novel-approach-for-controlling-fusarium-growth-and-mycotoxin-biosynthesis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Monika Urbaniak, Łukasz Stępień, Anna Gramza-Michałowska, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
Lamium album is a medicinal flowering plant that is rich in bioactive compounds with various biological properties. Fusarium species, known for causing significant crop losses and mycotoxin contamination, pose threats to food safety and human health. While synthetic fungicides are commonly employed for fungal management, their environmental impact prompts the ongoing development of alternative methods. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L. album flower extracts in inhibiting the in vitro growth and biosynthesis of mycotoxins by Fusarium culmorum and F...
November 13, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999513/venomous-noodles-the-evolution-of-toxins-in-nemertea-through-positive-selection-and-gene-duplication
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Gonzalez Sonoda, Eric de Castro Tobaruela, Jon Norenburg, João Paulo Fabi, Sónia C S Andrade
Some, probably most and perhaps all, members of the phylum Nemertea are poisonous, documented so far from marine and benthic specimens. Although the toxicity of these animals has been long known, systematic studies on the characterization of toxins, mechanisms of toxicity, and toxin evolution for this group are scarce. Here, we present the first investigation of the molecular evolution of toxins in Nemertea. Using a proteo-transcriptomic approach, we described toxins in the body and poisonous mucus of the pilidiophoran Lineus sanguineus and the hoplonemertean Nemertopsis pamelaroeae ...
November 12, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999512/renocardiac-effects-of-p-cresyl-sulfate-administration-in-acute-kidney-injury-induced-by-unilateral-ischemia-and-reperfusion-injury-in-vivo
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Alexandre Falconi, Fernanda Fogaça-Ruiz, Jéssica Verônica da Silva, Raquel Silva Neres-Santos, Carmen Lucía Sanz, Lia Sumie Nakao, Andréa Emília Marques Stinghen, Carolina Victoria Cruz Junho, Marcela Sorelli Carneiro-Ramos
The precise mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular complications due to acute kidney injury (AKI) and the retention of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) remain incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the renocardiac effects of PCS administration in animals subjected to AKI induced by ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. C57BL6 mice were subjected to distinct protocols: (i) administration with PCS (20, 40, or 60 mg/L/day) for 15 days and (ii) AKI due to unilateral IR injury associated with PCS administration for 15 days...
November 10, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999511/preliminary-insights-of-brazilian-snake-venom-metalloproteomics
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruna Cavecci-Mendonça, Karen Monique Luciano, Tauane Vaccas, Laudicéia Alves de Oliveira, Eloisa Fornaro Clemente, Bruno Cesar Rossini, José Cavalcante Souza Vieira, Luciana Curtolo de Barros, Ilka Biondi, Pedro de Magalhães Padilha, Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos
Snakebite envenoming is one of the most significantly neglected tropical diseases in the world. The lack of diagnosis/prognosis methods for snakebite is one of our motivations to develop innovative technological solutions for Brazilian health. The objective of this work was to evaluate the protein and metallic ion composition of Crotalus durissus terrificus , Bothrops jararaca , B. alternatus , B. jararacussu , B. moojeni , B. pauloensis, and Lachesis muta muta snake venoms. Brazilian snake venoms were subjected to the shotgun proteomic approach using mass spectrometry, and metal ion analysis was performed by atomic spectrometry...
November 10, 2023: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999510/effects-of-the-toxic-non-protein-amino-acid-%C3%AE-methylamino-l-alanine-bmaa-on-intracellular-amino-acid-levels-in-neuroblastoma-cells
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake P Violi, Lisa Pu, Sercan Pravadali-Cekic, David P Bishop, Connor R Phillips, Kenneth J Rodgers
The cyanobacterial non-protein amino acid (AA) β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is considered to be a neurotoxin. BMAA caused histopathological changes in brains and spinal cords of primates consistent with some of those seen in early motor neuron disease; however, supplementation with L-serine protected against some of those changes. We examined the impact of BMAA on AA concentrations in human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Cells were treated with 1000 µM BMAA and intracellular free AA concentrations in treated and control cells were compared at six time-points over a 48 h culture period...
November 9, 2023: Toxins
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