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Journals Journal of Anthropological Sci...

Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37561595/mousterian-human-fossils-from-el-castillo-cave-puente-viesgo-cantabria-spain
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María Dolores Garralda, Adeline Le Cabec, José Manuel Maíllo Fernández, Bruno Maureille, Philipp Gunz, Ana Neira, Jean Jacques Hublin, Federico Bernaldo de Quirós
El Castillo cave is a well-known site because of its Paleolithic archaeology and parietal rock art. This paper is focused on the human remains found by V. Cabrera in the Mousterian Unit XX assigned to MIS 4 and early MIS 3. The fossils consist of one upper left second premolar (ULP4), one incomplete proximal hand phalanx, and one partial femoral head. The tooth and the phalanx were assigned to adults, whereas the femoral head belonged to an immature individual due to the absence of fusion traces to the metaphyseal surface...
August 9, 2023: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37543983/evaluation-of-age-sex-and-ancestry-related-variation-in-cortical-bone-and-dentine-volumes-in-modern-humans-and-a-preliminary-assessment-of-cortical-bone-dentine-covariation-in-later-homo
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathilde Augoyard, Clément Zanolli, Frédéric Santos, Anna C Oettlé, Ericka N L'Abbé, Mona Le Luyer, Marine Cazenave, Thomas Colard, Jakobus Hoffman, Antonio Profico, Priscilla Bayle
Cortical bone and dentine share similarities in their embryological origin, development, and genetic background. Few analyses have combined the study of cortical bone and dentine to quantify their covariation relative to endogenous and exogenous factors. However, knowing how these tissues relate in individuals is of great importance to decipher the factors acting on their evolution, and ultimately to understand the mechanisms responsible for the different patterns of tissue proportions shown in hominins. The aims of this study are to examine age-, sex-, and ancestry-related variation in cortical bone and dentine volumes, and to preliminary assess the possible covariation between these tissues in modern humans and in five composite Neandertals...
August 5, 2023: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37543984/history-of-the-name-pygmy-and-its-importance-for-the-pygmies-themselves
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fernando Ramirez Rozzi
Many people and organizations misunderstand the concept behind the name Pygmy. This misunderstanding leads them to misinterpretations and erroneous judgements about its use. This article goes back to the origin of the name in order to clarify the meaning that it has today, especially for the Pygmies themselves. The term 'pygmy' originated in ancient Greece where it was employed for a legendary people who, in Greek mythology, were engaged in an unceasing battle against cranes. Although the morphology of the pygmies described by the ancient Greeks cannot be fully characterized, the term 'pygmy' was used for centuries to refer to a population of small stature living close to the Nile...
August 2, 2023: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36587282/early-north-african-acheulean-techno-economic-systems-at-thomas-quarry-i-l1-casablanca-morocco
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosalia Gallotti, Jean-Paul Raynal, Abderrahim Mohib, Paul Fernandes, Lionel Magoga, Mohssine El Graoui, Mathieu Rué, Giovanni Muttoni, David Lefèvre
North Africa is a key area for understanding cultural processes that led to the Acheulean pan - African emergence and expressions and the related hominin population dynamics. Unfortunately, little is known about the early Acheulean in this vast area of the African continent due to the scarceness of archaeological sites in stratigraphic context with reliable chronometric data, human remains, and technological analyses of the lithic industries. Here, we present the first comprehensive techno-economic analysis of the early Acheulean assemblage from Thomas Quarry I - Unit L1 (ThI-L1, Casablanca, Morocco), which is the earliest Acheulean site of North Africa, unambiguously dated to 1...
January 1, 2023: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36511798/the-development-of-ideas-about-a-recent-african-origin-for-homo-sapiens
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chris Stringer
In this contribution I will review the development of ideas about a recent African origin for our species over the last 50 years, starting from the time of my PhD in the early 1970s. I will examine the instructive and quite different interpretations placed on the 1979 discovery of a partial Neanderthal skeleton associated with a Châtelperronian industry at the rock shelter of St-Césaire in France, and then focus on the crucial years from 1987-1989, including the so-called 'Human Revolution' conference of 1987, and my 1988 Science paper with Peter Andrews: 'Genetic and Fossil Evidence for the Origin of Modern Humans'...
December 30, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36264635/evolutionary-theory-systematics-and-the-study-of-human-origins
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian Tattersall
Paleoanthropology's relationship with evolutionary theory has not been entirely happy. The anatomists who dominated paleoanthropology for its first century had little interest in biological diversity and its causes, or in hominins' place in that diversity, or in the rules and principles of zoological nomenclature - which they basically ignored entirely. When, as the twentieth century passed its midpoint, Ernst Mayr introduced theory to paleoanthropology in the form of the gradualist Modern Evolutionary Synthesis (in its most hardened form), he shocked students of human evolution not only into a strictly linear evolutionary mindset, but into a taxonomic minimalism that would for years obscure the signal of phylogenetic diversity and vigorous evolutionary experimentation among hominins that was starting to emerge from a rapidly enlarging hominin fossil record...
December 30, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36576954/the-power-of-100
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanni Destro Bisol, Giorgio Manzi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 27, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36576953/ancient-genomic-research-from-broad-strokes-to-nuanced-reconstructions-of-the-past
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathrin Nägele, Maite Rivollat, He Yu, Ke Wang
Ancient DNA (aDNA) studies have deployed genetic material from archaeological contexts to investigate human dispersals and interactions, corroborating some longstanding hypotheses and revealing new aspects of human history. After drawing the broad genomic strokes of human history, geneticists have discovered the exciting possibilities of applying this method to answer questions on a smaller scale. This review provides an overview of the commonly used methods, both in the laboratory and the analyses, and summarizes the current state of genomic research...
December 27, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36576952/inspecting-human-evolution-from-a-cave-late-neanderthals-and-early-sapiens-at-grotta-di-fumane-present-state-and-outlook
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Peresani
Of the many critical phases of human evolution, one of the most investigated is the transition from the Middle to the Upper Palaeolithic with the pivotal bio-cultural substitution of Neanderthals by Homo sapiens in Western Eurasia. The complexity of this over ten thousands years phase raises from the ensemble of evidence ascribed to the diverse adaptations expressed by Neanderthals and the first representatives of our species. In countless archaeological records Neanderthals left clear traces of a cultural variability dotted with innovations in the technology of stone and bone tools, alongside with manifestations in the range of the symbolic sphere...
December 27, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36565458/the-evolution-form-and-function-of-the-human-respiratory-system
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus Bastir, Daniel Sanz-Prieto, José María López-Rey, Carlos A Palancar, Marta Gómez-Recio, Miguel López-Cano, José María González-Ruíz, Alejandro Pérez-Ramos, Manuel A Burgos, Benoit Beyer, Daniel García-Martínez
This paper presents an updated view on the morphological and functional significance of the human respiratory system in the context of human evolutionary anatomy. While usually the respiratory system is treated either from a craniofacial perspective, mostly in the context of nasal evolution and air-conditioning, or from a postcranial perspective featuring on overall thoracic shape changes, here we pursue a holistic perspective on the form, function, integration, and evolutionary change of the entire organismal system in hominins...
December 23, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36565457/the-future-of-the-eurasian-past-highlighting-plotholes-and-pillars-of-human-population-movements-in-the-late-pleistocene
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonardo Vallini, Luca Pagani
The major genetic divergences among non-Africans took place within a relatively short period of time, between 50 and 40 thousand years ago. These events shaped human diversity worldwide and set the basis for our current understanding of demographic history, patterns of adaptation and genetic burden across human populations. While the global picture appears already set, with the main human expansion Out of Africa inferred to have occurred between 60 and 70 thousand years ago and the main separation between contemporary East and West Eurasian to have taken place at around 40 thousand years ago, several finer details remain unresolved, including the whereabouts of such expansions and the dynamics of their interactions with archaic hominins and the interplay between environmental, cultural and demographic effectors...
December 23, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36565456/patterns-of-integration-and-modularity-in-the-primate-skeleton-a-review
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel
The question of how complex morphologies evolve, given constraints imposed by genetic, developmental and functional factors, has been a topic of inquiry for many decades. In the mid-twentieth century the study of morphological trait covariation, and the implications of this for evolutionary diversification, was developed under the general concept of "morphological integration". Given the polygenic inheritance model underlying quantitative skeletal traits, and the existence of differential pleiotropic effects, it is assumed that variation in the genotype to phenotype map will lead to the emergence of semi-autonomous "modules" that share relatively stronger covariance (integration) among traits within them...
December 23, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36511800/prehistory-neuroscience-and-evolutionary-anthropology-a-personal-journey
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emiliano Bruner
The relationship between anthropology and neuroscience has always been friendly but controversial, because they embrace inclusive common topics (human beings and their brains) although following distinct approaches, often more holistic and speculative in the former field, more reductionist and quantitative in the latter. In recent decades, novel disciplines have been proposed to bridge the gap between anthropology and neuroscience, mostly taking into account their common interest in human evolution. Paleoneurology deals with the study of brain anatomy in extinct species...
December 10, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36511799/from-the-alps-to-the-mediterranean-and-beyond-genetics-environment-culture-and-the-impossible-beauty-of-italy
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paolo Anagnostou, Francesco Montinaro, Marco Sazzini, Fabio Di Vincenzo, Giovanni Destro Bisol
Since prehistoric times, Italy has represented a bridge between peoples, genes and cultures. Its peculiar geographical position explains why: it is located in the center of the Mediterranean Sea, flanked by the Balkans and the Hellenic Peninsula to the east, Iberia to the west and surrounded by North Africa to the south and central Europe to the north. This makes Italy of extraordinary interest for the study of some different aspects of human diversity. Here we overview current knowledge regarding the relationships between the structure of the genetic variation of Italian populations and the geographical, ecological and cultural factors that have characterized their evolutionary history...
December 10, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36433881/the-linguistic-and-genetic-landscape-of-southern-africa
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne-Maria Fehn, Beatriz Amorim, Jorge Rocha
The present-day diversity of southern African populations was shaped by the confluence of three major pre-historic settlement layers associated with distinct linguistic strata: i) an early occupation by foragers speaking languages of the Kx'a and Tuu families; ii) a Late Stone Age migration of pre-Bantu pastoralists from eastern Africa associated with Khoe-Kwadi languages; iii) the Iron Age expansion of Bantu-speaking farmers from West-Central Africa who reached southern Africa from the western and eastern part of the continent...
November 19, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36103346/seasonal-resource-categorisation-and-behavioral-adaptation-among-chimpanzees-implications-for-early-hominin-carnivory
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James Clark, Gonzalo Linares-Matás
Seasonality plays a critical role in determining the yearly dietary variability of many nonhuman primates living in tropical and subtropical environments. Much previous research has emphasised the seasonal importance of both preferred resources-eaten whenever available-and fallback foods-eaten during periods of scarcity to compensate for an insufficient availability of preferred resources. However, previous discussions of this dichotomy have often overlooked why different populations of the same taxon may exhibit a different level of engagement with identical resources, especially those that require additional technological investment by virtue of being embedded...
September 14, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35920761/the-first-uses-of-colour-what-do-we-know
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Eugenia Rosso
Colour strongly shapes our perception of the world and plays a main role in the emergence of language and in the transmission of information. It has been shown that systematic use of ochre, along with other cultural traits that reflect cognitive complexity, disappear and reappear from the archaeological record, suggesting that cultural transmission follows discontinuous trajectories that to this day are unknown to us. Understanding when humans started using colour and how this feature evolved may therefore be instrumental to understand the evolutionary paths followed by members of our lineage towards cultural complexity...
August 1, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35830362/replying-to-urbani-youlatos-binnberg-2022
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Masseti
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 12, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35829728/alighieri-s-paradiso-archeoprimatology-and-the-blue-monkeys-of-thera-and-crete-a-comment-on-masseti-2021
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bernardo Urbani, Dionisios Youlatos, Julia Binnberg
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 12, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35652784/middle-and-upper-paleolithic-occupations-of-fumane-cave-italy-a-geoarchaeological-investigation-of-the-anthropogenic-features
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana Marcazzan, Christopher E Miller, Bertrand Ligouis, Rossella Duches, Nicholas J Conard, Marco Peresani
Here we present the results of a microcontextual analysis of purported combustion features recovered from Middle and Upper Paleolithic occupations at the cave site of Fumane, Italy. Our analyses, which integrate micromorphology with organic petrology, show that only a few of the features represent primary, intact hearths; some of them show evidence for various phases of anthropogenic reworking, either through trampling or sweeping and dumping. Several of the features are multi-layered and reflect a complex formation history of various activities related to combustion and site maintenance...
June 1, 2022: Journal of Anthropological Sciences : JASS
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