Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology

OBJECTIVE: Multiple minimally invasive techniques for chronic rhinitis treatment focus on posterior nasal nerve ablation. We analyzed the efficacy of cryotherapy and radiofrequency ablation in alleviating symptoms in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis patients. METHODS: We retrieved studies from PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database up to July 2023. The impact on quality of life and symptom ratings of rhinitis were evaluated and extracted...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Laryngeal ultrasonography has been suggested as an alternative diagnostic tool for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). The present study applied laryngeal ultrasonography (LUS) and quantitative laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) in female UVFP patients to investigate the pathophysiologic mechanisms of UVFP. STUDY DESIGN: prospective cohort study. METHODS: The vocal fold (VF) length parameters included resting and phonating VF length measured by B-mode LUS, and color Doppler vibrating length (CDVL) measured by color Doppler mode...

OBJECTIVES: Branchio-oto syndrome (BOS) mainly manifests as hearing loss, preauricular pits and branchial defects. EYA1 is the most common pathogenic gene, and splicing mutations account for a substantial proportion of cases. However, few studies have addressed the structural changes in the protein caused by splicing mutations and the potential pathogenic factors, and several studies have shown that middle-ear surgery is somewhat limited in improving hearing in these patients. BOS is also less frequently reported in the Chinese population...

Olfaction is one of the five basic human senses, and it is known to be one of the most primitive senses. The sense of olfaction may have been critical for human survival in prehistoric society, and although many believe its importance has diminished over time, its impact on human interaction, bonding, and propagation of the species remains. Even if we are unaware of it, the sense of smell greatly affects our lives. Sense of smell is closely related to overall quality of life and health. However, olfaction has been neglected from a scientific perspective compared to other senses...

BACKGROUND: There are several criteria to classify chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) as eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic. This study attempts to evaluate several criteria for defining eosinophilic CRSwNP from clinical and immunological perspectives. METHODS: A cohort of 84 patients (73 patients with CRSwNP and 11 control patients) was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic CRSwNP based on four different criteria: 1) eosinophils (EOS) accounting for more than 20% of the total inflammatory cells; 2) ≥70 EOS per high power field (HPF); 3) >55 EOS/HPF; and 4) ≥10 EOS/HPF...

OBJECTIVES: Acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) is thought to have a different etiology than idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. We hypothesized that endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear organ contributes to ALHL, even in patients without vertigo. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of EH in ALHL and to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with or without EH. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 38 patients diagnosed with ALHL without vertigo from January 2017 to March 2022...

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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the most effective treatment approach by comparing the impacts of various otolith reduction techniques in patients with apogeotropic lateral semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (LC-BPPV). METHODS: We performed a multicenter randomized prospective study from January to December 2015, involving 72 consecutive patients with apogeotropic LC-BPPV. The patients were divided into three treatment groups: therapeutic head-shaking (group A), the Gufoni-Appiani maneuver (group B), and the cupulolith repositioning maneuver (CuRM; group C)...

OBJECTIVES: Particulate matter (PM) is a risk factor for various diseases. Recent studies have established an association between otitis media (OM) and PM exposure. To confirm this relationship, we developed a novel exposure model designed to control the concentration of PM, and we observed the effects of PM exposure on the Eustachian tube (ET) and middle ear mucosa of rats. METHODS: Forty healthy, 10-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3-day, 7-day, 14-day exposure, and control groups (each, n=10)...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by upper airway obstruction during sleep. To reduce the morbidity of OSA, sleep specialists have explored various methods of managing the condition, including manifold positive airway pressure (PAP) techniques and surgical procedures. Nasal obstruction can cause significant discomfort during sleep, and it is likely that improving nasal obstruction would enhance the quality of life and PAP compliance of OSA patients. Many reliable studies have offered evidence to support this assumption...

Conventional surgery via a transcervical incision is indicated for treating certain tumors in the head and neck. However, it can cause multiple problems, including scars and cosmetic issues. The endoscope-assisted hairline approach, which replaces conventional surgical procedures, is increasing in use due to excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes. However, given its complex anatomical intricacy, the endoscope-assisted hairline technique is not commonly used for head and neck surgery. The hairline surgical approach evolved with changing disease conditions and recent innovations in surgical instruments...

OBJECTIVE.: To develop a new calculation model for calcium requirements in dialysis patients following parathyroidectomy. METHODS.: A total of 98 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism receiving parathyroidectomy from January 2014 to January 2022 were enrolled in this study. Among these patients, 78 patients were randomly selected for calcium requirements calculation model building and the remaining 20 patients for model validation. Calcium requirements model was developed for estimating the total calcium supplementation for one week after surgery using the variables with significant relationships in the derivation group by the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis...

OBJECTIVES.: Sigmoid sinus resurfacing (SS-R) is one of the most effective surgical treatments in patients with pulsatile tinnitus (PT) originating from anatomical variants of the vascular walls in temporal bone. This study aimed to update the clinical outcomes of SS-R and evaluate the efficacy of the water occlusion test (WOT) as an additional diagnosis modality. METHODS.: We retrospectively reviewed medical records including tinnitus questionnaires, temporal bone CT (TBCT) scans, audiologic tests, and preoperative WOT...

OBJECTIVES.: Various minimally invasive thyroidectomy. METHODS.: have been developed and actively used in several hospitals worldwide. Herein, we describe a newly developed minimally invasive thyroidectomy method that uses the da-Vinci SP and report the initial clinical. RESULTS.: of singleport robotic areolar thyroidectomy (SPRA). METHODS.: A 3 cm semi-circular incision on the right areola and an 8 mm small incision on the left areola were created...

OBJECTIVES: Ménière's disease (MD) is an idiopathic disorder that affects patients' hearing and the inner ear balance. Intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) is also considered an effective treatment for uncontrolled MD characterized by persistent vertigo attacks despite therapy. The video head impulse test (vHIT) and the skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) are both validated test to assess the vestibular function. A progressive linear relationship has also been described between the slow-phase velocity (SPV) of SVIN with a skull vibrator at 100 Hz and the gain difference (healthy ear/affected ear) measured in vHIT...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate predictors of the response to different duration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and lifestyle modification treatment for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). METHODS: Between October 2014 and June 2016, a prospective, multicenter, open-label, single-cohort, intention-to-treat, observational study at eight referral hospitals located in different regions across a nation was conducted to comprehensively evaluate predictors of the early and late response to treatment in adult patients (age≥19) with LPRD...

OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic tympanoplasty (ET) provides minimally invasive transcanal access to the middle ear and improves middle ear visibility for the treatment of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. However, the literature on surgical outcomes for large TM perforations is lacking and limited to small series. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefits of ET for large TM perforations. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at nine tertiary referral hospitals in South Korea, where 252 patients who underwent ET as primary surgery from September 2019 to August 2021 were included...

OBJECTIVES: To train participants to localize sound using virtual reality (VR) technology, appropriate auditory stimuli that contain accurate spatial cues are essential. The generic head-related transfer function (HRTF) that grounds the programmed spatial audio in VR does not reflect individual variation in monaural spatial cues, which is critical for auditory spatial perception in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD). As binaural difference cues are unavailable, auditory spatial perception is a typical problem in the SSD population that warrants intervention...

OBJECTIVES.: This study investigated the 8-year incidence and progression of hearing loss (HL) and its types and examined the risk factors for changes in HL. METHODS.: This longitudinal cohort study analyzed data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), an ongoing, prospective, community-based cohort study that has been conducted since 2001. Altogether, 1,890 residents of urban areas in Korea aged 45-75 years at time 1 (baseline) were included in the study...