Journal, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology

We isolated two novel bacterial strains, active against the environmental pollutant acetaminophen/Paracetamol®. Streptomyces chrestomyceticus (symbol RS2) and Flavofuscus (symbol M33) collected from El-Natrun Valley, Egypt-water, sediment, and sand samples, taxonomically characterized using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Genotypic identification, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis followed by BLAST alignment, were deposited on the NCBI as 2 novel strains https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OM665324  and https://www...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of tracking cases by using various methods such as the Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) which is a fast, simple, inexpensive, and accurate mass tracker. However, there have been no reports about the development of RT-LAMP primer designs that use genome sequences of viruses from Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to design an RT-LAMP primer using SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from Indonesia and several other countries representing five continents in the world, as well as genomes from five Variants of Concern (VOC)...

BACKGROUND: Lactobacillus delbrueckii was one of the most common milk lactic acid bacterial strains (LAB) which characterized as probiotic with many health influencing properties. RESULTS: Among seven isolates, KH1 isolate was the best producer of folic acid with 100 µg/ml after 48 h of incubation; FolE gene expression after 24 h of incubation was in the highest value in case of KH1 with three folds. Lactose was the best carbon source for this KH1, besides the best next isolates KH80 and KH98...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, farmers are facing a lot of problems for the disposal of banana pseudostem waste after the harvesting of banana. Banana pseudostem is a rich source of fiber, which is an alternative source of other natural and synthetic fibers. The banana fibers are biodegradable, and they are expected to be in great demand in the international market. For the textile industry, fibers were extracted using chemical and mechanical methods, but it leads to damage and affects the quality of fibers...

BACKGROUND: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) can bind and present the processed antigenic peptide derived from the vaccine to the T cell receptor, and this capability is crucial in determining the effectivity of the vaccine to terminate virus-infected cells, activate macrophages, and induce B cells to produce antibodies. A recombinant vaccine candidate based on protein L1 HPV45 was designed and analysed whether it is recognisable by T cells through the binding of their epitopes to HLAs. METHODS: The study consisted of two parts: part one was the analysis of the L1 recombinant protein binding to HLA-1 and 2 epitopes, whereas part two was the distribution analysis of HPV-linked HLA allele...

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen that poses a significant hazard to global health, causing a variety of infections including pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has increased the difficulty of conventional antibiotic treatment, highlighting the need for alternative therapies such as multi-epitope vaccines. In this study, immunoinformatics algorithms were used to identify potential vaccine candidates based on the extracellular immunogenic protein Pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC)...

BACKGROUND: As a white biotechnological trend, esterases are thought to be among the most active enzymes' classes in biocatalysis and synthesis of industrially importance organic compounds. Esterases are used in many applications such as the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, leather, textile, paper, food, dairy products, detergents, and treatment of some environmental pollutants. RESULTS: A poly-histidine moiety was added to the C-terminal end of the Geobacillus sp...

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BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus xylosus is a coagulase-negative, gram-positive coccus that is found in the environment and as a commensal organism on the skin and mucosal surfaces of animals. Despite the fact that S. xylosus is considered a nonpathogenic bacterium, several studies have linked S. xylosus to opportunistic infections in both animals and humans. During an investigation of mastitis-causing agents in the governorate of Basrah, Iraq, we identified an antibiotic-resistant strain of S...

BACKGROUND: Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are common RNA viruses responsible for respiratory tract infections. Human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV-3) is particularly pathogenic, causing severe illnesses with no effective vaccine or therapy available. RESULTS: The current study employed a systematic immunoinformatic/reverse vaccinology approach to design a multiple epitope-based peptide vaccine against HPIV-3 by analyzing the virus proteome. On the basis of a number of therapeutic features, all three stable and antigenic proteins with greater immunological relevance, namely matrix protein, hemagglutinin neuraminidase, and RNA-directed RNA polymerase L, were chosen for predicting and screening suitable T-cell and B-cell epitopes...

BACKGROUND: Plant probiotics bacteria are live microbes that promote soil health and plant growth and build the stress-tolerant capacity to the plants. They benefit the plants by increasing nutrient absorption and release of stress-related phytohormones. These plant probiotic bacteria serve a better purpose to the plant when compared to chemical fertilizers. Use of chemical fertilizers such as arsenic and cadmium can lead to soil acidification and even release of harmful gases such as methane which further pollutes the environment...

BACKGROUND: Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by several species of virus-infected mosquitoes endemic to tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. Earlier in the twentieth century, mass vaccination integrated with mosquito control was implemented to eradicate the yellow fever virus. However, regular outbreaks occur in these regions which pose a threat to travelers and residents of Africa and South America. There is no specific antiviral therapy, but there can be an effective peptide-based vaccine candidate to combat infection caused by the virus...

BACKGROUND: One thousand sixty-one individuals were sampled from the cities of Anbar, Baghdad, Basra, Diyala, Najaf, and Wasit in Iraq and typed for 15 forensic STRs to explore the genetic structure of Iraq and develop a forensic DNA database. The total number of alleles that were identified was 203. RESULT: Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) were then conducted Baghdad provides a good representation of the rest of the country, while Anbar is the most genetically distinct...

BACKGROUND: The bark of Casuarina equisetifolia contains several active phytoconstituents that are suitable for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). These nanoparticles were subsequently evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing the toxicity induced by Chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats. RESULTS: Various hematological and biochemical measurements were conducted in this study. In addition, markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions quantified in liver and brain tissues were evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Lipases have emerged as essential biocatalysts, having the ability to contribute to a wide range of industrial applications. Microbial lipases have garnered significant industrial attention due to their stability, selectivity, and broad substrate specificity. In the previous study, a unique lipolytic bacterium (Micrococcus luteus EMP48-D) was isolated from tempeh. It turns out the bacteria produce an acidic lipase, which is important in biodiesel production. Our main objectives were to clone the acidic lipase and investigate its potential in biodiesel production...

This article provides an overview of microbial host selection, synthetic biology, genome annotation, metabolic modeling, and computational methods for predicting gene essentiality for developing a microbial chassis. This article focuses on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a microbial chassis and strategies for genome annotation of the LAB genome. As a case study, Lactococcus lactis is chosen based on its well-established therapeutic applications such as probiotics and oral vaccine development. In this article, we have delineated the strategies for genome annotations of lactic acid bacteria...

BACKGROUND: World Health Organization recommend the use of malaria vaccine, Mosquirix, as a malaria prevention strategy. However, Mosquirix has failed to reduce the global burden of malaria because of its inefficacy. The Mosquirix vaccine's modest effectiveness against malaria, 36% among kids aged 5 to 17 months who need at least four doses, fails to aid malaria eradication. Therefore, highly effective and efficacious malaria vaccines are required. The well-characterized P. falciparum circumsporozoite surface protein can be used to discover adjuvants that can increase the efficacy of Mosquirix...

BACKGROUND: The worldwide increase in human population and environmental damage has put immense pressure on the overall global crop production making it inadequate to feed the entire population. Therefore, the need for sustainable and environment-friendly practices to enhance agricultural productivity is a pressing priority. Endophytic bacteria with plant growth-promoting ability and biocontrol activity can strongly enhance plant growth under changing environmental biotic and abiotic conditions...

Vaccination is a crucial tool in preventing influenza, but it requires annual updates in vaccine composition due to the ever-changing nature of the flu virus. While healthcare and economic burdens have reduced, the virus remains a challenge. Research conducted over the past decade has revealed pathways for improvement through both basic and clinical studies. Viral surveillance plays a vital role in the better selection of candidate viruses for vaccines and the early detection of drug-resistant strains.This page offers a description of future vaccine developments and an overview of current vaccine options...

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis caused by B. melitensis is one of the most important common diseases between humans and livestock. Currently, live attenuated vaccines are used for this disease, which causes many problems, and unfortunately, there is no effective vaccine for human brucellosis. The aim of our research was to design a recombinant vaccine containing potential immunogenic epitopes against B. melitensis. METHODS: In this study, using immunoinformatics approaches, 3 antigens Omp31, Omp25, and Omp28 were identified and the amino acid sequence of the selected antigens was determined in NCBI...