Clinical Respiratory Journal

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma is a special type of lung cancer. Its imaging manifestations are diverse, which brings challenges to clinical diagnosis. However, its formation mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to analyse the relevant mechanisms of the formation of pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma by observing its different imaging and pathological manifestations. DATA AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis was conducted on imaging manifestations and pathological data of 103 patients with pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma confirmed intraoperatively or pathologically...

BACKGROUND: Lung Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with a poor prognosis, mainly seen in elderly men. To date, we have found no studies on predictive models for LCNEC. METHODS: We extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of confirmed LCNEC from 2010 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors, and then we constructed a novel nomogram and assessed the predictive effectiveness by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA)...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that loss of the EGFR T790M gene mutation may contribute to the development of resistance to Osimertinib in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). AIMS: This study aims to assess the relationship between the clinical effectiveness of Osimertinib in NSCLC patients and the T790M mutation status following resistance to Osimertinib and examine differences between plasma and tissue tests and between Asian and non-Asian groups...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitors can improve the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with KRAS mutations; however, there is a lack of comparisons between treatment regimens associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, and our study aims to compare several treatment parties to find a more effective treatment regimen. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to identify relevant studies...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) combined with computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy (CT-PNB) or radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS-TBLB) for pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC). METHODS: Clinical data of 33 patients diagnosed with PC at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between February 2018 and June 2023 were retrospectively analysed...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the radiological, pathological, and prognostic characteristics of large consolidative-type pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMA). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 738 patients who confirmed IMA between January 2010 and August 2022, and two radiologists reviewed imaging data to determine subtypes. We included 41 patients with pathologically large consolidative-type IMA. We analyzed their radiological, pathological, and prognostic characteristics...

INTRODUCTION: Pleural effusions are known to occur in many cases of COVID-19. Data on typical characteristics of COVID-19-associated pleural effusions are limited. The goal of this project was to characterize the pleural fluid from patients with COVID-19. METHODS: We retrospectively collected electronic medical record data from adults hospitalized at a large metropolitan hospital system with COVID-19 infection who had a pleural effusion and a thoracentesis performed...

INTRODUCTION: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are significant contributors to the burden of acute respiratory infections in children, but data on hMPV from Southeast Asia are limited despite its potential for serious disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcomes between hMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included children aged ≤12 years old hospitalised with hMPV or RSV, confirmed via direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) methods, between 1 July to 30 October 2022 at Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Malaysia...

INTRODUCTION: Ambrisentan is a selective type A endothelin receptor antagonist that has shown significant effectiveness and safety in the management of patients with pulmonary hypertension. Its use pattern with real-world evidence in Colombia is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the prescription patterns of ambrisentan in some cities of Colombia. METHODS: A longitudinal descriptive study on the prescription patterns of ambrisentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension (all the groups) was conducted between January 2021 and December 2022 based on a population database of members of the Colombian Health System...

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare paraneoplastic neurological syndrome of the neuromuscular transmission. The symptoms often progress slowly and can be misdiagnosed in early stage. Seropositive SOX-1 antibodies are support for the diagnosis of LEMS and have high specificity for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In this paper, we report a case of a 56-year-old man with smoking history who was admitted to hospital with progressive muscle weakness of the proximal legs. LEMS was diagnosed by repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) testing and seropositive SOX-1 antibodies...

Histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive haematopoietic malignancy accounting for less than 1% of haematolymphoid neoplasms with a diagnosis based on morphology and immunophenotype of tissue biopsies with a very poor prognosis. Here, we report a 45-year-old man who was diagnosed with primary pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma with systemic metastases, with partial remission (PR) treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy, but it relapsed soon after therapy above. Tests demonstrated that TMB was 21 Muts/Mb PD-L1 expression was 90% positive, and the disease has been well-controlled over 3 years using immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab and pembrolizumab)...

Pulmonary scedosporiosis is a rare pulmonary infection that often presents with nonspecific symptoms and radiological findings. In this report, we present a case of localized pulmonary scedosporiosis in an immunocompetent patient and analyze a total of 25 immunocompetent patients with pulmonary scedosporiosis. Through this case and the literature, we highlight the importance of considering pulmonary scedosporiosis in patients with nonspecific clinical symptoms and radiological findings resembling aspergilloma...

PURPOSE: To observe the inhibitory effect of the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor apatinib on small cell lung cancer in vitro and vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three small lung cancer cells were selected CCK-8 and monoclonal assay was used to determine the effect of apatinib on proliferation. The effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL. We observed the inhibitory effect of different doses of apatinib on xenograft tumor...

INTRODUCTION: Whether airway-compromised airway-esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed...

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is combinations of clinical probability assessments, plasma D-dimer (DD) test results, and/or computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the appropriate DD cutoff using the immunoturbidimetric method in outpatients and inpatients. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 2689 patients with suspected PE between January 2014 and December 2019...

INTRODUCTION: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive lung cancer variant known for its elevated risk of brain metastases (BM). While earlier meta-analyses supported the use of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) to reduce BM incidence and enhance overall survival, modern MRI capabilities raise questions about PCI's universal benefit for limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) patients. As a response, we have created a predictive model for BM, aiming to identify low-risk individuals who may not require PCI...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to observe the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects of metformin on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. METHODS: Mice with BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis were treated with pirfenidone, metformin, pirfenidone plus metformin and the NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI). Pathological changes and hydroxyproline (HPO) levels were examined in the lung tissue of mice with pulmonary fibrosis...

INTRODUCTION: Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor of Acinetobacter baumannii. Here, we examined the biofilm formation of archived A. baumannii causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). METHODS: Eighteen and twenty isolates of A. baumannii causing bacteremic pneumonia and non-bacteremic pneumonia were included, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution method, while biofilm formation was evaluated by microtiter dish biofilm formation assay...

INTRODUCTION: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is frequently used in pulmonary medicine though it requires further optimization. Practical obstacles such as patient safety and procedural limitation have to date precluded large, controlled trials aimed at standardization of BAL procedure. Indeed, BAL guidelines are based on observational data. Innovative research methods are necessary to advance the clinical practice of BAL. METHODS: In our study, we evaluated the effect of injecting a gelatinized barium solution into different lobes and segments of cadaveric lungs...

OBJECTIVE: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) occupies 85% of lung cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) can regulate the radiosensitivity of cancers. This study explored the mechanism of lncRNA TRERNA1 in the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. METHODS: LncRNA TRERNA1 level in NSCLC cell lines was determined. NSCLC cell radiation tolerance was measured. TRERNA1 expression was silenced or overexpressed in A549/HCC827 cells with the highest/lowest radiation tolerance, respectively...