Journal of Ultrasound

PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the usefulness of sural nerve ultrasonography in diagnosing diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN), the latter of which is a common long-term complication for diabetic patients that frequently involves the sural nerve. METHODOLOGY: A meta-analysis of the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of sural nerves in healthy individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus based on a total of 32 ultrasonographic-based studies from 2015 to 2023 was performed...

Page's kidney is a condition that occurs due to external renal compression, usually caused by a subcapsular haematoma, generating a renal compartmental syndrome with parenchymal damage and renal perfusion alteration. Classically associated with renal trauma, Page's kidney can also arise after invasive renal procedures, such as renal biopsies or percutaneous nephrostomies. Clinically, it can trigger hypertension due to activation of the renin-angiotensin system induced by hypoperfusion secondary to renal parenchymal compression and can also present with varying degrees of renal function impairment...

Choriocarcinoma of the ovary is a rare, highly malignant tumor showing malignant trophoblastic cells and produces human chorionic gonadotropins. It can be classified as gestational and non-gestational choriocarcinoma. Non-gestational choriocarcinoma is extremely rare. Treatment is Methotrexate-based chemotherapy for the gestational type. This case study is a rare case of ovarian choriocarcinoma managed by surgical resection, followed by methotrexate-based chemotherapy, and aimed to evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of ovarian choriocarcinoma and how to arrive at the diagnosis...

Bowel obstruction (BO) in children has a wide differential diagnosis, ranging from non-urgent conditions to surgical emergencies. Abdominal radiographs are most often used as the first imaging modality for the evaluation of obstruction. However, for some indications, ultrasound can be the primary imaging modality. Therefore, it is incumbent on radiologists to recognize the types of bowel obstruction that can be recognized with US. Key sonographic features of BO include differential dilation of bowel loops, bowel wall thickening, and free fluid...

Malignant melanoma is a common and often aggressive neoplasm of the skin arising from melanocytes. Metastatic melanoma is known for its diverse clinical manifestations, and can present with atypical features prior to diagnosis of the primary lesion, which can pose a diagnostic challenge. We report a rare case of metastatic melanoma in a 67 year-old male who presented with a painless, enlarging mass in the right axilla over a 4 week period. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed a well-defined solitary, cystic appearing lesion in the right axilla with a distinct fluid-fluid level...

The objective of the study was to compare measurements of length, thickness, and cross-section area (CSA) of the patellar tendon (PT) among cyclists, runners, triathletes, and physically active individuals (control group). Forty healthy individuals (10 cyclists, 10 runners, 10 triathletes, and 10 physically active individuals) aged between 18 and 45 years (30.3 ± 8.6 years) participated in the study. PT was measured by a B-mode ultrasound system. To measure the length and thickness (in 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm of the PT length) the probe was positioned parallel to the tendon and to measure the CSA the probe was positioned perpendicularly in 25, 50, and 75% of the PT length...

Ectopic liver (EL) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of a mass composed of hepatic tissue localized in a different anatomical location with no connection to the native liver. Usually an incidental finding, EL can rarely cause symptoms such as abdominal pain due to torsion, intraperitoneal bleeding, compression, obstruction, or neoplastic transformation, both benign and malignant. EL is often suspected after instrumental investigations such as ultrasound, CT and MRI, however a definitive diagnosis is necessarily bioptic...

PURPOSE: To assess whether Ultrasound guided dry needling is adequate for both common extensor tendon tears and tendinosis or whether ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma (PRP) has a superior outcome when compared to dry needling when there are tears of the common extensor tendon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a single-centre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial conducted between November 2018 and April 2020. 40 patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis based on clinical and sonographic features and having comparable baseline characteristics were randomly assigned to the two study groups (dry needling and PRP)...

AIMS: While hormonal assays are commonly used for thyroid function assessment, Doppler sonography provides valuable information on vascularization and blood flow. This study aimed to examine the potential associations between Doppler parameters and clinical characteristics of hypothyroid patients, such as the autoimmune nature of the disease and adequacy of LT4 replacement. METHODS: A total of 338 patients with hypothyroidism, primarily caused by autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), were enrolled in this study...

BACKGROUND: Point-of-care-ultrasound (POCUS) improves diagnostic accuracy and expedites lifesaving procedures. Remote areas disproportionately underuse ultrasound (US) due to a dearth of US trained professionals, imaging tools, and lack of quality assurance. Handheld US probes have been approved for diagnostic imaging but there have been limited studies examining their tele-guidance features. This study investigates whether physician tele-guidance improved ultrasound image acquisition by untrained scanners...

RATIONAL AND OBJECTIVES: To increase utilization of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) during ultrasound-guided targeted liver biopsies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two educational training interventions performed to increase use of CEUS. First, 14 radiologists (fellowship-trained in Abdominal Imaging) given didactic teaching and case presentations on the use of CEUS. Second, hands-on teaching on how to use CEUS provided to the same group. To determine the efficacy of these two interventions, radiologists completed anonymous surveys to determine the level of understanding and acceptability of using CEUS before and 6 months after CEUS training...

BACKGROUND: A biloma refers to an abnormal, well-defined accumulation of bile outside the biliary tree within the abdomen, which can be either intra- or extra-hepatic in nature. It can result from traumatic or iatrogenic causes, leading to a disruption in the biliary system. Without prompt diagnosis and appropriate management, it can result in significant morbidity and mortality. While magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is the typical diagnostic method, there are instances where it may not provide conclusive results...

PURPOSE: Graphene-polymer nanocomposites significantly impact dental filler and antibacterial applications. The study aims to overcome some problems dental filers present and improve their properties and antibacterial activity. Synthesis graphene oxide (GO) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were used to reinforce two types of commercial hybrid/nano-dental fillings. METHODS: Developed acoustic-solution-sonication-casting methods were applied to fabricate the new graphene-polymer-dental filler nanocomposites...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate a novel posterior intra-articular hip injection approach while discussing the clinical pearls for methodology, accuracy, and associated adverse events. The goal was to investigate if this approach could potentially be used in those where the typical anterior access would be challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 adults (age > 18 years) who were referred to a tertiary outpatient clinic for hip injection due to hip osteoarthritis or femoral acetabular impingement with labral tearing to a single academic sports medicine clinic...

Tuberculosis (TB), an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, accounts for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While primary TB predominantly involves the respiratory system, approximately 10-19% patients have musculoskeletal involvement. We present a case of a 54-year-old year gentleman with insidious onset of anterior knee pain. Imaging demonstrated a soft tissue lesion involving the patellar tendon and eroding the inferior pole of the patella. The imaging features, particularly ultrasound, resembled those that are typically seen with gout...

PURPOSE: Surgery of deep-seated brain tumors can be challenging. Several methods have been described to facilitate transcortical approaches, including ultrasound-assisted resection. Ultrasound-guided placement of a standard ventricular catheter is a widely reported technique and has been used to approach these lesions via the transcortical route. We describe how we usually perform this useful technique to assist and enhance the transcortical resection of some deep-seated brain tumors...

PURPOSE: Colonic pseudopolyps are a frequent finding in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Yet there are no published data describing the characteristics of pseudopolyposis in intestinal ultrasound (IUS). This study aimed at identifying the key features of pseudopolyposis in IUS. METHODS: This case-control study included 12 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's colitis with extensive left colon pseudopolyposis and 18 matched IBD patients without pseudopolyps at colonoscopy...

PURPOSE: Despite progressive implementation of image-guided point-shear wave elastography (pSWE) in guidelines as an alternative to transient elastography for the staging of fibrotic liver disease, pSWE is not widely adopted in clinical workflow. More information on reliability and validity of pSWE systems is needed. Therefore, we performed a phantom study to evaluate the validity and reliability of pSWE with ultrasound systems. METHODS: Validity and reliability of pSWE measurements from three ultrasound systems were evaluated...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the reliability and stability of ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) values obtained by two measuring methods and different measuring times. METHODS: Patients who underwent liver UGAP examinations in our hospital from September 2022 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data and UGAP measurements results were collected. Two different measuring methods: static single-frame multi-point measuring and dynamic multi-frame single-point measuring, were performed for each patient, and 10 UGAP values of each measuring method were recorded...