Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

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OBJECTIVE: Global prevalence of obesity has continued to rise and poses public health concerns. Current anti-obesity medications are mainly focused on suppressing appetite. Thermogenic fat cells that increase energy expenditure may be a promising alternative target to combat obesity. Our study aims to investigate the effects of aerobic, resistance, and high-intensity interval training on thermogenic gene expression in white adipose tissue in high fat diet induced obese mice. METHODS: Fifty 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were initially divided into control group and high fat diet group for obesity induction...

BACKGROUND: Considering the lack of a standardized definition for weight recurrence (WR), the prevalence and predictors of WR remain inconsistent. METHODS: The prospective study was conducted on 1939 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery;66.8% underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG), 33.2%, underwent gastric bypass (GB)[of them 87% one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and 13% Rue and Y gastric bypass (RYGB)]. During a follow-up of 72 months, the prevalence of WR ranged from 13...

AIMS: To assess the long-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes in patients with obesity who have undergone gastric bypass surgery compared to non-operated patients with obesity and the general population. METHODS: This study included 71,495 patients aged 20-65 years with a principal diagnosis of obesity in the Swedish Patient Register in 2001-2013. Of these, 23,099 had undergone gastric bypass and 32,435 had not. Each patient was matched by age, sex and geographic region with two controls from the general population without obesity diagnosis, i...

BACKGROUND: Weight bias toward people with obesity (PwO) is common in healthcare settings. Efforts to address weight bias in healthcare settings should begin during university studies. This study aimed to explore the effect of a multifaceted intervention on weight bias among undergraduate healthcare students. METHODS: An open label randomized controlled trial. The intervention tool consisted of short video lectures on obesity, vignettes simulating interactions between health professionals and PwO, and open discourse with a PwO...

AIM: Obesity is a metabolic complication linked with bad eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, and the heart is one of the target organs damaged by it. Estrogen deficiency during menopause worsens the situation. Calorie restriction (CR) can contribute to reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal conditions. Thus, the effects of CR on inflammation and apoptosis in ovariectomized rats' hearts with obesity were studied. METHOD: Female Wistar rats were categorized into Sham and OVX (ovariectomized) groups and received a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (60%HFD) or calorie restriction (30% CR) for 16 weeks...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the structural validity of the Universal Measures of Bias - Fat (UMB Fat) among Malaysian healthcare practitioners using Rasch analysis. METHODS: Data from a cross-sectional survey of 268 public and private doctors and allied health practitioners in Peninsular Malaysia were used for this analysis. Using Rasch analysis, overall model fit and item fit of the summary UMB Fat and domain scores were examined, together with unidimensionality, response threshold ordering, internal consistency, measurement invariance, and item targeting...

BACKGROUND: Despite Telemedicine being considered by most patients as the preferred follow-up method, bariatric surgery programs that include virtual consults still exhibit high attrition rates. This study analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of telemedicine in a single-center bariatric surgery program. METHODS: We developed a 5-minute, 10-question online survey via Qualtrics and examined the results between 108 patients under telehealth visits by the bariatric team at the University of Illinois at Chicago from August to November 2022...

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has been suggested as a safe and effective way to treat obesity by facilitating weight loss, but factors that predict the likelihood of bariatric surgery are unknown. The objective of this study was to describe factors associated with individuals with obesity that influence their decision to undergo bariatric surgery. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional study and participants were recruited via a survey link posted on the Obesity Action Coalition website...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) is involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological activities in the body, such as metabolism and energy uptake, and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2) is one of these receptors that is predominantly distributed in the periphery. β-caryophyllene (BCP) is an agonist of CNR2 which is known to possess pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether BCP possesses pharmacological effects on obese mice and its mechanism...

Hospitals are facing difficulties in predicting, evaluating, and managing cost-affecting parameters in patient treatments. Inaccurate cost prediction leads to a deficit in operational revenue. This study aims to determine the ability of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to predict the cost of care in bariatric and metabolic surgery and develop a predictive tool for improved cost analysis. 602 patients who underwent bariatric and metabolic surgery at Wetzikon hospital from 2013 to 2019 were included in the study...

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for kidney disease, and tubular damage can play a pivotal role in the development of obesity-related kidney damage. This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological pathways involved in the development of non-albumin proteinuria (NAP), a marker of tubular involvement, in a cohort of subjects with severe obesity and preserved kidney function. METHODS: A total of 106 subjects with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 in waiting list for bariatric surgery underwent blood chemistry analysis including metabolic and lipid profile, vascular tests for cardiovascular risk stratification and a comprehensive assessment of kidney function, including renal resistive index (RRI) and NAP measurement...

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Rat diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation (DIO/DIMD) is widely used as a pre-clinical model for human obesity and for testing weight-loss interventions. The aim of this review was to utilise a systematic literature survey of rat DIO/DIMD studies as a tool to document trends around study design and metabolic outcomes of these studies, and to consider ways in which the design of these studies may be improved to enhance the relevance thereof for human obesity research. In total, 110 comparisons between control and obesogenic dietary groups were included in the survey...

BACKGROUND: Restrictions implemented by governments during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected people's eating habits and physical activity. We investigated the effect of COVID-19 lockdowns and restrictions on body mass index (BMI) and weight in a UK population, according to BMI class, sex, age and ethnicity. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink AURUM database. Baseline spanned from 22 March 2017-22 March 2020, and the follow-up lockdown period was from 23 March 2020 (start of the lockdown in the UK) to 13 March 2021...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of waist circumference and metabolic dysfunction in the risk of cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to compare this to individuals without T2D. METHODS: Individuals with (n = 1925) and without T2D (n = 10,204) were included from the UCC-SMART cohort. Incident cancer diagnoses were obtained by linkage with the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Metabolic dysfunction was defined as ≥ 3 adapted NCEP ATP-III metabolic syndrome criteria...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the associations between obesity parameters and the risk of hyperuricemia among Korean adults by sex, age, and diabetes mellitus status. METHODS: This study analyzed data from 17,753 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2018. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and general and abdominal obesity with the risk of hyperuricemia (serum uric acid ≥7...

Orlistat, an anti-obesity agent, inhibits the metabolism and absorption of dietary fat by inactivating pancreatic lipase in the gut. The effect of orlistat on the gut microbiota of Japanese individuals with obesity is unknown. This study aimed to explore the effects of orlistat on the gut microbiota and fatty acid metabolism of Japanese individuals with obesity. Fourteen subjects with visceral fat obesity (waist circumference ≥85 cm) took orlistat orally at a dose of 60 mg, 3 times a day for 8 weeks...

OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a major global health issue, resulting in significant costs and increased mortality rates. Finding effective treatments for obesity is therefore essential. This study investigated the combined effects of L-Carnitine (LC) and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on weight loss and adipose tissue microRNA levels. SUBJECTS /METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g and about 8 weeks old were fed either a normal fat diet (NFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks...