Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention

PURPOSE: Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) have long been advised to avoid exercise in fear of deterioration in right-sided heart function. Since the 2009 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, rehabilitation in expert centers is considered to have a specific role in care of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We report routine rehabilitation effects in patients with PH as a component of real-life multimodal treatment...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to quantify secondary prevention care by creating a secondary prevention benchmark (2PBM) score for patients undergoing ambulatory cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: In this observational cohort study, 472 consecutive ACS patients who completed the ambulatory CR program between 2017 and 2019 were included. Benchmarks for secondary prevention medication and clinical and lifestyle targets were predefined and combined in the comprehensive 2PBM score with maximum 10 points...

PURPOSE: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in heart failure (HF). Chronic kidney disease often worsens the prognosis and impairs the management of patients with HF. Chronic kidney disease is frequently accompanied by sarcopenia, which limits the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of CR on cardiorespiratory fitness in HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) according to the CKD stage. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study including 567 consecutive patients with HFrEF, who underwent a 4-wk CR program, and who were evaluated by cardiorespiratory exercise test before and after the program...

PURPOSE: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly in younger women without classic cardiac risk factors. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is considered to be particularly stressful; however, few studies have quantified SCAD survivor stress levels. This study compared anxiety, depression, and distress levels in SCAD and non-SCAD AMI patients. METHOD: A sample of 162 AMI (35 [22%] SCAD) patients was recruited from hospitals and via social media, in Australia and the United States...

PURPOSE: Maximal heart rate (HRmax) continues to be an important measure of adequate effort during an exercise test. The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of HRmax prediction using a machine learning (ML) approach. METHODS: We used a sample from the Fitness Registry of the Importance of Exercise National Database, which included 17 325 apparently healthy individuals (81% males) who performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test. Two standard formulas for HRmax prediction were tested: Formula1 = 220 - age (yr), root-mean-squared error (RMSE) 21...

INTRODUCTION: Despite extensive research on the effect of supervised exercise therapy on walking performance in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD), it remains unclear which training modality provides the greatest improvement in walking capacity. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different types of supervised exercise therapy on walking capacity in individuals with symptomatic PAD. METHODS: A random-effect network meta-analysis was performed...

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PURPOSE: The hemodynamic gain index (HGI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are parameters assessed during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX). The association between the HGI and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is uncertain. We evaluated the association between the HGI and CVD mortality risk using a prospective study. METHODS: The HGI was calculated using heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured in 1634 men aged 42-61 yr during CPX, using the formula: [(HRpeak× SBPpeak) - (HRrest × SBPrest)]/(HRrest × SBPrest)...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive reference values for oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) in healthy adults. International heterogeneity was also explored through published databases. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) from a Brazilian healthy adult sample, in which absolute OUES and values normalized by weight and body surface area (BSA) were calculated. Data were stratified by sex and age group...

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PURPOSE: Executive function (ExF), the ability to do complex cognitive tasks like planning and refraining from impulsive behavior, is associated with compliance with medical recommendations. The present study identified associations between self-reported ExF and demographics of patients with cardiac disease as well as with cardiac rehabilitation (CR) attendance. METHODS: Self-reported ExF impairment was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) on 316 individuals hospitalized for CR-qualifying cardiac events...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to show that with remote and virtual cardiac rehabilitation (CR) care models rapidly emerging, CR core components must be maintained to prioritize safety and effectiveness. Currently, there is a paucity of data on medical disruptions in phase 2 center-based CR (cCR). This study aimed to characterize the frequency and types of unplanned medical disruptions. METHODS: We reviewed 5038 consecutive sessions from 251 patients enrolled in cCR program from October 2018 to September 2021...

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PURPOSE: This review overviews and highlights arterial stiffening as a key physiological process and target for the prevention and/or lowering of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease (collectively CVD) risk. METHODS: We identified nutraceutical approaches from randomized controlled trials and discussed the associated mechanisms by which these compounds lower age-related arterial stiffness. Age-related CVD are the leading cause of mortality in modernized societies...

PURPOSE: Cardiac rehabilitation is a prescribed exercise intervention that reduces cardiovascular mortality, secondary events, and hospitalizations. Hybrid cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) is an alternative method that overcomes barriers to participation, such as travel distance and transportation issues. To date, comparisons of HBCR and traditional cardiac rehabilitation (TCR) are limited to randomized controlled trials, which may influence outcomes due to supervision associated with clinical research...

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PURPOSE: Pulmonary rehabilitation is a behavioral modification intervention shown to improve exercise tolerance and patient-reported quality of life in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Home-based rehabilitation may provide easier access for those who struggle to complete center-based rehabilitation programs due to increased symptom burden or frailty. METHODS: We present the quantitative and qualitative findings of a pilot study of 21 patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease who participated in a 12-wk home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program with activity monitoring and health coaching...