Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part D, Genomics & Proteomics

As an invasive alien animal, Pomacea canaliculata poses a great danger to the ecology and human beings. Recently, there has been a gradual shift towards bio-friendly control. Based on the development of RNA interference and CRISPR technology as molecular regulatory techniques for pest control, it was determined if the knockout of genes related to sex differentiation in P. canaliculata could induce sterility, thereby helping in population control. However, the knowledge of sex differentiation- and development-related genes in P...

Oxygen is essential to fuel aerobic metabolism. Some species evolved mechanisms to tolerate periods of severe hypoxia and even anoxia in their environment. Among them, goldfish (Carassius auratus) are unique, in that they do not enter a comatose state under severely hypoxic conditions. There is thus significant interest in the field of comparative physiology to uncover the mechanistic basis underlying hypoxia tolerance in goldfish, with a particular focus on the brain. Taking advantage of the recently published and annotated goldfish genome, we profile the transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under normoxic (21 kPa oxygen saturation) and, following gradual reduction, constant hypoxic conditions after 1 and 4 weeks (2...

Although polarized light can assist many animals in performing special visual tasks, current polarized light pollution (PLP) caused by urban construction has been shown to induce maladaptive behaviors of PL-sensitive animals and change ecological interactions. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous work hypothesized that linearly polarized light (LPL) is an ecological trap for Oratosquilla oratoria, a common Stomatopoda species in the China Sea. Here we explored the underlying negative effects of artificially LPL on O...

Under global warming, heat stress can induce the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, causing irreversible damage to aquatic animals. It is essential to predict potentially harmful impacts on aquatic organisms under heat stress. Eriocheir sinensis, a typical crustacean crab, is widely distributed in China, American and Europe. Parent E. sinensis need migrate to the estuaries to reproduce in winter, and temperature is a key environmental factor. Herein, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analysis in the hepatopancreas of E...

Black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) is an important marine aquaculture species in China. It is an ideal object for the cultivation of low-salinity aquaculture strains in marine fish and the study of salinity tolerance mechanisms in fish because of its strong low-salinity tolerance ability. Gill is the main osmoregulatory organ in fish, and the liver plays an important role in the adaptation of the organism to stressful environments. In order to understand the coping mechanisms of the gills and livers of black porgy in different salinity environments, this study explored these organs after 30 days of culture in hypoosmotic (0...

Environmental stresses play critical roles in the physiology of crustaceans. Food deprivation is an important environmental factor and a regular occurrence in both natural aquatic habitats and artificial ponds. However, the underlying physiological response mechanisms to starvation-caused stress in crustaceans are yet to be established. In the present study, the hepatopancreas tissue of Macrobrachium nipponense was transcriptome analyzed and examined for starvation effects on oxidative stress, DNA damage, autophagy, and apoptosis across four fasting stages (0 (control group), 7, 14, and 21 days)...

The Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a high-valued economic farming species. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, cumulative large-scale transcriptomic studies have been revealing molecular landscape of various biological conditions including genetic selection, breeding, evolution, disease landscape, etc. However, no single experiment or databases allow thorough investigations of transcriptomic dynamics for these progressions. Meanwhile, the available datasets are often scattered and lack management...

In this study, we investigate the mortality of the clam Meretrix petechialis facing a vibrio challenge under different temperatures and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our experiment distinctly revealed that clam mortality was predominantly observed under high temperature, highlighting the critical impact of thermal stress on clam susceptibility to infection. Using RNA-seq, we further compared the global transcriptional response to vibrio in clam gills between high and low temperatures. Compared to other groups, the differentially expressed genes in vibrio-challenged group at high temperature associated with immunity, oxidative stress, and membrane transport...

As ectothermic invertebrates, mollusks are regarded as good environmental indicator species for determining the adverse effects of climate change on marine organisms. In the present study, the effects of cold stress on the tissue structure, antioxidant activity, and expression levels of genes were evaluated in the warm-water noble scallop Chlamys nobilis by simulating natural seawater cooled down during winter from 17 °C to 14 °C, 12 °C, 10 °C, and 9 °C. Firstly, the gill was severely damaged at 10 °C and 9 °C, indicating that it could be used as a visually indicative organ for monitoring cold stress...

Methylosome protein 50 (Mep50) functions as a partner to protein arginine methyltransferase 5. MEP50 serves as a coactivator for both the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor in humans. Mep50 plays a crucial role in the development of germ cells in Drosophila. The precise role of Mep50 in oogenesis remains unclear in vertebrates. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of Mep50 in oogenesis in medaka fish. Disruption of Mep50 resulted in impaired oogenesis and the formation of multiple oocyte follicles in medaka...

Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley is the most detrimental pest to litchi and longan in China. Adult eclosion, locomotion, mating and oviposition of C. sinensis usually occur at night, regulated by a circadian rhythm. Nevertheless, our understanding of the linkages between adult circadian rhythms and clock genes remains inadequate. To address this gap, transcriptomic analysis was conducted on female and male heads (including antennae) of C. sinensis using the Illumina HiSeq 6000 platform to identify major circadian clock-related genes...

Transcriptome sequencing has offered immense opportunities to study non-model organisms. Abalone is an important marine mollusk that encounters harsh environmental conditions in its natural habitat and under aquaculture conditions; hence, research that increases molecular information to understand abalone physiology and stress response is noteworthy. Accordingly, the study used transcriptome sequencing of the gill tissues of abalone exposed to low salinity stress. The aim is to explore some enriched pathways during salinity stress and the crosstalk and functions of the genes involved in the candidate biological processes for future further analysis of their expression patterns...

Atherigona orientalis Schiner (1868) is an acknowledged agricultural pest owing to its feeding habits and breeding locations. This insect is a tropical and subtropical pest in fruits and vegetables, in which >50 varieties of fruits and vegetables in 26 families, such as Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum, and Cucumis melo have been attacked. Moreover, A. orientalis may also develop in rotten crops and feces or insect carcasses, which are also considered one kind of sanitary pest and medical insect...

Edwardsiella tarda (Et) is a zoonotic gram-negative pathogen with a diverse host range, including fish. However, the in-depth molecular mechanisms underlying the response of Labeo rohita (rohu) kidney to Et are poorly understood. A proteomic and histopathological analysis was performed for the rohu kidney after Et infection. The histopathology of the infected rohu kidney showed vacuolation and necrosis. After LC-MS/MS analysis, ~1240 proteins were identified with ≥2 unique peptides. A total of 96 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were observed between the control and Et infected group (ET)...

Antarctic notothenioid fishes, inhabiting the oxygen-rich Southern Ocean, possess a polyglutamine and glutamic acid (poly Q/E) insertion mutation in the master transcriptional regulator of oxygen homeostasis, hypoxia- inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). To determine if this mutation impairs the ability of HIF-1 to regulate gene expression in response to hypoxia, we exposed Notothenia coriiceps, with a poly Q/E insertion mutation in HIF-1α that is 9 amino acids long, to hypoxia (2.3 mg L-1 O2 ) or normoxia (10 mg L -1 O2 ) for 12 h...

This study compares the skin structures of Rana kukunoris with two different skin colors living in the same area of Haibei in the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The skin thickness of the khaki R. kukunoris was significantly greater than that of the brown R. kukunoris (P < 0.01), and significantly more mucous and granular glands were present on the dorsal skin of the khaki frog (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the melanocytes on the dorsal skin of the brown frog were significantly larger than those on the khaki one (P < 0...

Outside of scientific circles, climate change is a hotly debated topic due to all its consequences. Changes in the temperature can affect aquatic organisms and it is important to understand and to detect earlier signals. This study aimed to analyze how a Neotropical fish species responds to temperature increases, using proteomic analysis as a tool. For this, fish of the species Rhamdia quelen, male and female, were exposed to two temperatures: 25 °C and 30 °C. After 96 h, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized and the liver was collected for proteomic analysis...

This study explored the role of myo-inositol in alleviating the low salinity stress of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Juvenile shrimp (0.4 ± 0.02 g) in low salinity (salinity 3) water were fed diets with myo-inositol levels of 0, 272, 518, 1020 and 1950 mg/kg (crude protein is 36.82 %, crude lipid is 7.58 %), fed shrimp in seawater at a salinity of 25 were fed a 0 mg/kg myo-inositol diet as a control (Ctrl). The experiment was carried out in tanks (50 L) with satiety feeding, and the experiment lasted for 6 weeks...

Tegillarca granosa can survive intermittent hypoxia for a long-term. We used the clam T. granosa as model to investigate the respiratory, antioxidant and metabolic responses to consecutive hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) stress at both physiological and transcriptional levels. The results showed that the clams were able to rapidly regulate oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion during H/R stress, and alleviate oxidative stress during the second-time challenge. The clams also efficiently balanced energy metabolism through the rapid conversion and decomposition of glycogen...

In recent years, members of the Dmrt family, TGF-β superfamily and Sox family have been recognized as crucial genes for sex determination/differentiation across diverse animal species. Nevertheless, knowledge regarding the abundance and potential functions of these genes in abalone remains limited. In this study, a total of 5, 10, and 7 members of the Dmrt family, the TGF-β superfamily and the Sox family, respectively, were identified in the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Sequence characteristics, phylogenetic relationships and spatiotemporal expression profiles of these genes were investigated...