Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Drug Targets

AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the aerial parts of Rhamnus alaternus L. have been widely used in Mediterranean countries, including Morocco, to cure diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract (RAAE) in normal and diabetic rats...

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is distinguished by ventricular chamber expansion, systolic dysfunction, and normal left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, and is mainly caused due to genetic or environmental factors; however, its aetiology is undetermined in the majority of patients. The focus of this work is on pathogenesis, small animal models, as well as the herbal medicinal approach, and the most recent advances in imaging modalities for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Several small animal models have been proposed over the last few years to mimic various pathomechanisms that contribute to dilated cardiomyopathy...

β-thalassaemia is a genetic disorder resulting in a reduction or absence of β-globin gene expression. Due to the high prevalence of β-thalassaemia and the lack of available treatment other than blood transfusion and haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, the disease represents a considerable burden to clinical and economic systems. Foetal haemoglobin has an appreciated ameliorating effect in β-haemoglobinopathy, as the γ-globin chain substitutes the β-globin chain reduction by pairing with the excess α-globin chain in β-thalassaemia and reduces sickling in sickle cell disease (SCD)...

INTRODUCTION: There is a high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM), however; until now, the exact mechanisms behind VTE in MM are unknown, and some of the elements that may play a significant role are the treatment with an immunomodulator (IMiD) and acquired resistance to activated protein C (APC). OBJECTIVE: The study aims to reveal the possible mechanisms linked to the reduced antithrombotic activity of APC associated with thalidomide...

BACKGROUND: Plant and their active phytoproducts have been used in modern medicine and playing an important role in the health sectors since a very early age. Human beings need a considerable amount of these plant-based phytochemicals for their health. The flavonoidal class phytochemical is an important class of natural products in modern healthcare because of their different pharmacological activities and health benefits. Flavonoidal class phytochemicals have been used to treat diabetes and related secondary complications in humans...

Calcium homeostasis is regulated by the dyad of parathyroid hormone and calcitriol, whereas kidney, intestine, and bone are the primary target sites. Elevation of serum calcium levels and hypercalcemia are likely markers of pathological conditions, particularly malignancy and hyperparathyroidism. Similarly, several dysfunctions within the body can direct hypercalcemia. Furthermore, chemicals and drugs can also drive this condition. Owing to the significant role of the kidney in calcium homeostasis, renal abnormalities lead to hypercalcemia and increased calcium levels can have pathological effects on the kidney...

AIMS: The aim of the study was to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of L-Tartaric acid. BACKGROUND: L-Tartaric acid is a natural product with possible beneficial effects on health. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects of L-Tartaric acid (L-TA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the first model, the effects of L-TA (10 and 40 mg/kg) on diabetes conditions induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats were investigated...

INTRODUCTION: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is known to be associated with significant arrhythmia and consequent mortality. QT prolongation is a risk factor for arrhythmia in STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association of corrected QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd), T-wave peak to end (TPE), and fragmented QRS with mortality in these patients. METHODS: Eligible patients with the characteristic symptoms of STEMI who underwent PPCI were included...

BACKGROUND: The Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) is the preferred therapeutic strategy for patients who experienced ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the association of hematological indices, including hemoglobin level, platelets, White Blood Cells (WBCs) count, and MPV before PPCI with the TIMI grade flow after PPCI. METHODS: STEMI patients who experienced PPCI were included in the present retrospective crosssectional study...

AIMS: The study aimed to evaluate the glucose-lowering effect of Tetraclinis articulata. BACKGROUND: Tetraclinis articulata is commonly used for the treatment of diabetes characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Tetraclinis articulata (T. articulata) aqueous extract (TAAE) on glycaemia and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, its acute toxicity, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant capacity were assessed...

PURPOSE: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is currently the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Morbidity after ACS includes physical and mental disorders affecting the patient's whole life situation and Quality of Life (QoL). The main aim of the study was to assess QoL and depression among post-ACS patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 112 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this study...

AIMS: The study aimed to assess the antidiabetic effect of Salvia tingitana (S. tingitana). BACKGROUND: S. tingitana is an aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of S. tingitana revealed the existence of terpenoids and flavonoids. In addition, S. tingitana possesses antimicrobial activity. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to obtain information about the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant abilities of S...

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are characterized by hyperproliferation of B cells as a result of solid organ or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Based on histological findings, it is divided into 4 categories. Most PTLD patients are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive. Additionally, aggressive immunosuppressive therapies can also lead to PTLD. Reducing immunosuppressive regimes, antivirals, monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are available therapeutic options, depending on the nature and phase of the disease...

BACKGROUND: Reactivation of HbF is a potential strategy to ameliorate symptoms of hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell disease and b-thalassemia. After birth, there is a switch from fetal to adult hemoglobin, for which the molecular mechanisms and key regulators await further understanding in order to develop effective methods for HbF reactivation. BCL11A, one of the major HbF reactivation regulators, demonstrates no significant changes at transcriptional levels in F erythroblasts compared to the non-HbF expressing cells...

AIMS: The aim of the study was to assess the antihypertensive activity of Rumex vesicarius. BACKGROUND: The genus Rumex (sorrel, Polygonaceae), containing approximately 200 species, is distributed worldwide (African, European, Asian, and American countries). It is widely used in traditional medicine as analgesic, diuretic, antispasmodic, and antihypertensive plants. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the possible antihypertensive vasorelaxant capacity and effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) of the aqueous extract of Rumex vesicarius (R...

AIMS OF THE STUDY: The present work aimed to assess the antihyperglycemic and antohyperlipidemic effects ofMoricandia suffruticosa. BACKGROUND: Moricandia suffruticosa (M. suffruticosa) is used in traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects of M. suffruticosa and its effect on glycogen content in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats. METHODS: The effect of the aqueous extract of M...

INTRODUCTION: Parotid swellings are commonly encountered in ENT Clinics, the cause of which could range from neural conditions, endocrine problems, vitamin deficiencies, and sialadenitis, which may even be a manifestation of an underlying systemic disease. Multiple myeloma represents a clonal proliferation of plasma cells and is a condition in which a parotid swelling might be present, although very uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 60-year-old female presented with unilateral parotid swelling, which led to a diagnosis of multiple myeloma based on the investigations...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and heart failure are known risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality outcomes. Beta-blocker is one of the drugs of choice to treat these conditions. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between pre-admission beta-blocker use and COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS: PubMed and Europe PMC were used as the database for our search strategy by using combined keywords related to our aims until December 10th, 2020...

BACKGROUND: Haematological manifestations in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been uncommon since the advent of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs). However, primary HCV disease can cause significant haematological disease in the form of various autoimmune cytopenias. CASE PRESENTATION: We herein discuss a 68-years-old female with chronic HCV infection for the last 15 years (not on the treatment), presented with complaints of progressive fatigue, exertional dyspnea, and increased abdominal distention over the previous 20 days...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A better identification of the role of vitamin D in the thrombotic process of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) will help increase the therapeutic options for this important clinical condition. There is little published evidence that 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels can associate with platelet function and risk of thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 200 patients with a diagnosis of ACS, including patients with unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)...