Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Statin drugs have long been used as a key component of lipid-lowering therapy, which is necessary for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Many studies focus on finding and refining new effects of statin drugs. In addition to the main lipid-lowering effect (blocking cholesterol synthesis), statin drugs have a number of pleiotropic effects, including negative effects. The main beneficial effects of statin drugs on the components of the cardiovascular system are: anti-ischemic, antithrombotic, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, endothelioprotective, anti-inflammatory properties, and a number of other beneficial effects...

BACKGROUND: Thrombotic disease is still a major killer. Aspirin, Ticagrelor, Clopidogrel, etc. are the most widely used conventional antiplatelet drugs. The significant number of patients who are resistant to this drug shows a poor outcome. OBJECTIVE: Developing a new antiplatelet agent with a stable antiplatelet effect and minimal bleeding risk is required for a patient who is resistant to antiplatelet drugs. METHOD: Protein-ligand docking was performed using Autodock Vina 1...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic cardiomyopathy has emerged as a major cause of cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure due to uncontrolled glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment to prevent or treat the cardiac burden associated with diabetes, which urges the development of dual antidiabetic and cardioprotective cardiac therapy based on natural products. This study investigates the cardiotoxic profile of glucose and the efficacy of AGE against glucose-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes...

OBJECTIVE: Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) contains four major aqueous active ingredients, which have been isolated, purified and identified as danshensu (DSS), salvianolic acid A (Sal-A), salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) and protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL), A mixture of these four ingredients is called SABP. Although aqueous extract from Salvia Miltiorrhiza has been traditionally used to treat cardiovascular diseases, the efficacy and function of the optimal ratio of SABP in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases remain unknown...

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BACKGROUND: Digoxin poisoning commonly occurs in people treated with digoxin. It has been suggested that treatment with dantrolene may be a suitable strategy for digoxin-induced cardiotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of dantrolene on digoxin-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats. METHODS: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (Ethical number: IR...

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathophysiology is mediated by systemic, intraplaque myocardial inflammatory processes that occur mainly due to coronary artery thrombosis in an atherosclerotic plaque area. The G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (Ccr6) is displayed on the surface of many types of leukocytes, that have been found in atherosclerotic plaques. It is a novel mediator of inflammation and immune response. OBJECTIVES: To determine CCR6 lymphocyte expression in AMI patients and its association with disease severity using the Gensini scoring system...

Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is an increasing concern and it is critical to avoid heart dysfunction induced by medications used in various cancers. Dysregulated cardiomyocyte homeostasis is a critical phenomenon of drug-induced cardiotoxicity, which hinders the cardiac tissue's natural physiological function. Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is responsible for various heart disorders such as myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and arrhythmia, among others. Chronic cardiac stress due to drug toxicity restricts the usage of cancer medications...

AIMS: The study aimed to investigate the effect of Euphorbia cheiradenia on blood pressure. BACKGROUND: Euphorbia cheiradenia is a medicinal plant with several medicinal properties. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to study the vasorelaxant and antihypertensive capacity of the aqueous extract of Euphorbia cheiradenia (E. cheiradenia), and to evaluate its effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). METHODS: The antihypertensive ability of aerial parts of the aqueous extract of E...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIMS: The aim of the study was to investigate the antihypertensive effect of L-Tartaric acid. BACKGROUND: L-Tartaric acid (L-TA) is a well-known weak organic acid that naturally occurs in a wide range of fruits, most notably in grapes, tamarind, and citrus. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to assess the effect of acute and subchronic administration of L-TA on blood pressure parameters in normotensive and hypertensive rats as well as its vasorelaxant potency...

BACKGROUND: The lack of a substantial breakthrough in the treatment of diabetes, a global issue, has led to an ongoing quest for herbs that contain bioactive elements with hypoglycemic properties. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential protective effect of Nigella sativa seeds ethanol extract and its active ingredient, thymoquinone, on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: To induce diabetes, the male Wistar rats were administered an intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dosage of 90mg/kg body weight in 0...

AIMS: The present work aimed to assess the antihypertensive activity of Salvia aucheri. BACKGROUND: Salvia aucheri (S. aucheri) is an aromatic and medicinal herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In Morocco, this plant is locally used for used to treat stomach, digestive disorders, rheumatism, and hypertension. Nevertheless, the effect of Salvia aucheri on hypertension has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the beneficial effect of the aqueous extract of S...

BACKGROUND: Ammodaucus leucotrichusis a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including hypertension. AIMS: The study aimed to determine the antihypertensive activity of Ammodaucus leucotrichus. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities of the aqueous extract of Ammodaucus leucotrichus fruits (ALAE) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ALAE was prepared to study its antihypertensive effect in L-NAME (Nω-L-arginine methyl ester)-induced hypertensive rats and its vasorelaxant activity in isolated thoracic aortas of rats...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with haematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well as those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The purpose of our study was to record the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of bacteremias, focusing on pathogens, as well as risk factors and mortality rates in patients of a pediatric hematology-oncology unit from Northern Greece. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted, which included all positive blood cultures from pediatric hematology oncology patients aged from 1 to 16 years old admitted to the Pediatric and Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit of AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki between January 2014 and December 2018...

BACKGROUND: Human factor XIIa (FXIIa) is a plasma serine protease that plays a significant role in several physiological and pathological processes. Animal models have revealed an important contribution of FXIIa to thromboembolic diseases. Remarkably, animals and patients with FXII deficiency appear to have normal hemostasis. Thus, FXIIa inhibition may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy to attain safer and effective anticoagulation. Very few small molecule inhibitors of FXIIa have been reported...

Aged garlic extract (AGE) is an odorless derivative of garlic prepared by extracting garlic cloves in aqueous solution for twenty months. During the process of aging, reactive organosulfur compounds such as allicin present in garlic are converted to their stable isoforms such as S- Allyl cysteine. The unstable organosulfurs in garlic (Allium sativum L.) have been reported to cause problems in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with extremely pungent odor to attain its therapeutic potential. But these pharmacologically safer sulfur compounds of AGE have been studied and reported to have an exceptional therapeutic potential in human health and various diseases...

Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy results from asymmetric septal hypertrophy which eventually obstructs the outflow of the left ventricle. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is linked to mutations in genes that encode for sarcomere proteins including actin, &#946:myosin heavy chain, titin, and troponin. The mutations lead to structural abnormalities in myocytes and myofibrils causing conduction irregularities and abnormal force generation. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a chronic disease that worsens over time and patients become at higher risk to develop atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke...

Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy were the four basic kinds of cancer treatment until recently. Immuno-oncology (IO), or the cancer cells were damaged by engaging the body's of their own self immune system, has emerged and explained as a unique and crucial method to different cancers and their treatment over the last decade. The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency both advanced approvals of this newly recognised way of treating cancer in 2020. Within IO, different therapeutic classes have arisen, which are the subject of this same article...

AIMS: The work aimed to study the antihypertensive ability of Haloxylon Scoparium. BACKGROUND: Haloxylon Scoparium Pomel is used to treat various diseases including hypertension. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of Haloxylon scoparium (H. scoparium) in hypertensive rats, and to evaluate its probable vasorelaxant activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aqueous extract of Haloxylon scoparium (AEHS) was prepared and used to investigate its antihypertensive ability in L-NAME(Nω-L-arginine methyl ester)-induced hypertensive rats, and its vasorelaxant activity was studied on the isolated thoracic aorta of rats...