Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

BACKGROUND: Femoral neck is one of the high-risk areas for benign tumors and tumor-like lesions. Small range of lesions may also lead to pathological fracture, femoral head necrosis and other serious problems. PURPOSE: To investigate a new minimally invasive surgical approach to resect femoral head and neck lesions in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 20 patients with femoral neck and femoral head lesions from February 2019 to March 2023 in our hospital...

BACKGROUND: For knee osteoarthritis patients, analyzing alignment of lower limbs is essential for therapy, which is currently measured from standing long-leg radiographs of anteroposterior X-ray (LLR) manually. To address the time wasting, poor reproducibility and inconvenience of use caused by existing methods, we present an automated measurement model in portable devices for assessing knee alignment from LLRs. METHOD: We created a model and trained it with 837 conforming LLRs, and tested it using 204 LLRs without duplicates in a portable device...

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in structural and functional damage to the spinal cord, which may lead to loss of limb movement and sensation, loss of bowel and bladder control, and other complications. Previous studies have revealed the critical influence of trans-acting transcription factor 1 (SP1) in neurological pathologies, however, its role and mechanism in SCI have not been fully studied. METHODS: The study was performed using mouse microglia BV2 stimulated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and male adult mice subjected to spinal hitting...

BACKGROUND: Internal and external fixation are common surgical procedures for treating fractures. However, the impact of different surgical approaches (including internal and external fixations) on patients' psychological status and Quality of Life (QoL) is rarely examined. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of internal and external fixation on anxiety, depression, insomnia, and overall mental and physical health in Distal Radius Fractures (DRF) patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 96 fracture patients who underwent internal fixation (57 patients) or external fixation (39 patients)...

BACKGROUND: Pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) is an emerging regional anesthesia technique for hip surgery. However, its efficacy in total hip arthroplasty (THA) isn't well defined. We perform this meta-analysis aiming to assess the effect of Pericapsular nerve group block on pain control and morphine consumption in patients with total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: We searched four electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science dated from 2018 to October 2023) for published eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PENG with placebo (no block/sham block) after THA...

BACKGROUND: Medial patellar ligament reconstruction (MPFL-R) in combination with derotational distal femoral osteotomy (DDFO) for treating recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) in the presence of increased femoral anteversion is one of the most commonly used surgical techniques in the current clinical practice. However, there are limited studies on the clinical outcomes of MPFL-R in combination with DDFO to treat RPD in the presence of increased femoral anteversion. PURPOSE: To study the role of MPFL-R in combination with DDFO in the treatment of RPD in the presence of increased femoral anteversion...

OBJECTIVE: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the standard procedure for the treatment of cervical spinal stenosis (CSS), but complications such as adjacent segment degeneration can seriously affect the long-term efficacy. Currently, posterior endoscopic surgery has been increasingly used in the clinical treatment of CSS. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of single-segment CSS patients who underwent full endoscopic laminotomy decompression or ACDF...

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BACKGROUND: To compare the histopathological results of biceps tenodesis (BT) performed with normal, low, and high pressures for superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) in rabbits with massive rotator cuff tears. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups. Rabbits 1-10 underwent SCR with BT at the same pressure (Group 1), value measured in the groove; 50% lower (Group 2); 50% higher (Group 3). After the 4-week follow-up, shoulder were en-bloc excised and histopathological evaluation was performed with modified Bonar's scale...

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of two surgical procedures, autologous patellar tendon graft reconstruction and trans-tibial plateau pull-out repair, using a pig model. The primary focus was to assess the repair capability of medial meniscus posterior portion (MMPP) deficiency, the overall structural integrity of the meniscus, and protection of the femoral and tibial cartilage between the two surgical groups. The overall aim was to provide experimental guidelines for clinical research using these findings...

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff (RC) tears are a common cause of shoulder dysfunction and pain, posing significant challenges for orthopedic surgeons. Grafts have been proposed as a solution to augment or bridge torn tendons, but optimal clinical outcomes are not always achieved due to poor graft integration, suboptimal mechanical properties, and immunological reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical, CT and histological results of RC reconstruction using an intrasynovial tendon autograft, in a chronic large tear subscapularis rabbit model...

OBJECTIVES: Knee synovial abnormalities, potentially treatment targets for knee pain and osteoarthritis, are common in middle-aged and older population, but its etiology remains unclear. We examined the associations between hyperuricemia and knee synovial abnormalities detected by ultrasound in a general population sample. METHODS: Participants aged ≥ 50 years were from a community-based observational study. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum urate (SU) level > 416 µmol/L in men and > 357 µmol/L in women...

BACKGROUND: Concomitant injuries to the radiocarpal ligaments may occur during episodes of distal radius fractures, which may not cause acute subluxation or dislocation but can lead to radiocarpal instability and progress over time. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of ulnar carpal translation (UCT) after open reduction and internal fixation of distal radius fractures and evaluate the associated factors of UCT. METHODS: The retrospective study has been done now and includes patients treated between 2010 and 2020 who had undergone reduction and locking plate fixation of distal radius fractures...

OBJECTIVE: Diagnosing musculoskeletal infections in children is challenging. In recent years, with the advancement of ultrasound technology, high-resolution ultrasound has unique advantages for musculoskeletal children. The aim of this work is to summarize the ultrasonographic and clinical characteristics of children with pyogenic arthritis and osteomyelitis. This study provides a simpler and more effective diagnostic basis for clinical treatment. METHODS: Fifty children with osteomyelitis or arthritis were diagnosed via ultrasound, and the results of the ultrasound diagnosis were compared with those of magnetic resonance imaging and surgery...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a novel inflammation index derived from the counts of circulating platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes, has been studied in the treatment of acute cancer and ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the clinical value of the SII in postoperative delirium patients has not been further investigated. The purpose of our research was to study the incidence and preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) and verify whether the SII could serve as a potential marker for POD in older intertrochanteric fracture patients...

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study is to propose a classification system with a common nomenclature for radiographic observations of periprosthetic bone changes following cTDR. METHODS: Aided by serial plain radiographs from recent cTDR cases (34 patients; 44 devices), a panel of experts assembled for the purpose of creating a classification system to aid in reproducibly and accurately identifying bony changes and assessing cTDR radiographic appearance. Subdividing the superior and inferior vertebral bodies into 3 equal sections, observed bone loss such as endplate rounding, cystic erosion adjacent to the endplate, and cystic erosion not adjacent to the endplate, is recorded...

PURPOSE: To analyze and study the clinical efficacy and imaging indexes of oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis(LFS) caused by different causes. METHOD: 33 patients with LFS treated with OLIF from January 2018 to May 2022 were reviewed. Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were calculated before and after operation. Segmental lordotic angle (SLA), lumbar lordotic angle (LLA) and segmental scoliosis angle (SSA), disc height (DH), posterior disc height (PDH), lateral disc height (LDH), foraminal height (FH), foramen width (FW) and foraminal cross-sectional area (FSCA) were measured before and after operation...

AIM: To analyze the risk factors of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) after correction surgery in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and EMCC databases were searched for retrospective studies utilizing all AIS patients with PJK after corrective surgery to collect preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up imaging parameters, including thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), proximal junctional angle (PJA), the sagittal vertical axis (SVA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis (PI-LL), sacral slope (SS), rod contour angle (RCA) and upper instrumented vertebra (UIV)...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of decompression alone in lower-grade spondylolisthesis. A higher rate of surgical revision and a lower rate of back pain relief was also observed. However, there is a lack of relevant biomechanical evidence after decompression alone for lower-grade spondylolisthesis. PURPOSE: Evaluating the biomechanical characteristics of total laminectomy, hemilaminectomy, and facetectomy for lower-grade spondylolisthesis by analyzing the range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure (IDP), annulus fibrosus stress (AFS), facet joints contact force (FJCF), and isthmus stress (IS)...

INTRODUCTION: The etiology of osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD), a chondropathy associated with detachment of the subchondral bone and the overlaying cartilage, is not yet fully understood. While repetitive physical exercise-related stress is usually assumed to be the main risk factor for the occurrence of OCD, genetic predisposition could have an underestimated influence on the development of the disease. CASE REPORT: We report a case of monozygotic twins with almost identical stages of bilateral osteochondrosis dissecans of the knee joint...