African Journal of Paediatric Surgery : AJPS

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Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) together with oesophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (TOF) is a very rare condition in neonates. We presented a case of an infant with Gross type C oesophageal atresia with TOF coexisting with Stocker Type III CPAM in our centre. It is interesting to know that TOF associated with type III CPAM has never been reported in the literature. The child was delivered through caesarean section, and because of respiratory distress post-delivery, endotracheal intubation was carried out immediately...

The cystic dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) is a rare pathology in an infant. It is the second-most common surgical cause of cholestatic jaundice in infants after biliary atresia. A 4-month-old female child was admitted to our department with complaints of abdominal distension. The physical examination revealed the presence of a huge palpable mass involving the right hypochondrium up to the right iliac fossa and umbilical region. Ultrasound abdomen revealed a large intra-abdominal cyst but unable to comment on the organ of origin of the cyst due to its huge size...

Intussusception is a common disease in children. Most intussusception is idiopathic and approximately 1% develops postoperatively. We present a case of a 6-year-old male patient who underwent surgery for a type 1 common bile duct cyst. In his post-operative 2nd month, the patient presented with a complaint of abdominal pain after eating, but his pain was not accompanied by nausea or vomiting. No pathological findings were evident in the examination or an abdominal X-ray of the patient. Intussusception was detected by ultrasonography and computed tomography...

Lipomas of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are generally rare. They are rare in children, and when they occur they are usually submucosa. Most of the submucosa lipomas of GIT are present in the colon (65%-75%) and small intestine (25%). In children, intestinal lipoma is a documented cause of pathological lead point intussusception, especially when located in the submucosa. The present case report is of subserosa lipoma in the distal ileum. A 2-year-old boy presented with features of intestinal obstruction which was preceded by a painless abdominal mass...

Classical bladder exstrophy is a congenital anomaly whose management and outcome has advanced over years. Management and outcome are better when management starts at the newborn period. This was the management of a neglected bladder exstrophy in a male presenting at 16 years of age. We report our challenges, management and outcome to highlight the rarity of this presentation, and the adaptation to the usual protocol of care. The patient presented at 16 years of age with classic bladder exstrophy. The bladder plate was contracted and had cystitis...

BACKGROUND: Gastroschisis denotes a congenital or sporadic malformation of the anterior abdominal wall, which is rarely associated with other anomalies. The mortality in African countries is still high almost 100%. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine the feasibility and safety of bedside reduction of gastroschisis and factors affecting the outcome in low-income setting. METHODOLOGY: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytic study over a period of 6 years conducted in the Pediatric Surgery Service of the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital...

BACKGROUND: Foreign body (FB) ingestion in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in children is common. Although most foreign bodies will pass spontaneously, surgical intervention is required when they fail to pass. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience in the management of children who presented with FB in the GIT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of children that underwent laparotomy for the removal of FB in the GIT at the paediatric surgery unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu over a 10-year period...

BACKGROUND: Pyogenic liver abscess (LA) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. The risk factors predisposing to the LA specifically in children are not known. Studies done in the past largely remain inconclusive and have identified only probable causes. The cause of LA in children with no coexisting illness remains unknown. METHODOLOGY: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital located in New Delhi, India...

AIM: This prospective study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of aetiological and risk factors as determinants of the health-seeking pattern of parents of children with epistaxis in a tertiary health institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a 7-year cross-sectional prospective study where copies of the questionnaire were distributed to consenting parents whose children presented to our institution with epistaxis between January 2015 and December 2021...

INTRODUCTION: The intraoperative anatomical findings (IOAF) of all ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) cases are not identical. Moreover, there is also controversy in the literature regarding histopathological (HP) findings in cases of UPJO. In the present study, we evaluated different IOAF and assessed their association with specific HP parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study set-up, which was carried out in a tertiary care centre...

INTRODUCTION: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition in children. Conventionally, the open approach for inguinal hernia repair has been considered the gold standard. However, in the past two decades, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has gained popularity among paediatric surgeons as an alternative to the open approach. Apart from good cosmesis and shorter stay at hospital, laparoscopy offers clear-cut advantages of visualising contralateral site and simultaneous repair if it is patent...

INTRODUCTION: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly of the urogenital system. The goal of the initial repair is to correct any curvature, ensuring that the penis is straight, allowing for successful intercourse, to create a functional neourethra to direct the urinary stream in a forward direction and to produce a cosmetically normal-appearing penis with a slit-like meatus at the tip of the glans. Failures and complications do occur. Failed hypospadias repair is often associated with penile skin loss or deficient local tissue, which leaves the penis short, scarred and hypovascular...

AIM: To study the profile of paediatric blunt abdominal trauma and to assess the correlation of grade of injury with the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a prospective observational study from January 2015 to December 2020. Children below 12 years with blunt abdominal trauma were included. Patient demographic data, treatment given and the final outcome were recorded. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months to maximum 5 years. RESULTS: A total of 68 patients were included in the study...

INTRODUCTION: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN), developed by the Nancy school in France, is the gold standard for surgical treatment of long bone fractures in children. In Africa, few works have been devoted specifically to this technique. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the outcome and to present the challenges with this technique in the treatment of long bone fractures in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective and descriptive study over 4 years including patients aged 0-15 years old operated using ESIN...

AIM: The aim is to evaluate the outcome of right subumbilical transverse incision approach for the management of complicated appendicitis in paediatric age group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective multi-institutional study which was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, I Q City Medical College and Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India and the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Rajiv Gandhi Super Speciality Hospital/Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India...

INTRODUCTION: Intussusception is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants and children. Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction (USGHR) with saline is considered the gold standard with a success rate of more than 90%. Hydrostatic reduction with laparoscopic assistance has its own advantage of direct visualisation, assessment of bowel vascularity and controlled distension. The choice of procedure depends on available resources and surgeon's preference. This study aims to compare the outcomes of the two methods, i...

INTRODUCTION: The clinical handover process has been directly associated with patient safety. Improving patient handover can improve patients' safety and ultimate outcomes; therefore, this review was conducted to examine the literature available on interventions that make handovers more effective. METHODS: MEDLINE (EBSCO) was searched for interventions that improve the efficacy of clinical handovers. Studies were excluded if they were irrelevant, not published in peer-reviewed journals, not published in English, or were based on animal studies...

INTRODUCTION: Conjoined twin is an extremely rare condition and requires a thorough knowledge of anatomy, and a multidisciplinary approach is essential to successfully separate the twins. Thoracopagus twins lie face to face and are attached from chest to upper abdomen. They are the most common among all the varieties but have a poor survival rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a review of literature from 2019 to the oldest via PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords: Conjoined twins, Thoracopagus twins, Thoracoomphalopagus and Thoraco-omphalopagus twins...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.