journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37471395/induction-of-labour-at-39-weeks-and-adverse-outcomes-in-low-risk-pregnancies-according-to-ethnicity-socioeconomic-deprivation-and-parity-a-national-cohort-study-in-england
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Muller, Amar M Karia, Kirstin Webster, Fran Carroll, George Dunn, Alissa Frémeaux, Tina Harris, Hannah Knight, Sam Oddie, Asma Khalil, Jan Van Der Meulen, Ipek Gurol-Urganci
BACKGROUND: Ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in obstetric outcomes are well established. However, the role of induction of labour (IOL) to reduce these inequalities is controversial, in part due to insufficient evidence. This national cohort study aimed to identify adverse perinatal outcomes associated with IOL with birth at 39 weeks of gestation ("IOL group") compared to expectant management ("expectant management group") according to maternal characteristics in women with low-risk pregnancies...
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37471291/paternal-and-maternal-psychiatric-history-and-risk-of-preterm-and-early-term-birth-a-nationwide-study-using-swedish-registers
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiyao Yin, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Ulrika Åden, Kari Risnes, Martina Persson, Abraham Reichenberg, Michael E Silverman, Eero Kajantie, Sven Sandin
BACKGROUND: Women with psychiatric diagnoses are at increased risk of preterm birth (PTB), with potential life-long impact on offspring health. Less is known about the risk of PTB in offspring of fathers with psychiatric diagnoses, and for couples where both parents were diagnosed. In a nationwide birth cohort, we examined the association between psychiatric history in fathers, mothers, and both parents and gestational age. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We included all infants live-born to Nordic parents in 1997 to 2016 in Sweden...
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37467450/correction-collateral-impacts-of-pandemic-covid-19-drive-the-nosocomial-spread-of-antibiotic-resistance-a-modelling-study
#23
(no author information available yet)
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004240.].
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37459579/correction-fortified-balanced-energy-protein-supplementation-during-pregnancy-and-lactation-and-infant-growth-in-rural-burkina-faso-a-2-%C3%A3-2-factorial-individually-randomized-controlled-trial
#24
Alemayehu Argaw, Brenda de Kok, Laeticia Celine Toe, Giles Hanley-Cook, Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg, Moctar Ouédraogo, Anderson Compaoré, Katrien Vanslambrouck, Rasmané Ganaba, Patrick Kolsteren, Carl Lachat, Lieven Huybregts
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004186.].
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37436835/understanding-the-impact-of-antimicrobial-resistance-on-outcomes-of-bloodstream-infections-in-low-and-middle-income-countries
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marlieke E A de Kraker
Marlieke de Kraker discusses a systematic review and meta-analysis reporting the magnitude and consequences of bloodstream infections in low- and middle-income countries.
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37436833/antimicrobial-resistance-strengthening-surveillance-for-public-health-action
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Bertagnolio, Amitabh Bipin Suthar, Olga Tosas, Kitty Van Weezenbeek
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37432972/the-potential-impact-of-novel-tuberculosis-vaccine-introduction-on-economic-growth-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-modeling-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allison Portnoy, Jean-Louis Arcand, Rebecca A Clark, Chathika K Weerasuriya, Christinah Mukandavire, Roel Bakker, Edith Patouillard, Nebiat Gebreselassie, Matteo Zignol, Mark Jit, Richard G White, Nicolas A Menzies
BACKGROUND: Most individuals developing tuberculosis (TB) are working age adults living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The resulting disability and death impact economic productivity and burden health systems. New TB vaccine products may reduce this burden. In this study, we estimated the impact of introducing novel TB vaccines on gross domestic product (GDP) growth in 105 LMICs. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We adapted an existing macroeconomic model to simulate country-level GDP trends between 2020 and 2080, comparing scenarios for introduction of hypothetical infant and adolescent/adult vaccines to a no-new-vaccine counterfactual...
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37410739/blood-based-epigenome-wide-analyses-of-19-common-disease-states-a-longitudinal-population-based-linked-cohort-study-of-18-413-scottish-individuals
#28
REVIEW
Robert F Hillary, Daniel L McCartney, Hannah M Smith, Elena Bernabeu, Danni A Gadd, Aleksandra D Chybowska, Yipeng Cheng, Lee Murphy, Nicola Wrobel, Archie Campbell, Rosie M Walker, Caroline Hayward, Kathryn L Evans, Andrew M McIntosh, Riccardo E Marioni
BACKGROUND: DNA methylation is a dynamic epigenetic mechanism that occurs at cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) investigate the strength of association between methylation at individual CpG sites and health outcomes. Although blood methylation may act as a peripheral marker of common disease states, previous EWAS have typically focused only on individual conditions and have had limited power to discover disease-associated loci...
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37410699/value-of-a-catch-up-hpv-test-in-women-aged-65-and-above-a-danish-population-based-nonrandomized-intervention-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mette Tranberg, Lone Kjeld Petersen, Anne Hammer, Miriam Elfström, Jan Blaakær, Susanne Fogh Jørgensen, Mary Holten Bennetsen, Jørgen Skov Jensen, Berit Andersen
BACKGROUND: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) test is replacing cytology as the primary cervical cancer screening test due to superior sensitivity, but in most countries women ≥65 years have never had an HPV test despite they account for around 50% of cervical cancer deaths. We explored the effect of a catch-up HPV test among 65- to 69-year-old women without previous record of HPV-based screening. METHODS AND FINDINGS: This population-based nonrandomized intervention study (quasi-experimental design) included Danish women aged 65 to 69 with no record of cervical cancer screening in the last ≥5...
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37399216/antimicrobial-resistance-addressing-a-global-threat-to-humanity
#30
EDITORIAL
Timothy R Walsh, Ana C Gales, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Philippa C Dodd
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37347797/association-between-migration-and-severe-maternal-outcomes-in-high-income-countries-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxime Eslier, Elie Azria, Konstantinos Chatzistergiou, Zelda Stewart, Agnès Dechartres, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux
BACKGROUND: Literature focusing on migration and maternal health inequalities is inconclusive, possibly because of the heterogeneous definitions and settings studied. We aimed to synthesize the literature comparing the risks of severe maternal outcomes in high-income countries between migrant and native-born women, overall and by host country and region of birth. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis using the Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for the period from January 1, 1990 to April 18, 2023...
June 22, 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37315103/major-trauma-presentations-and-patient-outcomes-in-english-hospitals-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-an-observational-cohort-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carl Marincowitz, Omar Bouamra, Tim Coats, Dhushy Kumar, David Lockey, Lyndon Mason, Virginia Newcombe, Julian Thompson, Antoinette Edwards, Fiona Lecky
BACKGROUND: Single-centre studies suggest that successive Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related "lockdown" restrictions in England may have led to significant changes in the characteristics of major trauma patients. There is also evidence from other countries that diversion of intensive care capacity and other healthcare resources to treating patients with COVID-19 may have impacted on outcomes for major trauma patients. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number, characteristics, care pathways, and outcomes of major trauma patients presenting to hospitals in England...
June 14, 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37384638/exposure-of-progressive-immune-dysfunction-by-sars-cov-2-mrna-vaccination-in-patients-with-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-a-prospective-cohort-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai Qin, Kazuhito Honjo, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Weimin Liu, Regina M Stoltz, Allisa K Oman, Lucinda A Hall, Ran Li, Sarah Sterrett, Ellen R Frederick, Jeffrey R Lancaster, Mayur Narkhede, Amitkumar Mehta, Foluso J Ogunsile, Rima B Patel, Thomas J Ketas, Victor M Cruz Portillo, Albert Cupo, Benjamin M Larimer, Anju Bansal, Paul A Goepfert, Beatrice H Hahn, Randall S Davis
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have reduced seroconversion rates and lower binding antibody (Ab) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers than healthy individuals following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination. Here, we dissected vaccine-mediated humoral and cellular responses to understand the mechanisms underlying CLL-induced immune dysfunction. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a prospective observational study in SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve CLL patients (n = 95) and healthy controls (n = 30) who were vaccinated between December 2020 and June 2021...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37384596/efficacy-and-safety-of-tofacitinib-in-patients-with-polymyalgia-rheumatica-east-pmr-an-open-label-randomized-controlled-trial
#34
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Xinlei Ma, Fan Yang, Jinzhi Wu, Bei Xu, Mengdi Jiang, Yiduo Sun, Chuanying Sun, Ye Yu, Danyi Xu, Lanlan Xiao, Chunyun Ren, Chunyan Chen, Zi Ye, Junyu Liang, Jin Lin, Weiqian Chen
BACKGROUND: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common inflammatory disease in elderly persons whose mechanism of pathogenesis has not been elucidated. Glucocorticoids are the main first-line treatments but result in numerous side effects. Therefore, there is a need to explore pathogenetic factors and identify possible glucocorticoid-sparing agents. We aimed to study the pathogenetic features of the disease and assess the efficacy and safety of Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-inhibitor tofacitinib in patients with PMR...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37368871/impact-of-antibiotics-on-gut-microbiome-composition-and-resistome-in-the-first-years-of-life-in-low-to-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlie C Luchen, Mwelwa Chibuye, Rene Spijker, Michelo Simuyandi, Caroline Chisenga, Samuel Bosomprah, Roma Chilengi, Constance Schultsz, Daniel R Mende, Vanessa C Harris
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate antimicrobial usage is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately burdened by AMR and young children are especially vulnerable to infections with AMR-bearing pathogens. The impact of antibiotics on the microbiome, selection, persistence, and horizontal spread of AMR genes is insufficiently characterized and understood in children in LMICs. This systematic review aims to collate and evaluate the available literature describing the impact of antibiotics on the infant gut microbiome and resistome in LMICs...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37363878/caloric-reductions-needed-to-achieve-obesity-goals-in-mexico-for-2030-and-2040-a-modeling-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco Reyes-Sánchez, Ana Basto-Abreu, Rossana Torres-Álvarez, Martha Carnalla-Cortés, Alan Reyes-García, Boyd Swinburn, Rafael Meza, Juan A Rivera, Barry Popkin, Tonatiuh Barientos-Gutiérrez
BACKGROUND: In Mexico, obesity prevalence among adults increased from 23% in 2000 to 36% in 2018, approximately. Mexico has not defined short- or long-term obesity goals, obscuring the level of effort required to achieve a relevant impact. We aimed to explore potential obesity goals for 2030 and 2040 in Mexico and to estimate the required caloric reductions to achieve them. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We obtained anthropometric and demographic information on the Mexican adult population (age ≥20 years) from the Health and Nutrition Surveys conducted in 2000, 2006, 2012, 2016, and 2018 (n = 137,907)...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37347726/the-impact-of-inpatient-bloodstream-infections-caused-by-antibiotic-resistant-bacteria-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kasim Allel, Jennifer Stone, Eduardo A Undurraga, Lucy Day, Catrin E Moore, Leesa Lin, Luis Furuya-Kanamori, Laith Yakob
BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) produced by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) cause a substantial disease burden worldwide. However, most estimates come from high-income settings and thus are not globally representative. This study quantifies the excess mortality, length of hospital stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and economic costs associated with ARB BSIs, compared to antibiotic-sensitive bacteria (ASB), among adult inpatients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37339120/prevalence-and-clonal-diversity-of-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-causing-neonatal-infections-a-systematic-review-of-128-articles-across-30-countries
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya Hu, Yongqiang Yang, Yu Feng, Qingqing Fang, Chengcheng Wang, Feifei Zhao, Alan McNally, Zhiyong Zong
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen causing neonatal infections, leading to high mortality worldwide. Along with increasing antimicrobial use in neonates, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a severe challenge for infection control and treatment. However, no comprehensive systematic review is available to describe the global epidemiology of neonatal CRKP infections. We therefore performed a systematic review of available data worldwide and combined a genome-based analysis to address the prevalence, clonal diversity, and carbapenem resistance genes of CRKP causing neonatal infections...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37319169/implications-of-reducing-antibiotic-treatment-duration-for-antimicrobial-resistance-in-hospital-settings-a-modelling-study-and-meta-analysis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yin Mo, Mathupanee Oonsivilai, Cherry Lim, Rene Niehus, Ben S Cooper
BACKGROUND: Reducing antibiotic treatment duration is a key component of hospital antibiotic stewardship interventions. However, its effectiveness in reducing antimicrobial resistance is uncertain and a clear theoretical rationale for the approach is lacking. In this study, we sought to gain a mechanistic understanding of the relation between antibiotic treatment duration and the prevalence of colonisation with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitalised patients. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We constructed 3 stochastic mechanistic models that considered both between- and within-host dynamics of susceptible and resistant gram-negative bacteria, to identify circumstances under which shortening antibiotic duration would lead to reduced resistance carriage...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37310933/global-incidence-in-hospital-associated-infections-resistant-to-antibiotics-an-analysis-of-point-prevalence-surveys-from-99-countries
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruchita Balasubramanian, Thomas P Van Boeckel, Yehuda Carmeli, Sara Cosgrove, Ramanan Laxminarayan
BACKGROUND: Hospital-associated infections (HAIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Many HAIs are caused by drug-resistant bacterial pathogens, but there are major gaps in our understanding of the number of hospital-associated drug-resistant infections (HARIs) worldwide. As such, we estimated trends in prevalence of HARIs caused by high priority pathogens (Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter spp., and Pseudomonas spp...
June 2023: PLoS Medicine
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