Georgian Medical News

Dilemmas in the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous melanoma, concerning the prognosis of patients, are far from finding an adequate or optimal solution at the moment. The issues are multifaceted and encompass a number of key points such as : 1) the choice of resection field, 2) the choice between a one-stage and a two-stage model of surgical removal of the tumor lesion, 3) the removal (or not) of the so-called sentinel lymph node, 4) the time intervals between the two surgical sessions, 5) the need or not for reciprocity between the clinically measured and the histologically established postoperatively resection field, and a number of others...

Regular exercise helps to enhance health outcomes and lower risk factors, making it a crucial element in the prevention of chronic diseases. By being physically active, people can improve their general health and delay the onset of a number of chronic illnesses. For understanding the relationship between increased physical activity or decreased physical inactivity and favorable health outcomes, observational studies are the main source of information. We will look for systematic analyses of randomized controlled trials with a main emphasis on outcomes linked to diseases in the Cochrane Database of systematic studies...

The N-methyl D-aspartate receptor is one of the key receptors in the human brain. As a result of radioligand analysis, it was found that the highest density of this receptor is located in the hippocampus, striatum, cortex, and amygdala. Associative memory, learning, and synaptic density are all directly related to the effective functioning of the NMDA receptor. Recent studies have shown that the number of NMDA receptors and their morphological structure decreases with age, in particular, some subunits change their shape, as well as the use of antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cause a delayed side effect, which manifests itself in the form of a quantitative decrease in NMDA in the brain...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes in patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of large and massive rotator cuff tears and underwent rehabilitation at different stages of the recovery process. The clinical study group consisted of 88 patients, with an age range of 47 to 68 years (mean age 52,7±9,5 years). All patients underwent a double-row repair of the rotator cuff tendons and tenodesis or tenotomy of the long head of the biceps tendon under arthroscopic guidance. The results were assessed using the Constant Shoulder Score and the Oxford Shoulder Score scales at 6 and 12 months after the surgery...

This study aims to characterize and contrast the triennial rates at which doctors prescribe PT, determine patient, doctor, and practicing characteristics related to every therapy suggestion, and assess pain relievers, lifestyle counseling, and PT as effective treatments for knee osteoarthritis (OA). We analyzed the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), narcotics prescriptions, physical therapy referrals, and primary care physician visits for knee OA have been determined and evaluated...

Recently, due to the emergence of a variety of modifications of air, land, water vehicles and an increase in their speed and maneuverability, the number of people with severe manifestations of motion sickness has also increased. The relevance of this problem is dictated by the fact that, despite significant achievements in the field of preventive medicine, a significant number of people prone to motion sickness have been observed to date. Thus, among persons using land modes of transport, the percentage of sick people reaches 15...

Immunotherapy causes cancer patients' immune systems to activate in search of and eliminate cancer cells. As a therapeutic area for cancer, it has expanded in importance and demonstrated promising results in treating many cancers. Checkpoint blockade (CPB) therapy may stimulate a suppressed immune response to provide long-lasting therapeutic results. However, the absence of a tumor-reactive immune infiltration is probably why response rates are still low. Using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells to fight cancer may significantly impact immunology...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with a chronic inflammatory process that affects bone metabolism and leading to impaired bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, the determination of laboratory markers of bone metabolism contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of metabolic bone diseases. The aim of the study - to characterize the bone metabolism parameters in rheumatoid arthritis patients with impaired bone mineral density, to find out their features and diagnostic value. The study included 76 patients randomly stratified by RA status who were treated in the Rheumatology Department of Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, a municipal non-profit enterprise of Lviv Regional Council, from 2013 to 2019...

Aim - to assess the left atrium (LA) mechanical function in patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) using technologies of vector analysis of endocardium movement rate. The study enrolled 107 patients aged 56±7,5 among which 96 men (89,7%). The entry criteria: I-III degree of ischemic mitral regurgitation on echocardiography, angiography reveling coronary artery disease requiring surgical revascularization, sinus rhythm with the heart rate ranging from 60 to 89 per minute, superior echocardiography visualization of LA endocardium...

Sleep is an important part of health, and when you go to sleep, how long you sleep, and how well you sleep all have a big impact on your health. Sleep may be required for regulating the body's metabolism, feelings, function, memory storage, brain recovery, and learning. Because of how important these processes are, sleep should be seen as just as important to health as what you eat and how much you exercise. Adults' sleep generally gets shorter and less restful, their sleep starts later and is more broken up, they have more sleep problems, and their rest-activity rhythms get weaker...

According to the latest and modern concepts- polymorbidity and polymedication are perceived as one of the most likely triggers for the development and progression of skin cancer (and melanomas in particular). The reason for this should be sought in polycontamination with nitrosamines (in the context of polymorbidity and polymedication of affected patients). This polycontamination is expanding in scale with each passing day and this in turn allows its detailed (albeit postponed) analysis. The concept of polycontamination could be related on the one hand to: 1) the patient's medication (number of drugs affected by nitrosamine contamination), but also to: 2) the number of mutagens or so-called contaminants (nitrosamines) contained in a single drug preparation...

Orthodontic clear aligners as an alternative to traditional braces have become increasingly ubiquitous in the last few years. Therefore, understanding the properties of the aligner materials can help to produce more accurate results of the treatment and provide more data for orthodontists who are currently using or intend to use this technology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of thermocycling on some mechanical properties (Hardness and Elastic Modulus) of two thermoplastic products used in the fabrication of orthodontic aligners...

Hydroponics offers a viable solution for obtaining plant products that are rich in micronutrients and ultramicronutrients, such as selenium. Selenium plays a crucial role in strengthening the body's immune defense and acts as a potent antioxidant. Low levels of selenium have been associated with an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and cancer. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (SrB), a relatively new crop in plant cultivation, was the focus of the present study. SrB has numerous medicinal and prophylactic properties, and its leaves are rich in macro- and microelements, vitamins, and diterpene glycosides...

Mirabegron is one of the recently introduced treatments for overactive bladder which avoids the undue effects of antimuscarinics such as constipation, headache, and dry mouth. This study investigated chronic relatively high doses of beta3 adrenergic receptor activation effect on electrolyte hemostasis and possible consequence on the central nervous system viability. In the present study, serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium ion levels using flame photometry had been measured and eosin and hematoxylin staining for cerebral vasculature in the brain striatum...

The article analyzes the population mortality rate in Ukraine from cardiovascular diseases (for example of Sumy region). The structure and dynamics of mortality among the region residents as a result of these diseases during 2012-2019 are also considered. Prognostic assessment the population mortality rate in Ukraine from diseases of the circulatory system (regional aspect). We used analytical, statistical research methods, the method of systematic approach and comparative analysis. Statistical processing was performed in accordance with generally accepted methods of variation statistics using the software STATISTICA 8...

Pain is a common experience that can range from mild annoyance to debilitating agony. As such, finding effective ways to relieve pain is a crucial aspect of healthcare. Aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a commonly used analgesic that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are responsible for causing pain. However, the effectiveness of aspirin can be influenced by various factors, including the form in which it is administered. The current study aimed to compare the effects of aspirin's ordinary particles and nanoparticles as an analgesic utilizing the hot plate method in topical formulations (gel, ointment, cream)...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease worldwide. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in a rat model of Parkinson's disease caused by rotenone. Due to its capacity to increase the penetration of potential water-insoluble drugs into the central nervous system, DMSO has been widely used in preclinical and clinical studies. Background and evoked spike activities were recorded in the hippocampus of rats administered DMSO (1 ml/kg i...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of reproductive age group. Aim - to determine the relationship of Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) with hepcidin, ferritin, serum iron and interleukin-6 among PCOS women. A total of 60 PCOS women enrolled in the study, whose ages ranges were between 15-45 years old versus control group (30 healthy volunteer females with regular menstrual cycles aged between 15 to 45 years). All PCOS patients and healthy control underwent full physical examination and anthropometric measurements...

The features of functional organization of hemodynamic processes in brain basins of healthy children and children with mild mental retardation depending on the nature of asymmetry and gradient of cerebral blood filling are investigated. The study was executed in the scientific laboratory of the special and inclusive education department of the Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan and Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. The study involved children aged 8 to 11 years, a total of 131...

Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignancy and a major cause of death in women. We sought to evaluate ferroportin plasma concentration in patients with BC. A total of 90 subjects (60 BC versus 30 control healthy) enrolled in the present study. Blood sample withdrawn and serum separated for measurement of total serum bilirubin (TSB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), ferroportin (FPN). Results: A non-significant (p<0.852) differences exists between the level TSB in BC group (0.665±0...