Rejuvenation Research

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Circadian rhythms (CRs) are 24h periodic oscillations governed by an endogenous circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which organizes the physiology and behavior of organisms. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is also indicative of the aging process. In mammals, melatonin is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland and participates in a variety of multifaceted intracellular signaling networks, and has been shown to synchronize the CRs. Endogenous melatonin synthesis and its release tend to decrease progressively with advancing age...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the association between sleep duration and osteoporosis. In addition, the sleep related genes methylation was also detected in this study, which was explored the relationship with osteoporosis. METHODS: Epidemiological investigation section of this study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study. We gathered 148 postmenopausal women from two communities and used questionnaires to collect the data of sleep duration and other sleep patterns...

We previously demonstrated that a 50% caloric restriction from birth improves several cardiometabolic risk factors in young rats. In this study, we investigated in middle-aged rats the consequences of a 50% caloric restriction (CR) from birth on cardiometabolic risk factors, heart function/morphology, ventricular arrhythmia, and fibrillation incidence, and cardiac intracellular proteins involved with redox status and cell survival. From birth to the age of 18 months, rats were divided into an Ad Libitum group (AL18), which had free access to food, and a CR18 group, which had food limited to 50% of that consumed by the AL18...

The amount of sleep needed over one's lifespan is age dependent and not sleeping enough or sleeping in excess is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Yet the convergent molecular mechanisms that link longevity and sleep are largely unknown. We performed a gene enrichment study that (1) identified genes associated with both longevity and sleep traits and (2) determined molecular pathways enriched among these shared genes. We manually curated two sets of genes, one associated with longevity and aging and the other with sleep traits (e...

Experimental approaches such as Heterochronic Plasma Transfer (HPT) provides insights into the aging process and helps identify factors that impact aging, with the aim of developing anti-aging therapies. HPT involves the transfer of plasma from an animal of one age to an animal of a different age and highlights the effects of the systemic environment on aging. Despite its importance as an aging research tool, HPT is not without limitations and HPT experiments across various studies differ in key experimental designs considerations, presenting a challenge in obtaining comparable outcomes...

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Effective cryopreservation of large tissues, limbs and organs has the potential to revolutionize medical post-trauma reconstruction options and organ preservation and transplantation procedures. To date, vitrification and directional freezing are the only viable methods for long-term organ or tissue preservation but are of limited clinical relevance. This work aimed to develop a vitrification-based approach that will enable the long-term survival and functional recovery of large tissues and limbs following transplantation...

Abnormal remodeling of collagen and extracellular matrix caused by the accumulation of senescent fibroblasts in the dermis is the most likely cause of skin aging. Therefore, the application of "senolysis," in which only senescent cells are cleared from the body, has a potential in the development of antiaging treatments for skin. However, markers that label senescent fibroblasts only reflect the state of senescence, and it is important to develop markers as therapeutic targets to aid senolysis application. We investigated the potential of serotonin 2A receptor (HTR2A), which is involved in melanin production in response to UV light, as a senescent cell marker...

Diabetes is a chronic condition defined by the body's inability to process glucose. The most common form, diabetes mellitus, reflects the body's insulin resistance, which leads to long-term raised glucose blood levels. These levels can cause oxidative damage, cell stress, and excessive autophagy throughout the body, including the nervous system. Diabetes-related cognitive impairment (DCI) results from chronic elevation of blood glucose, and as diabetes cases continue to rise, so too do comorbidities such as DCI...

BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury occurs as a secondary injury during the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). There is a high death rate and morbidity due to IS throughout the world. Even though Naoxintong Capsule (NXT) is effective in the treatment of CIR, its mechanisms of action are unclear. PURPOSE: The study aims to explore the clear mechanism associated with NXT therapy for CIR. METHODS: We established the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to evaluate the neurological function and assess the infarct size...

Acarbose, a well-studied and effective inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, is a postprandial-acting anti-diabetic medicine. The erythrocyte membrane is an excellent model for studying many metabolic and physiological activities since it experiences a range of biochemical alterations during aging. It is unknown whether ACA has an age-dependent modulatory effect on erythrocyte membrane functions. As a result, the current study was conducted to explore the influence of ACA on age-dependent deteriorated functions of transporters/exchangers, disrupted levels of redox biomarkers such as protein carbonyl (PC), lipid hydroperoxides (LHs), total thiol (-SH), sialic acid (SA), and erythrocyte membrane osmotic fragility...

T cells play critical roles in the immune system, including in responses to cancer, autoimmunity and tissue regeneration. T cells arise from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) which differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow. CLPs then traffic to the thymus, where they undergo thymopoiesis via a number of selection steps, resulting in mature single positive naïve CD4 helper or CD8 cytotoxic T cells. Naïve T cells home to secondary lymphoid organs like lymph nodes and are primed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), which scavenge for both foreign and self-antigens...

Intestinal epithelial cellular senescence contributes to the physiological decline of intestine and induces age-associated intestinal diseases. Therefore, the intestine is a vital target to delay intestinal epithelial cellular senescence and extend healthy lifespan. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs) have a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. However, there are no related reports of AOSs on intestinal epithelial cellular senescence. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of AOSs on hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced senescent intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) and its antiaging mechanism...

Epigenetic alterations during ageing are manifested with altered gene expression linking it to lifespan regulation, genetic instability, and diseases. Diet and epigenetic modifiers exert a profound effect on the lifespan of an organism by modulating the epigenetic marks. However, our understanding of the multifactorial nature of the epigenetic process during ageing and the onset of disease conditions as well as its reversal by epidrugs, diet, or environmental factors is still mystifying. This review covers the key findings in epigenetics related to ageing and age-related diseases...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia with an insidious onset and slow progression. Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been reported to be effective in improving cognitive impairment in AD. However, the mechanism is still confused. In this study, we employed APP/PS1 mice to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of KXS. Forty-eight male APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into model group, Kai-Xin-San groups (0.7, 1.4 and 2.8 g/kg/d, p.o.) and the wild-type mice were assigned to the normal control group (n=12 in each group)...

This Scientometric study aimed to provide state-of-the-art information on research growth and trends, areas of potential growth and development in genomics in India, and identify the key players (organizations or institutions, and funding agencies). It was found that the number of publications and citations related to genomics research has been steadily increasing over the years, indicating a growing interest and investment in the field as the Indian Council of Agricultural Research was the leading contributor to the field...

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The current understanding of skin aging is that senescent fibroblasts accumulate within the dermis and subcutaneous fat to cause abnormal tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix dysfunction, triggering a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). A novel therapeutic approach to prevent skin aging is to specifically eliminate senescent dermal fibroblasts; this requires the identification of specific protein markers for senescent cells. Apolipoprotein D (ApoD) is involved in lipid metabolism and antioxidant responses and is abundantly expressed in tissues affected by age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis...

Ischemia stroke is thought to be one of vascular risks associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has been reported to protect against stroke and AD, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, SH-SY5Y cell model treated with oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) was used to explore the potential mechanism of HSYA. Results from CCK-8 showed that 10μM HSYA restored the cell viability after OGD 2 h/R 24 h. HSYA reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and ROS, while improved the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase...