journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532468/comparing-the-clinical-practice-and-prescribing-safety-of-locum-and-permanent-doctors-observational-study-of-primary-care-consultations-in-england
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christos Grigoroglou, Kieran Walshe, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Jane Ferguson, Gemma Stringer, Darren M Ashcroft, Thomas Allen
BACKGROUND: Temporary doctors, known as locums, are a key component of the medical workforce in the NHS but evidence on differences in quality and safety between locum and permanent doctors is limited. We aimed to examine differences in the clinical practice, and prescribing safety for locum and permanent doctors working in primary care in England. METHODS: We accessed electronic health care records (EHRs) for 3.5 million patients from the CPRD GOLD database with linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics from 1st April 2010 to 31st March 2022...
March 27, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532472/association-between-genetic-risk-and-adherence-to-healthy-lifestyle-for-developing-age-related-hearing-loss
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sang-Hyuk Jung, Young Chan Lee, Manu Shivakumar, Jaeyoung Kim, Jae-Seung Yun, Woong-Yang Park, Hong-Hee Won, Dokyoon Kim
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that lifestyle/environmental factors could accelerate the development of age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, there has not yet been a study investigating the joint association among genetics, lifestyle/environmental factors, and adherence to healthy lifestyle for risk of ARHL. We aimed to assess the association between ARHL genetic variants, lifestyle/environmental factors, and adherence to healthy lifestyle as pertains to risk of ARHL. METHODS: This case-control study included 376,464 European individuals aged 40 to 69 years, enrolled between 2006 and 2010 in the UK Biobank (UKBB)...
March 26, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532458/a-phase-ii-study-of-belumosudil-for-chronic-graft-versus-host-disease-in-patients-who-failed-at-least-one-line-of-systemic-therapy-in-china
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Wang, Depei Wu, Xiang Zhang, Yuhua Li, Yanjie He, Qifa Liu, Li Xuan, Zhenyu Li, Kunming Qi, Yuqian Sun, Shunqing Wang, Wenjian Mo, Lei Gao, Ye Hua, Yu Wang, Ying Zhang
BACKGROUND: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is an immune-related disorder that is the most common complication post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Corticosteroids with or without calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) remain the mainstay of cGVHD treatment for first-line therapy. However, for many patients, cGVHD symptoms cannot be effectively managed and thus require second-line therapy. Currently, there is no approved treatment for second-line cGVHD treatment in China...
March 26, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532381/sars-cov-2-influenza-a-b-and-respiratory-syncytial-virus-positivity-and-association-with-influenza-like-illness-and-self-reported-symptoms-over-the-2022-23-winter-season-in-the-uk-a-longitudinal-surveillance-cohort
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisabeth Dietz, Emma Pritchard, Koen Pouwels, Muhammad Ehsaan, Joshua Blake, Charlotte Gaughan, Eric Haduli, Hugh Boothe, Karina-Doris Vihta, Tim Peto, Nicole Stoesser, Philippa Matthews, Nick Taylor, Ian Diamond, Ruth Studley, Emma Rourke, Paul Birrell, Daniela De Angelis, Tom Fowler, Conall Watson, David Eyre, Thomas House, Ann Sarah Walker
BACKGROUND: Syndromic surveillance often relies on patients presenting to healthcare. Community cohorts, although more challenging to recruit, could provide additional population-wide insights, particularly with SARS-CoV-2 co-circulating with other respiratory viruses. METHODS: We estimated the positivity and incidence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B, and RSV, and trends in self-reported symptoms including influenza-like illness (ILI), over the 2022/23 winter season in a broadly representative UK community cohort (COVID-19 Infection Survey), using negative-binomial generalised additive models...
March 26, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528552/associations-between-maternal-pre-pregnancy-bmi-and-infant-striatal-mean-diffusivity
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aylin Rosberg, Harri Merisaari, John D Lewis, Niloofar Hashempour, Minna Lukkarinen, Jerod M Rasmussen, Noora M Scheinin, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson, Jetro J Tuulari
BACKGROUND: It is well-established that parental obesity is a strong risk factor for offspring obesity. Further, a converging body of evidence now suggests that maternal weight profiles may affect the developing offspring's brain in a manner that confers future obesity risk. Here, we investigated how pre-pregnancy maternal weight status influences the reward-related striatal areas of the offspring's brain during in utero development. METHODS: We used diffusion tensor imaging to quantify the microstructure of the striatal brain regions of interest in neonates (N = 116 [66 males, 50 females], mean gestational weeks at birth [39...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528543/evaluation-of-a-hospital-initiated-tobacco-dependence-treatment-service-uptake-smoking-cessation-readmission-and-mortality
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Robins, Irem Patel, Ann McNeill, John Moxham, Arran Woodhouse, Gareth Absalom, Buljana Shehu, Geraldine Bruce, Amy Dewar, Alanna Molloy, Stephanie Duckworth Porras, Michael Waring, Andrew Stock, Debbie Robson
BACKGROUND: The National Health Service in England aims to implement tobacco dependency treatment services in all hospitals by 2024. We aimed to assess the uptake of a new service, adapted from the Ottawa Model of Smoking Cessation, and its impact on 6-month quit rates and readmission or death at 1-year follow-up. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic service evaluation of a tobacco dependency service implemented among 2067 patients who smoked who were admitted to 2 acute hospitals in London, England, over a 12-month period from July 2020...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528540/association-between-inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-cancer-risk-evidence-triangulation-from-genetic-correlation-mendelian-randomization-and-colocalization-analyses-across-east-asian-and-european-populations
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Haotian Wang, Weijie Cao, Chenguang Zheng, Yun Li, Youxin Wang
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has been associated with several cancer risks in observational studies, but the observed associations have been inconsistent and may face the bias of confounding and reverse causality. The potential causal relationships between IBD and the risk of cancers remain largely unclear. METHODS: We performed genome-wide linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), standard two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), and colocalization analyses using summary genome-wide association study (GWAS) data across East Asian and European populations to evaluate the causal relationships between IBD and cancers...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528511/delivering-synaptic-protein-mrnas-via-extracellular-vesicles-ameliorates-cognitive-impairment-in-a-mouse-model-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huimin Cai, Yana Pang, Ziye Ren, Xiaofeng Fu, Longfei Jia
BACKGROUND: Synaptic dysfunction with reduced synaptic protein levels is a core feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Synaptic proteins play a central role in memory processing, learning, and AD pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that synaptic proteins in plasma neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are reduced in patients with AD. However, it remains unclear whether levels of synaptic proteins in EVs are associated with hippocampal atrophy of AD and whether upregulating the expression of these synaptic proteins has a beneficial effect on AD...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523269/childhood-maltreatment-and-health-in-the-uk-biobank-triangulation-of-outcome-wide-and-polygenic-risk-score-analyses
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice, Rebecca B Lawn, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Andrea L Roberts, Christy A Denckla, Ariel H Kim, Pedro A de la Rosa, Yiwen Zhu, Tyler J VanderWeele, Karestan C Koenen
BACKGROUND: Childhood maltreatment is common globally and impacts morbidity, mortality, and well-being. Our understanding of its impact is constrained by key substantive and methodological limitations of extant research, including understudied physical health outcomes and bias due to unmeasured confounding. We address these limitations through a large-scale outcome-wide triangulation study. METHODS: We performed two outcome-wide analyses (OWAs) in the UK Biobank...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523268/medication-non-adherence-and-self-inflicted-violence-behaviors-among-185-800-patients-with-schizophrenia-in-the-community-a-12-year-cohort-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chuanlong Zuo, Xianmei Yang, Xiangrui Wu, Ruoxin Fan, Jun Liu, Hu Xiang, Yang Li, Xing Zhao, Xiang Liu, Yuanyuan Liu
BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of medication adherence in treatment effectiveness, little is known about the association between medication non-adherence and self-inflicted violence behaviors. We aimed to assess whether medication non-adherence increased the risk of self-inflicted violence behaviors among schizophrenics in communities (hypothesis 1) and whether the dose-response relationship existed (hypothesis 2). METHODS: This 12-year cohort study in western China recruited 292,667 community-dwelling schizophrenics...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520024/sarcopenic-obesity-is-part-of-obesity-paradox-in-dementia-development-evidence-from-a-population-based-cohort-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junhan Zhang, Xiaona Na, Zhihui Li, John S Ji, Guowei Li, Haibing Yang, Yucheng Yang, Yuefeng Tan, Jian Zhang, Menglu Xi, Donghan Su, Huatang Zeng, Liqun Wu, Ai Zhao
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. METHODS: We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. Dementia diagnoses were identified using hospital records and death register data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations of obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity with dementia risk, stratified by sex...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519982/regional-disparities-and-risk-factors-of-mortality-among-patients-at-high-risk-of-sudden-cardiac-death-in-emerging-countries-a-nonrandomized-controlled-trial
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuang Zhao, Chi-Keong Ching, Dejia Huang, Yen-Bin Liu, Diego A Rodriguez-Guerrero, Azlan Hussin, Young-Hoon Kim, Brian Van Dorn, Xiaohong Zhou, Balbir Singh, Shu Zhang
BACKGROUND: Comprehensive data on patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in emerging countries are lacking. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the SCD phenotype and identify risk factors for death among patients at high risk of SCD in emerging countries. METHODS: Patients who met the class I indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation according to guideline recommendations in 17 countries and regions underrepresented in previous trials were enrolled...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519958/sleep-alterations-as-a-function-of-88-health-indicators
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Péter Przemyslaw Ujma, Róbert Bódizs
BACKGROUND: Alterations in sleep have been described in multiple health conditions and as a function of several medication effects. However, evidence generally stems from small univariate studies. Here, we apply a large-sample, data-driven approach to investigate patterns between in sleep macrostructure, quantitative sleep EEG, and health. METHODS: We use data from the MrOS Sleep Study, containing polysomnography and health data from a large sample (N = 3086) of elderly American men to establish associations between sleep macrostructure, the spectral composition of the electroencephalogram, 38 medical disorders, 2 health behaviors, and the use of 48 medications...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519952/progress-with-the-learning-health-system-2-0-a-rapid-review-of-learning-health-systems-responses-to-pandemics-and-climate-change
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolynn L Smith, Georgia Fisher, Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani, Shalini Wijekulasuriya, Louise A Ellis, Samantha Spanos, Genevieve Dammery, Yvonne Zurynski, Jeffrey Braithwaite
BACKGROUND: Pandemics and climate change each challenge health systems through increasing numbers and new types of patients. To adapt to these challenges, leading health systems have embraced a Learning Health System (LHS) approach, aiming to increase the efficiency with which data is translated into actionable knowledge. This rapid review sought to determine how these health systems have used LHS frameworks to both address the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change, and to prepare for future disturbances, and thus transition towards the LHS2...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519925/sex-specific-associations-between-sodium-and-potassium-intake-and-overall-and-cause-specific-mortality-a-large-prospective-u-s-cohort-study-systematic-review-and-updated-meta-analysis-of-cohort-studies
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Gan, Bin Zhao, Maki Inoue-Choi, Linda M Liao, Barry I Graubard, Stephanie J Weinstein, Demetrius Albanes, Jiaqi Huang
BACKGROUND: The impact of sodium intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD) health and mortality has been studied for decades, including the well-established association with blood pressure. However, non-linear patterns, dose-response associations, and sex differences in the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and overall and cause-specific mortality remain to be elucidated and a comprehensive examination is lacking. Our study objective was to determine whether intake of sodium and potassium and the sodium-potassium ratio are associated with overall and cause-specific mortality in men and women...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519887/association-of-in-utero-hiv-exposure-with-child-brain-structure-and-language-development-a-south-african-birth-cohort-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine J Wedderburn, Shunmay Yeung, Sivenesi Subramoney, Jean-Paul Fouche, Shantanu H Joshi, Katherine L Narr, Andrea M Rehman, Annerine Roos, Diana M Gibb, Heather J Zar, Dan J Stein, Kirsten A Donald
BACKGROUND: There is a growing population of children with in utero HIV exposure who are at risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes despite avoiding HIV infection. However, the underlying neurobiological pathways are not understood and neuroimaging studies are lacking. We aimed to investigate the cortical brain structure of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) compared to HIV-unexposed (HU) children and to examine the relationship with neurodevelopment. METHODS: The Drakenstein Child Health birth cohort study enrolled pregnant women from a high HIV prevalence area in South Africa with longitudinal follow-up of mother-child pairs...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515097/correction-transient-increased-risk-of-influenza-infection-following-rsv-infection-in-south-africa-findings-from-the-phirst-study-south-africa-2016-2018
#17
Naomi R Waterlow, Jackie Kleynhans, Nicole Wolter, Stefano Tempia, Rosalind M Eggo, Orienka Hellferscee, Limakatso Lebina, Neil Martinson, Ryan G Wagner, Jocelyn Moyes, Anne von Gottberg, Cheryl Cohen, Stefan Flasche
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 21, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500180/incidence-of-new-onset-hypertension-before-during-and-after-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-7-year-longitudinal-cohort-study-in-a-large-population
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Trimarco, Raffaele Izzo, Daniela Pacella, Ugo Trama, Maria Virginia Manzi, Angela Lombardi, Roberto Piccinocchi, Paola Gallo, Giovanni Esposito, Gaetano Piccinocchi, Maria Lembo, Carmine Morisco, Francesco Rozza, Gaetano Santulli, Bruno Trimarco
BACKGROUND: While the augmented incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 has been widely confirmed, controversial results are available on the risk of developing hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We designed a longitudinal cohort study to analyze a closed cohort followed up over a 7-year period, i.e., 3 years before and 3 years during the COVID-19 pandemic, and during 2023, when the pandemic was declared to be over. We analyzed medical records of more than 200,000 adults obtained from a cooperative of primary physicians from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2023...
March 19, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500147/incorporating-social-vulnerability-in-infectious-disease-mathematical-modelling-a-scoping-review
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan Naidoo, Whitney Shephard, Innocensia Kambewe, Nokuthula Mtshali, Sky Cope, Felipe Alves Rubio, Davide Rasella
BACKGROUND: Highlighted by the rise of COVID-19, climate change, and conflict, socially vulnerable populations are least resilient to disaster. In infectious disease management, mathematical models are a commonly used tool. Researchers should include social vulnerability in models to strengthen their utility in reflecting real-world dynamics. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate how researchers have incorporated social vulnerability into infectious disease mathematical models. METHODS: The methodology followed the Joanna Briggs Institute and updated Arksey and O'Malley frameworks, verified by the PRISMA-ScR checklist...
March 18, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500129/sars-cov-2-infection-is-detrimental-to-pregnancy-outcomes-after-embryo-transfer-in-ivf-icsi-a-prospective-cohort-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuan Li, Qi Zhao, Shujuan Ma, Sha Tang, Guangxiu Lu, Ge Lin, Fei Gong
BACKGROUND: To explore whether SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the pregnancy outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). METHODS: A prospective cohort study recruited patients for embryo transfer from December 01, 2022, to December 31, 2022. All patients were closely followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer. The SARS-CoV-2 "diagnosed group" was defined as RNA or antigen-positive. The SARS-CoV-2 "suspected infection group" was defined as having apparent SARS-CoV-2 symptoms without an RNA or antigen test, while the "uninfected group" was defined as having a negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen test and no SARS-CoV-2 symptoms...
March 18, 2024: BMC Medicine
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