Polish Journal of Radiology

BACKGROUND: Stroke related to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is uncommon, with untoward lethal outcomes. Systemic anticoagulation is the treatment of choice. However, some patients can be resistant to this treatment. Endovascular management with thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy can be a viable option in such cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the endovascular management used for CVT in 8 patients who failed to respond to standard anticoagulation therapy between December 2017 and December 2022 in our institute...

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyse magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of paediatric patients referred because of back pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective analysis included the medical records of 328 patients referred in 2020-2022 to the Department of Paediatric Radiology for spine examination. The criterion for inclusion in the analysed group was back pain as the dominant symptom. This symptom occurred in 20% (68 patients) of referrals for MRI examinations...

PURPOSE: Accurately segmenting head and neck cancer (HNC) tumors in medical images is crucial for effective treatment planning. However, current methods for HNC segmentation are limited in their accuracy and efficiency. The present study aimed to design a model for segmenting HNC tumors in three-dimensional (3D) positron emission tomography (PET) images using Non-Local Means (NLM) and morphological operations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The proposed model was tested using data from the HECKTOR challenge public dataset, which included 408 patient images with HNC tumors...

PURPOSE: Abdominal obesity plays a significant role in the development of metabolic syndrome, with individual metabolic risk profiles for visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. This study aimed to calculate and correlate the subcutaneous, visceral, and total fat compartment volume in metabolic and non-metabolic syndrome patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 112 patients categorized into Group A (with metabolic syndrome) and Group B (without metabolic syndrome)...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) scoring system in predicting muscle infiltration of bladder cancer (BC) on a pre-operative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). METHODS: The prospective study enrolled patients with bladder lesions detected on a preliminary ultrasonography or cystoscopy. The patients underwent mpMRI on a 3T MRI scanner followed by surgery within 2 weeks...

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease resulting, in most cases, from a reactivation of a latent cyst with Toxoplasma gondii . The disease mainly affects immunosuppressed individuals, such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-infected patients. Diagnosis is based on specialized antibody testing, clinical symptoms, neuroimaging methods, and histological examination. The gold standard for diagnosis is a brain biopsy, but more often the response to treatment seen in clinical symptoms and neuroimaging studies is sufficient...

PURPOSE: This research study was conducted to evaluate the impact of (68 Ga)-tagged prostatic-specific membrane antigen (68 Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT), compare its role with conventional radiology in early staging of high-risk prostate cancer, and calculate the PSMA score evaluating its usefulness in 68 Ga-PSMA PET-CT reporting in our patient population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 68 Ga-PSMA PET-CT of 65 high-risk cases of prostate cancer was performed for staging purpo-ses...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to establish a database of tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in the normal brain of healthy volunteers. Tissue sodium concentration can be used as a sensitive marker of tissue viability in stroke or radiation therapy monitoring. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-seven volunteers were scanned with a 23 Na protocol in the span of one year; within this group, 29 studies were of acceptable quality. The study was approved by the Local Bioethics Committee...

PURPOSE: Currently, there is no definitive consensus on the optimal imaging modality for determining the treatment response in patients with skull base osteomyelitis (SBO). This study aimed to investigate the utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as treatment response markers of SBO. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 6 patients with SBO, who underwent both pre- and post-treatment DCE-MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)...

PURPOSE: Simple MRI features are mandatory to facilitate the diagnostics of synovial sarcomas, especially for radiolo-gists outside multidisciplinary sarcoma centres. In this case-series and review, we investigate the main appearance of synovial sarcoma on MRI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifteen histologically proven primary synovial sarcomas who underwent MRI at 2 different sarcoma centres were included in this case series. Patients and their primary synovial sarcomas were examined for age, localization, mean tumour size (in mm), histological grade (G - according to the Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre Le Cancer [FNCLCC]), configuration, T2 signal intensity, presence/absence of "triple sign", heterogeneity/homogeneity, borders (well-defined or infiltrative), and intensity of contrast enhancement on MRI...

PURPOSE: The early diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) enables early intervention for the modifiable risk factors of the disease. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected incidentally on standard noncontrast chest computed tomography (CT) provides an opportunity for the early diagnosis of CAD. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that CAC should be routinely reported when evaluating thoracic CT examinations. Routine reporting of CAC will contribute to the early diagnosis of CAD...

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of the neuroradiological indices of brain atrophy in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with particular emphasis on the assessment of atrophy areas typical of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The group of 34 patients (age 60-90 years, 17 women and 17 men) with severe AS and 50 healthy controls (age 61-85 years, 29 women and 21 men) underwent MRI brain examinations, which were analysed for the neuroradiological indices of brain atrophy...

Despite improvements in the safety of surgical procedures, leaving a foreign object in a patient's body is still one of the complications of surgical procedures. The literature lacks an analysis of the effectiveness of specific diagnostic tests in detecting foreign objects. The authors present a discussion of the effectiveness of selected techniques and examples of the appearance of foreign bodies in radiological images based on the description of 10 cases. Leaving surgical haemostatic material in the abdominal or pelvic cavity is an underestimated phenomenon that poses a serious diagnostic problem...

PURPOSE: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a major worldwide health problem. For all CKD, intra-renal fibrosis is a final common pathway that can be correlated with disease severity. Tissue stiffness can be measured non-invasively using shear wave elastography. This study evaluates the use of Young's modulus derived by SWE as a biomarker that can distinguish normal from diseased kidneys. Also, Young's modulus was correlated with Doppler findings and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)...

In recent years, lung ultrasound (LUS) has developed rapidly, and it is growing in popularity in various scenarios. It has become especially popular among clinicians. There are constant attempts to introduce it in new fields, with quite a strong resistance in the radiological community. In addition, knowledge regarding lung and LUS has been augmented by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, this has led to many misconceptions. The aim of this review is to discuss lines, signs, and phenomena that can be seen in LUS in order to create a single, easily available compendium for radiologists and promote consistency in LUS nomenclature...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the absolute dose uncertainty at 2 different energies and for the large and small bowtie filters in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Measurements were performed using DECT at 80 kV and 140 kilovoltage peak (kVp), and single-energy computed tomography (CT) at 120 kV. The absolute dose was calculated from the mass-energy absorption obtained from the half-value layer (HVL) of aluminium. RESULTS: The difference in the water-to-air ratio of the mean mass energy-absorption coefficients at 80 kV and 140 kV was 2...

PURPOSE: To assess the utility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and T2* mapping in quantitative analysis of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) of lumbar intervertebral discs with its correlation with modified Pfirrmann grading (MPG) for lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred subjects (20-74 years of age) underwent T2-weighted, DWI with ADC and T2* magnetic resonance imaging...

PURPOSE: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to resolve the conflicts on the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence systems in detecting and segmenting oral and maxillofacial structures using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a literature search of the Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases for reports published from their inception to 31 October 2022. We included studies that explored the accuracy of artificial intelligence in the automatic detection or segmentation of oral and maxillofacial anatomical landmarks or lesions using CBCT images...

PURPOSE: The presence of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma has a significantly decreased outcome following hepatectomy or liver transplantation. Currently, it is still based on histological examination. Identification of microvascular invasion by using pre-operative imaging is important for the decision-making of surgeons and interventional radiologists. Aim of the study was to predict the microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma based on tumour margin enhancement of pre-operative multiphase computed tomography (CT) images...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the computed tomography findings of intersigmoid hernias. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between April 2010 and March 2018, 7 patients who were surgically diagnosed with intersigmoid hernia in 3 institutions were enrolled in this study. Two radiologists evaluated imaging findings for the herniated small bowel, the distance between the occlusion point and bifurcation of the left common iliac artery, and the anatomic relationship with adjacent organs. RESULTS: All patients were male, and their mean age (standard deviation, range) was 61...