journal
Journals Journal of Experimental Zoolog...

Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528769/what-is-a-trait-lessons-from-the-human-chin
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andra Meneganzin, Grant Ramsey, James DiFrisco
The chin, a distinguishing feature of Homo sapiens, has sparked ongoing debates regarding its evolutionary origins and adaptive significance. We contend that these controversies stem from a fundamental disagreement about what constitutes a well-defined biological trait, a problem that has received insufficient attention despite its recognized importance in biology. In this paper, we leverage paleoanthropological research on the human chin to investigate the general issue of character or trait identification...
March 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497317/global-level-of-methylation-in-the-sea-lamprey-jawless-vertebrate-genome-is-intermediate-between-invertebrate-and-jawed-vertebrate-genomes
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhao Zhang, Gangbiao Liu, Zhan Zhou, Zhixi Su, Xun Gu
In eukaryotes, cytosine methylation is a primary heritable epigenetic modification of the genome that regulates many cellular processes. In invertebrate, methylated cytosine generally located on specific genomic elements (e.g., gene bodies and silenced repetitive elements) to show a "mosaic" pattern. While in jawed vertebrate (teleost and tetrapod), highly methylated cytosine located genome-wide but only absence at regulatory regions (e.g., promoter and enhancer). Many studies imply that the evolution of DNA methylation reprogramming may have helped the transition from invertebrates to jawed vertebrates, but the detail remains largely elusive...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407543/variants-of-a-major-dna-satellite-discriminate-parental-subgenomes-in-a-hybrid-parthenogenetic-lizard-darevskia-unisexualis-darevsky-1966
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavel Nikitin, Sviatoslav Sidorov, Thomas Liehr, Ksenia Klimina, Ahmed Al-Rikabi, Vitaly Korchagin, Oxana Kolomiets, Marine Arakelyan, Victor Spangenberg
Hybrid parthenogenetic animals are an exceptionally interesting model for studying the mechanisms and evolution of sexual and asexual reproduction. A diploid parthenogenetic lizard Darevskia unisexualis is a result of an ancestral cross between a maternal species Darevskia raddei nairensis and a paternal species Darevskia valentini and presents a unique opportunity for a cytogenetic and computational analysis of a hybrid karyotype. Our previous results demonstrated a significant divergence between the pericentromeric DNA sequences of the parental Darevskia species; however, an in-depth comparative study of their pericentromeres is still lacking...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369898/rna-seq-analysis-of-parasitism-by-intoshia-linei-orthonectida-reveals-protein-effectors-of-defence-communication-feeding-and-growth
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizaveta K Skalon, Viktor V Starunov, George S Slyusarev
Orthonectida is a group of multicellular endoparasites of a wide range of marine invertebrates. Their parasitic stage is a multinuclear shapeless plasmodium infiltrating host tissues. The development of the following worm-like sexual generation takes place within the cytoplasm of the plasmodium. The existence of the plasmodial stage and the development of a sexual stage within the plasmodium are unique features to Bilateria. However, the molecular mechanisms that maintain this peculiar organism, and hence enable parasitism in orthonectids, are unknown...
February 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369890/cis-regulatory-control-of-mammalian-trps1-gene-expression
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Abrar, Shahid Ali, Irfan Hussain, Hizran Khatoon, Fatima Batool, Shakira Ghazanfar, Dylan Corcoran, Yasuhiko Kawakami, Amir Ali Abbasi
TRPS1 serves as the causative gene for tricho-rhino phalangeal syndrome, known for its craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. The Trps1 gene encodes a protein that represses Wnt signaling through strong interactions with Wnt signaling inhibitors. The identification of genomic cis-acting regulatory sequences governing Trps1 expression is crucial for understanding its role in embryogenesis. Nevertheless, to date, no investigations have been conducted concerning these aspects of Trps1. To identify deeply conserved noncoding elements (CNEs) within the Trps1 locus, we employed a comparative genomics approach, utilizing slowly evolving fish such as coelacanth and spotted gar...
February 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369877/cave-beetle-lineages-gained-genes-before-going-down-under-an-example-of-repeated-genomic-exaptation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus Friedrich
The adaptation of animals to subterranean habitats like caves and aquifers stereotypically leads to dramatic trait-loss consequences like the lack of eyes and body pigmentation. These body plan regression trends are expected to be tied to gene loss as well. Indeed, previous studies documented the degeneration of vision genes in obligate cave dwellers. Contradicting this picture, the first broad-scale comparative transcriptome-wide study of gene content evolution in separate subterranean Australian and Mediterranean beetle clades unearthed evidence of global gene gain and retention...
February 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361399/a-review-of-the-reproductive-biology-of-mormyroid%C3%A2-fishes-an-emerging-model-for-biomedical-research
#7
REVIEW
Alyssa N Saunders, Jason R Gallant
Mormyroidea is a superfamily of weakly electric African fishes with great potential as a model in a variety of biomedical research areas including systems neuroscience, muscle cell and craniofacial development, ion channel biophysics, and flagellar/ciliary biology. However, they are currently difficult to breed in the laboratory setting, which is essential for any tractable model organism. As such, there is a need to better understand the reproductive biology of mormyroids to breed them more reliably in the laboratory to effectively use them as a biomedical research model...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361319/anciently-duplicated-genes-continuously-recruited-to-heart-expression-in-vertebrate-evolution-are-associated-with-heart-chamber-increase
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yangyun Zou, Jingwen Yang, Jingqi Zhou, Gangbiao Liu, Libing Shen, Zhan Zhou, Zhixi Su, Xun Gu
Although gene/genome duplications in the early stage of vertebrates have been thought to provide major resources of raw genetic materials for evolutionary innovations, it is unclear whether they continuously contribute to the evolution of morphological complexity during the course of vertebrate evolution, such as the evolution from two heart chambers (fishes) to four heart chambers (mammals and birds). We addressed this issue by our heart RNA-Seq experiments combined with published data, using 13 vertebrates and one invertebrate (sea squirt, as an outgroup)...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318934/both-strand-gene-coding-in-a-plastome-like-mitogenome-of-an-enoplid-nematode
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olga V Nikolaeva, Leonid Yu Rusin, Kirill V Mikhailov, Vladimir V Aleoshin, Paul De Ley
The phylum Nematoda remains very poorly sampled for mtDNA, with a strong bias toward parasitic, economically important or model species of the Chromadoria lineage. Most chromadorian mitogenomes share a specific order of genes encoded on one mtDNA strand. However, the few sequenced representatives of the Dorylaimia lineage exhibit a variable order of mtDNA genes encoded on both strands. While the ancestral arrangement of nematode mitogenome remains undefined, no evidence has been reported for Enoplia, the phylum's third early divergent major lineage...
February 6, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318922/substantial-gene-expression-shifts-during-larval-transitions-in-the-pearl-oyster-pinctada-margaritifera
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Destanque, J Le Luyer, V Quillien, M Sham Koua, P Auffrey, C-L Ky
Early development stages in marine bivalve are critical periods where larvae transition from pelagic free-life to sessile mature individuals. The successive metamorphosis requires the expression of key genes, the functions of which might be under high selective pressure, hence understanding larval development represents key knowledge for both fundamental and applied research. Phenotypic larvae development is well known, but the underlying molecular mechanisms such as associated gene expression dynamic and molecular cross-talks remains poorly described for several nonmodel species, such as P...
February 6, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291725/acclimation-of-intertidally-reproducing-sea-snails-protects-embryos-from-lethal-effects-of-transient-hyperthermia
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Morgan Q Goulding
Embryos of Ilyanassa obsoleta (from Massachusetts and Florida) and Phrontis vibex (from Florida) were exposed to temperatures from 33 to 37°C. In both species, very young embryos are especially sensitive to thermal stress. Brief early heat shock did not disturb spiral cleavage geometry but led to variable, typically severe defects in larval morphogenesis and tissue differentiation. In Ilyanassa but not P. vibex, early heat shock resulted in immediate slowing or arrest of interphase progression during early cleavage...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38247307/unraveling-stress-resilience-insights-from-adaptations-to-extreme-environments-by-astyanax-mexicanus-cavefish
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ansa E Cobham, Nicolas Rohner
Extreme environmental conditions have profound impacts on shaping the evolutionary trajectory of organisms. Exposure to these conditions elicits stress responses, that can trigger phenotypic changes in novel directions. The Mexican Tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, is an excellent model for understanding evolutionary mechanisms in response to extreme or new environments. This fish species consists of two morphs; the classical surface-dwelling fish and the blind cave-dwellers that inhabit dark and biodiversity-reduced ecosystems...
January 21, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238916/in-the-spotlight-early-career-researcher
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Duygu Özpolat
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38192038/3d-spheroid-culturing-of-astyanax%C3%A2-mexicanus-liver-derived-cell-lines-recapitulates-distinct-transcriptomic-and-metabolic-states-of-in-vivo-tissue-environment
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tathagata Biswas, Naresh Rajendran, Huzaifa Hassan, Hua Li, Chongbei Zhao, Nicolas Rohner
In vitro assays are crucial tools for gaining detailed insights into various biological processes, including metabolism. Cave morphs of the river-dwelling fish species, Astyanax mexicanus, have adapted their metabolism allowing them to thrive in the biodiversity-deprived and nutrient-limited environment of caves. Liver-derived cells from the cave and river morphs of A. mexicanus have proven to be excellent in vitro resources to better understand the unique metabolism of these fish. However, the current 2D cultures have not fully captured the complex metabolic profile of the Astyanax liver...
January 8, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38185943/exploring-pathways-toward-open-hardware-ecosystems-to-safeguard-genetic-resources-for-biomedical-research-communities-using-aquatic-model-species
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Liu, Jack C Koch, Lucía Arregui, Allyssa Oune, Sarah Bodenstein, Maria T Gutierrez-Wing, Terrence R Tiersch
Development of reliable germplasm repositories is critical for preservation of genetic resources of aquatic species, which are widely utilized to support biomedical innovation by providing a foundational source for naturally occurring variation and development of new variants through genetic manipulations. A significant barrier in repository development is the lack of cryopreservation capability and reproducibility across the research community, posing great risks of losing advances developed from billions of dollars of research investment...
January 7, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38178621/in-the-spotlight-established-researcher
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduardo E Zattara
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 4, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38155515/antagonistic-regulation-of-homeologous-uncx-l-and-uncx-s-genes-orchestrates-myotome-and-sclerotome-differentiation-in-the-evolutionarily-divergent-vertebral-column-of-xenopus-laevis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Romel S Sánchez, María A Lazarte, Virginia S L Abdala, Sara S Sánchez
In anurans, the vertebral column diverges widely from that of other tetrapods; yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its morphogenesis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the role of the homeologous uncx.L and uncx.S genes in the vertebral column morphogenesis of the allotetraploid frog Xenopus laevis. We initiated our study by cloning the uncx orthologous genes in the anuran Xenopus and determining their spatial expression patterns using in situ hybridization. Additionally, we employed gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches through dexamethasone-inducible uncx constructs and antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, respectively...
December 28, 2023: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38108095/skeletal-class-iii-phenotype-link-between-animal-models-and-human-genetics-a-scoping-review
#18
REVIEW
Alexandra Dehesa-Santos, Maria Cristina Faria-Teixeira, Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
This study aimed to identify evidence from animal studies examining genetic variants underlying maxillomandibular discrepancies resulting in a skeletal Class III (SCIII) malocclusion phenotype. Following the Manual for Evidence Synthesis of the JBI and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews, a participant, concept, context question was formulated and systematic searches were executed in the PubMed, Scopus, WOS, Scielo, Open Gray, and Mednar databases. Of the 779 identified studies, 13 met the selection criteria and were included in the data extraction...
December 18, 2023: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38087422/semi-automated-high-content-imaging-of-drug-transporter-knockout-sea-urchin-lytechinus-pictus-embryos
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evan Tjeerdema, Yoon Lee, Rachel Metry, Amro Hamdoun
A defining feature of sea urchins is their extreme fecundity. Urchins produce millions of transparent, synchronously developing embryos, ideal for spatial and temporal analysis of development. This biological feature has been effectively utilized for ensemble measurement of biochemical changes. However, it has been underutilized in imaging studies, where single embryo measurements are used. Here we present an example of how stable genetics and high content imaging, along with machine learning-based image analysis, can be used to exploit the fecundity and synchrony of sea urchins in imaging-based drug screens...
December 12, 2023: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38078561/annelids-as-models-of-germ-cell-and-gonad-regeneration
#20
REVIEW
B Duygu Özpolat
Germ cells (reproductive cells and their progenitors) give rise to the next generation in sexually reproducing organisms. The loss or removal of germ cells often leads to sterility in established research organisms such as the fruit fly, nematodes, frog, and mouse. The failure to regenerate germ cells in these organisms reinforced the dogma of germline-soma barrier in which germ cells are set-aside during embryogenesis and cannot be replaced by somatic cells. However, in stark contrast, many animals including segmented worms (annelids), hydrozoans, planaria, sea stars, sea urchins, and tunicates can regenerate germ cells...
December 11, 2023: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution
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