journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388932/changes-in-harm-reduction-service-providers-professional-quality-of-life-during-dual-public-health-emergencies-in-canada
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheena Taha, Samantha King, Sara Atif, Eliza Bate
BACKGROUND: Harm reduction (HR) is a critical response to the pronounced toxicity deaths being experienced in Canada. HR providers report many benefits of their jobs, but also encounter chronic stress from structural inequities and exposure to trauma and death. This research study sought to quantify the emotional toll the toxicity emergency placed on HR providers (Cycle One; 2019). Study objectives were later expanded to determine the impact of the ongoing toxicity as well as the pandemic's impact on well-being (Cycle Two; 2021)...
February 22, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388463/come-back-when-you-re-infected-pharmacy-access-to-sterile-syringes-in-an-arizona-secret-shopper-study-2023
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danielle M Russell, Beth E Meyerson, Arlene N Mahoney, Irene Garnett, Chris Ferrell, Kylee Newgass, Jon D Agley, Richard A Crosby, Keith G Bentele, Nina Vadiei, David Frank, Linnea B Linde-Krieger
BACKGROUND: Pharmacies are critical healthcare partners in community efforts to eliminate bloodborne illnesses. Pharmacy sale of sterile syringes is central to this effort. METHODS: A mixed methods "secret shopper" syringe purchase study was conducted in the fall of 2022 with 38 community pharmacies in Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona. Pharmacies were geomapped to within 2 miles of areas identified as having a potentially high volume of illicit drug commerce...
February 22, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383344/a-systematic-review-of-interventions-that-impact-alcohol-and-other-drug-related-harms-in-licensed-entertainment-settings-and-outdoor-music-festivals
#23
REVIEW
Christopher Eassey, Caitlin E Hughes, Phillip Wadds, Dominique de Andrade, Monica J Barratt
BACKGROUND: Harms associated with the use of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) in licensed entertainment settings (LES) and outdoor music festivals (OMF) are ongoing public health and criminal justice concerns. This systematic review provides a comprehensive, synthesized report on the evidence base of interventions that impact harm in these settings, and how they affect health, behavioral, and criminal justice outcomes. METHODS: Nine databases were searched for experimental and observational studies published between 2010 and 2021...
February 21, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378660/xylazine-co-occurrence-with-illicit-fentanyl-is-a-growing-threat-in-the-deep-south-a-retrospective-study-of-decedent-data
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Bradford, Mary Figgatt, Karen S Scott, Stacy Marshall, Ellen F Eaton, Daniel W Dye
BACKGROUND: Xylazine is a dangerous veterinary sedative found mainly in illicit fentanyl in the Northeast and Midwest. Its role in the Deep South overdose crisis is not well-characterized. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of autopsy data in Jefferson County, Alabama to identify trends in xylazine prevalence among people who fatally overdosed from June 2019 through June 2023. RESULTS: 165 decedents met inclusion criteria. While the first identified xylazine-associated overdose was in June 2019, xylazine has become consistently prevalent since January 2021...
February 20, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378610/feeling-safer-effectiveness-feasibility-and-acceptability-of-continuous-pulse-oximetry-for-people-who-smoke-opioids-at-overdose-prevention-services-in-british-columbia-canada
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Moe, Tamara Chavez, Charotte Marr, Fred Cameron, Damian Feldman-Kiss, Yueqiao Elle Wang, Jessica C Xavier, Zahra Mamdani, Roy A Purssell, Amy Salmon, Jane A Buxton
BACKGROUND: Smoking is the most common mode of unregulated opioid consumption overall and implicated in fatal overdoses in British Columbia (BC). In part, perception of decreased risk (e.g., fewer who smoke carry naloxone kits) and limited smoking-specific harm reduction services contribute to overdose deaths. Overdose prevention services (OPS) offer supervised settings for drug use. Continuous pulse oximetry, common in acute care, allows real-time, remote oxygen monitoring. We evaluated the effectiveness of a novel continuous pulse oximetry protocol aimed at allowing physical distancing (as required by COVID-19, secluded spaces, and to avoid staff exposure to vaporized opioids), its feasibility, and acceptability at OPS for people who smoke opioids...
February 20, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374063/-i-don-t-think-of-it-as-a-shelter-i-say-i-m-going-home-a-qualitative-evaluation-of-a-low-threshold-shelter-for-women-who-use-drugs
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Corinne A Beaugard, Fay Khudairi, Oluwatoyin Yesufu, Andrea Farina, Jordana Laks
BACKGROUND: In 2021-2022, encampments in a downtown Boston neighborhood reached record heights, increasing the visibility of drug use and homelessness in the city. In response, the city planned a "sweep" (i.e., eradication of encampments) and requested support from social services and medical providers to pilot low-threshold shelters. Low-threshold shelters reduce barriers to staying in traditional congregate shelters with more flexible regulations, longer-term bed assignments, and secured storage for contraband (e...
February 19, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368391/the-war-on-drugs-is-a-war-on-us-young-people-who-use-drugs-and-the-fight-for-harm-reduction-in-the-global-south
#27
LETTER
M-J Stowe, Rita Gatonye, Ishwor Maharjan, Seyi Kehinde, Sidarth Arya, Jorge Herrera Valderrábano, Angela Mcbride, Florian Scheibein, Emmy Kageha Igonya, Danya Fast
In the Global South, young people who use drugs (YPWUD) are exposed to multiple interconnected social and health harms, with many low- and middle-income countries enforcing racist, prohibitionist-based drug policies that generate physical and structural violence. While harm reduction coverage for YPWUD is suboptimal globally, in low- and middle-income countries youth-focused harm reduction programs are particularly lacking. Those that do exist are often powerfully shaped by global health funding regimes that restrict progressive approaches and reach...
February 17, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38365734/feasibility-of-paying-people-who-use-drugs-cash-to-distribute-naloxone-within-their-networks
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikki M Lewis, Rebecca P Smeltzer, Trevor J Baker, Andrea C Sahovey, Justine Baez, Erika Hensel, Brandon Poole, Cecelia Stewart, Allyson G Cogan, Mackenzie Bullard, Jessica L Taylor
INTRODUCTION: Immediate access to naloxone is needed to prevent fatal opioid-related overdoses in the presence of fentanyl analogs saturating the opioid supply. Peer models engage impacted populations who are not accessing naloxone through standard venues, yet compensating peers who utilize syringe service programs with cash stipends to distribute naloxone within networks of people who use drugs is not well described. METHODS: As part of the HEALing Communities Study, syringe service program-based interventions were developed in Holyoke and Gloucester, MA, which paid people who use drugs ("peers") cash to distribute naloxone...
February 16, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360652/patterns-of-cannabis-use-perception-of-harm-and-perceived-impact-of-legislative-change-in-an-online-sample-of-young-adults-from-lebanon-insight-on-recreational-users-versus-dual-motive-users
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lilian Ghandour, Andre Slim, Nada Abbas, Joseph El-Khoury
BACKGROUND: Lebanon remains as one of the major sources of cannabis worldwide. In 2020, its government passed a legislation enabling the cultivation of local medicinal cannabis. This first study following the legislative change examines the overlapping use of cannabis for recreational/medicinal purposes and characteristics of the distinct cannabis user types. METHODS: A total of 1230 young adults (18-24 years) filled an anonymous online survey in early 2020. RESULTS: Young adults in the sample were distributed as follows: 33% 18-20 years; 60% males; 94% Lebanese; 75% students; and 89% living with family...
February 15, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38355641/-make-yourself-un-nimby-able-stakeholder-perspectives-on-strategies-to-mobilize-public-and-political-support-for-overdose-prevention-centers-in-the-united-states-of-america
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph G Rosen, Erin Thompson, Jessica Tardif, Alexandra B Collins, Brandon D L Marshall, Ju Nyeong Park
BACKGROUND: Overdose prevention centers (OPCs), also known as supervised injection facilities and safe consumption sites, are evidenced-based interventions for preventing overdose deaths and drug-related morbidities. The pathways to legalizing OPCs in the USA have confronted multiple social, political, and legal obstacles. We conducted a multi-site, qualitative study to explore heterogeneities in these pathways in four jurisdictions, as well as to understand stakeholder perspectives on valuable strategies for galvanizing political and public support for OPCs...
February 15, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38351046/an-evaluation-of-first-responders-intention-to-refer-to-post-overdose-services-following-shield-training
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saad T Siddiqui, Anna La Manna, Elizabeth Connors, Ryan Smith, Kyle Vance, Zach Budesa, Jeremiah Goulka, Leo Beletsky, Claire A Wood, Phillip Marotta, Rachel P Winograd
BACKGROUND: First responders [law enforcement officers (LEO) and Fire/Emergency Medical Services (EMS)] can play a vital prevention role, connecting overdose survivors to treatment and recovery services. This study was conducted to examine the effect of occupational safety and harm reduction training on first responders' intention to refer overdose survivors to treatment, syringe service, naloxone distribution, social support, and care-coordination services, and whether those intentions differed by first responder profession...
February 13, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38351012/behere-s-effective-virtual-training-to-build-capacity-to-support-people-who-use-drugs-in-non-substance-use-disorder-settings
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hope Worden Kenefick, Alexis Wing
BACKGROUND: Human service settings not specifically focused on supporting people who use drugs (PWUD), especially those with a substance use disorder (SUD), such as probation and parole services, homeless shelters, and work re-entry and job training programs, offer a unique opportunity to assist this population and prevent overdose deaths. During the COVID-19 pandemic (pandemic), building capacity in such settings for overdose prevention, harm reduction, and to address barriers to treatment, recovery, and support services required that training vendors use a virtual format...
February 13, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336722/factors-associated-with-gaps-in-naloxone-knowledge-evidence-from-a-2022-great-plains-survey
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Spencer Cooper-Ohm, Patrick Habecker, Ryan Humeniuk, Rick A Bevins
BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of fast-acting opioids in the USA suggests the increased need for non-professional first responder administration of naloxone. Effective administration of naloxone during an overdose requires that bystanders are familiar with, have access to, and know how to use naloxone. METHODS: Drawing on a statewide, address-based sample of Nebraskan adults, we used logistic regression to predict the likelihood of respondents' familiarity with, access to, and competency to administer naloxone...
February 10, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336662/harm-reduction-workforce-behavioral-health-and-service-delivery-in-the-usa-a-cross-sectional-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa de Saxe Zerden, Orrin D Ware, Brooke N Lombardi, Brianna M Lombardi
BACKGROUND: Despite recent financial and policy support for harm reduction in the USA, information on the types of workers within organizations who design, implement, and actualize harm reduction services remains nascent. Little is known about how variability in the harm reduction workforce impacts referrals and linkages to other community supports. This exploratory mixed-methods study asked: (1) Who constitutes the harm reduction workforce? (2) Who provides behavioral health services within harm reduction organizations? (3) Are referral services offered and by whom? (4) Do referrals differ by type of harm reduction worker? METHODS: Purposive sampling techniques were used to distribute an electronic survey to U...
February 10, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331789/underreporting-of-non-study-cigarette-use-by-study-participants-confounds-the-interpretation-of-results-from-ambulatory-clinical-trial-of-reduced-nicotine-cigarettes
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingda Zhang, Jingzhu Wang, Jeffery Edmiston
BACKGROUND: As part of its comprehensive plan to significantly reduce the harm from tobacco products, the US Food and Drug Administration is establishing a product standard to lower nicotine in conventional cigarettes to make them "minimally addictive or non-addictive". Many clinical studies have investigated the potential impact of such a standard on smoking behavior and exposure to cigarette constituents. These ambulatory studies required participants who smoke to switch to reduced nicotine study cigarettes...
February 8, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38326826/correction-increasing-access-to-screening-for-blood-borne-viruses-and-sexually-transmissible-infections-for-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-australians-evaluation-of-the-deadly-liver-mob-program-s-cascade-of-care-across-nine-sites-in-new-south-wales-australia
#36
Elena Cama, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Kerri-Anne Smith, Jade Christian, Aunty Clair Jackson, Beverley Tyson, Clayton Anderson, Larissa Smyth, Jennifer Heslop, Gary Gahan, Victor Tawil, Felicity Sheaves, Louise Maher, Julie Page, Donna Tilley, Ann Ryan, Kim Grant, Basil Donovan, Annabelle Stevens, Trevor Slattery, Kate Pearce, Franklin John-Leader, Andrew Walden, Jo Lenton, Margaret Crowley, Carla Treloar
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 7, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321438/challenges-in-legitimizing-further-measures-against-smoking-in-jurisdictions-with-robust-infrastructure-for-tobacco-control-how-far-can-the-authorities-allow-themselves-to-go
#37
LETTER
Karl Erik Lund, Gunnar Saebo
BACKGROUND: According to a recently published study, approximately half of those who currently smoke in Norway have little or no desire to quit despite a hostile regulatory and socio-cultural climate for smoking. On this background, we discuss some challenges that regulators will face in a further tightening of structural measures to curb smoking. MAIN BODY: Central to our discussion is the research literature concerned with the concept of state-paternalism in tobacco control-the line between an ethically justified interference with the freedom of those who smoke and an exaggerated infringement disproportionate to the same people's right to live as they choose...
February 7, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321503/correction-insights-from-the-scale-up-and-implementation-of-the-deadly-liver-mob-program-across-nine-sites-in-new-south-wales-australia-according-to-the-re-aim-framework
#38
Elena Cama, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Melinda Walker, Carla Treloar
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 6, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317194/preference-for-hotline-versus-mobile-application-countdown-based-mobile-overdose-response-services-a-qualitative-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Rioux, Adrian Teare, Nathan Rider, Stephanie Jones, S Monty Ghosh
BACKGROUND: In response to the exacerbated rates of morbidity and mortality associated with the overlapping overdose and COVID-19 epidemics, novel strategies have been developed, implemented, operationalized and scaled to reduce the harms resulting from this crisis. Since the emergence of mobile overdose response services (MORS), two strategies have aimed to help reduce the mortality associated with acute overdose including staffed hotline-based services and unstaffed timer-based services...
February 5, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38311762/balancing-public-health-and-privacy-rights-a-mixed-methods-study-on-disclosure-obligations-of-people-living-with-hiv-to-their-partners-in-china
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziyi Xie, Zhizhuang Duan
BACKGROUND: In 2021, a Chinese court, based on the newly enacted Civil Code, first revoked a marriage license due to the spouse's failure to disclose their HIV infection before the marriage. This landmark case ignited a fresh debate on whether people living with HIV (PLHIV) have a legal duty to inform their spouses and sexual partners. Advances in medicine have partially isolated HIV transmission from sexual contact, extending the legal basis for the obligation to disclose beyond disease prevention...
February 4, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
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