Metabolic Syndrome and related Disorders

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of the real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: A systematic literature search of all relevant studies comparing the clinical effectiveness of rt-CGM and FGM in adults with T1DM on Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2015 to June 2023 was performed. The primary endpoints were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and TIR (time in range)...

Introduction: Shift work disrupts sleep-wake cycles and may lead to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. This study examines the association between shift work and the risks of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and circadian syndrome (CircS) in U.S. workers. Methods: We analyzed data from 4173 participants aged 18 and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005-2010. Shift work status was determined based on work hours, and MetS and CircS were defined using established criteria...

Background: Data on reference values for lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) in the Southeast Asian populations are currently lacking. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the normative values and generate anthropometric prediction models for LM and FM in the Thai population. Methods: Consecutive community-dwelling individuals aged 20-90 years were recruited from Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand, between 2010 and 2015. LM and FM were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Age and sex stratified percentile of LM and FM were presented...

Background: Glucocorticoid metabolites are associated with body composition measures and are altered with weight status. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) results in significant changes in weight and body composition. However, MBS effects on glucocorticoid metabolites are unknown. Objective: To evaluate (i) changes in the cortisol/cortisone ratio in youth with obesity 12 months after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) compared with nonsurgical controls with obesity (NS), and (ii) associations of these changes with body composition changes...

Background: An elevated lipoprotein insulin resistance (LP-IR) score corresponds to insulin resistance in adults with overweight and obesity, yet data are lacking regarding the impact of exercise interventions on LP-IR. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the effects of a weight loss and weight maintenance intervention on LP-IR score in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: Thirty sedentary adults with overweight and obesity completed a 10-week OPTIFAST® weight loss program with supervised aerobic exercise to achieve clinical weight loss (CWL) (≥7% from baseline)...

Lipid disorders are related to the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a nonclassical and once-neglected risk factor for NAFLD, has recently received new attention. In this study, we assessed the relationship between the RC levels and NAFLD risk. We searched across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, with no restrictions on publication languages. Retrospective cohort studies and cross-sectional studies were enrolled from the inception of the databases until August 6, 2023...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children is a rising health issue that is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus development. Low-affinity antibodies reactive to leptin and ghrelin are suggested to regulate hormone stability and function; nevertheless, the role of the leptin/ghrelin axis and antibodies reactive to both hormones in relation to MetS or its components in the pediatric population remains unknown. Methods: Fifty-eight children (7-12 years) were included and categorized according to the presence of one or more criteria for the diagnosis of MetS or according to body mass index...

Background: The relationship between gut microbiota and diabetes-related amino acids significantly impacts insulin resistance and obesity. We aimed to quantify two Bacteroidetes species and their correlation with branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and glutamate in prediabetes (preDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 68 participants, including 21 with T2DM, 23 with preDM, and 24 with normal glycemic tolerance (NGT). The abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction...

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MALFD) is a highly prevalent and progressive disease, strongly related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. It comprises a spectrum of liver pathology from steatosis (fat accumulation in the hepatocytes) to steatosis with inflammation (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis, MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is currently only one medication, resmetirom, US Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of MALFD...

Background: Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare inherited condition due to lipoprotein lipase deficiency, characterized by hyperchylomicronemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia. Diagnosis is often delayed, thus increasing the risk of acute pancreatitis and hospitalization. Hypertriglyceridemia is a common finding in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), who may harbor FCS among the most severe forms. Aim of the Study: We investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia in a range indicative of FCS, in a large population of subjects with T2D...

Liver diseases have a global prevalence of 25%, accounting for 4% of all deaths worldwide, and are associated with a 36% increased risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease constitutes the liver expression of metabolic syndrome and represents the primary type of liver disease. Microscopical analysis of biopsies, which allows the evaluation of a small portion of tissue with inferences made to the entire organ, is considered the gold standard for determining the presence of liver diseases...

Objectives: To investigate the association between the blood concentration of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in local multiethnic residents and the increased risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture population. Methods: A total of 2078 subjects with (study group) or without (control group) MS (1217 Korean-Chinese and 861 Han-Chinese subjects) were included in this study. MS subjects were divided into five groups according to ethnicity and MS components. They were assessed for smoking history, drinking history, past medical history, general demographic characteristics, and LCN2 concentrations...

Background: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of possible sarcopenia and its associated factors among middle-aged Vietnamese women. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 women aged 40-55 years who were admitted to the Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between February and December 2023. The presence of possible sarcopenia was determined according to the AWGS 2019 criteria. Associated factors were dietary intake (total energy, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate intake), the severity of menopausal symptoms by using the Kupperman index, and body composition by using the bioelectrical impedance analysis device, Inbody S10...

Objectives: There are some studies without consensus on the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and few studies among elderly participants; therefore, the aim of this study is evaluating the association between MetS and HRQoL between elderly participants after adjusting for possible confounding factors. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with the data from baseline phase of the IRanian Longitudinal Study on Ageing. The MetS diagnosis was conducted based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines...

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined impact of variations in physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST) on the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: This study was conducted on a cohort of adults from the general population, aged 40-69 years, who participated in the KOGES community-based cohort study over a span of 10 years. Changes in PA and ST were assessed using the results from PA questionnaires completed during baseline and follow-up surveys...

Introduction: Metabolic risk factors significantly elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and are recognized as one of the primary contributors to these conditions. This study explored the trends and percentage changes in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to metabolic risk factors for CVD from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease study was utilized to depict changes across metabolic risk factors by sociodemographic indices and sex groups. The Mann-Kendall test was employed to ascertain the significance of these trends...

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the comprehensive effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the structural integrity of subcortical brain regions and associated structures through high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric analysis, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of the neuroanatomical dimensions of MetS and its potential implications for cognitive functions and overall brain health. Methods: A cross-sectional design was implemented, involving 25 individuals diagnosed with MetS for at least one year and a healthy control group of 15 individuals at a tertiary hospital's family medicine clinic in Eastern Turkey...

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), especially in patients with comorbid diabetes and obesity. This study investigated the effects of GLP-1RAs on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with MASLD, as measured by changes in vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and other clinical parameters in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective analysis of 96 patients with MASLD from a multidisciplinary care clinic who completed VCTE at baseline and follow-up within 6-24 months to compare changes in controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), as well as other metabolic markers, between GLP-1RA users and nonusers using two-sample t -tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests...

Objective: Screen time (ST) has shown negative effects on physical and mental health, with an increase in the prevalence of overweight, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and obesity. The time spent in front of the screens was also associated with higher odds of selecting indicators of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. In view of this, the aim of this study was to identify the risk of MetS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in healthy young males and relate it to ST and sleep time. Methods: We evaluated physical and laboratory characteristics, dichotomous diagnosis criteria, and continuous scores to assess MetS and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire to measure the T2DM risk...

Background: Oxidative stress and inflammation are the key features of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, studies that explored redox homeostasis parameters in relation to T2D show discrepant results. Accordingly, we aimed to examine the potential reliability of oxidative stress biomarkers [ i.e., determined by malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and catalase (CAT)] in addition to traditional cardiometabolic parameters in relation to T2D in female cohort...