Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine

The effects of environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on embryonic neural stem cells have not been determined, particularly at the proteomic level. This study aims to elucidate the effects of environmental levels of RF-EMF radiation on embryonic neural stem cells. Neuroectodermal stem cells (NE-4C cells) were randomly divided into a sham group and an RF group, which were sham-exposed and continuously exposed to a 1950 MHz RF-EMF at 2 W/kg for 48 h. After exposure, cell proliferation was determined by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry, protein abundance was detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)...

In recent years, the interactions of metal objects in human body with electromagnetic fields caused by devices working at fifth-generation (5G) frequencies have been studied by various researchers. A motivation behind this research was to evaluate the human body absorption of electromagnetic energy operating at sub-6 GHz 5G applications. According to this, the specific absorption rate (SAR) caused by new generation mobile phones was investigated in human heads wearing metal-framed spectacles and having metallic implants or earrings to analyse electromagnetic field exposure...

Staphylococcus aureus is the cause of many infectious and inflammatory diseases and a lot of studies aim to discover alternative ways for infection control and treatment rather than antibiotics. This work attempts to reduce bacterial activity and growth characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus using nanoparticles (iron oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles) and extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EF). Bacterial suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus were used to prepare the samples, which were evenly divided into groups...

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Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) mediated microwave ablation has the great potential at present to address challenges associated with treatment planning such as maximum heat generation in the vicinity of targeted tissues in lesser penetration time. Further, the antenna applicators injected in human phantom must be rigid and thin. The derivative-free optimization algorithms are carried out for optimum design of monopole, slot, dipole, and tapered slot antenna applicators for ablation of tumour tissues invasively...

The goal of this study was to biomechanically and morphologically research both the impact of mobile phone like radiofrequency radiations (RFR) on the tibia and the effects on skeletal muscle through oxidative stress parameters. Fifty-six rats (200-250 g) were put into groups: healthy sham (n = 7), healthy RFR (900, 1800, 2100 MHz) (n = 21), diabetic sham (n = 7) and diabetic RFR (900, 1800, 2100 MHz) (n = 21). Over a month, each group spent two hours/day in a Plexiglas carousel...

In humans, exposure to electromagnetic millimeter waves (MMW) has a hypoalgesic effect. In animals, this effect has been shown to depend on innervation density of the area exposed. This study aims to assess hypoalgesic and parasympathetic effects of MMW applied on the palmar side of the wrist in healthy participants. In a within-subject design, 10 healthy participants had the palmar side of their wrist exposed to MMW (61.25 GHz, 17 mW/cm2 ) for 30 minutes, 1 h, & 1 h30, and 30 minutes of sham exposure...

EMulate Therapeutics, Inc. (EMTx) has developed a technology to deliver time-varying magnetic fields as WAV files, emitted in the extremely low through the low spectrum of radio frequencies (DC to 22 kHz), that can be applied to regulate pain sensation. These low power fields (~30-70 milli-Gauss AC RMS) are delivered via a portable, light-weight wearable device (Voyager). A contract third-party animal research organization (ANS Biotech, S.A.) specializing in validated rat pain models, ran the studies independently of the authors...

This work explores fluctuations of potentiometric pH dynamics in environments with different configurations of geomagnetic fields. High-resolution pH measurements of test liquids are conducted in electromagnetically shielded and thermally stabilized conditions. External measurement environment in two laboratories is modulated by non-conducting/non-magnetic objects of organic and inorganic origins. Totally, 88 experiments in three groups have been conducted during 4 months. The affected pH dynamics at the level of 10-2 -10-5 pH is detected in 93...

This work examines (a) the impact of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on heart rate variability (HRV), saliva cortisol, arterial blood oxygenation, and tympanic temperature, and (b) the potential effect of protective devices developed to counter EMF-induced stress. In a pilot study, recordings were taken during a 15-min mobile phone call emitting a high burden of EMF (electric, magnetic, high frequency) after a baseline measurement at rest with very low EMF. In a second visit, this was repeated with participants using three protective devices (insoles, pendant, mobile phone chip)...

The effects of thermotherapy on autonomic nervous system activity and subjective sensations of fatigue and arousal are unclear. This study compared the effects of capacitive and resistive electric transfer (Cret) interventions (deep thermotherapy) and hot packs (superficial thermotherapy) on autonomic nervous system activity in healthy young women (n = 16). Heart rate and RR interval were measured using electrocardiography, and the coefficient of variation (CV) of the RR interval was used to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity...

This study aims to determine whether exposure to non-ionizing radiofrequency fields could induce an adaptive response (AR) in adult mice and to reveal potential molecular mechanisms triggered by RF-induced AR. The study was performed on 24 adult male Swiss-Albino mice. The average mass of the mice was 37 g. Four groups of adult mice, each consisting of 6, were formed. The radiofrequency group (R) and the adaptive response group (RB) were exposed to 900 MHz of global system for mobile communications (GSM) signal at 0...

We recently reported shrinkage of untreatable recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) in an end-stage patient using noninvasive brain stimulation with a spinning oscillating magnetic field (sOMF)-generating device called the Oncomagnetic device. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated selective cancer cell death while sparing normal cells by sOMF-induced increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels due to magnetic perturbation of mitochondrial electron transport. Here, we describe the results of an in vivo study assessing the toxicity of chronic sOMF stimulation in mice using a newly constructed apparatus comprised of the sOMF-generating active components of the Oncomagnetic device...

The presence of technological devices in our lives has increased exposure to environmental electromagnetic fields. As a result of this, especially Cancer and Diabetes are increasing.Rats were divided into 3 groups with 12 rats in each group. The 1st experimental group (n = 12) was exposed to a 50 Hz ELF magnetic field of 0.4 mT for 6 hours a day for 5 days, the 2nd experimental group (n = 12) was exposed for 10 days, and the control group (n = 12) was never exposed to a magnetic field. After completing the applications, blood collection from the rats was performed under appropriate conditions, measurements were made in the laboratory, and statistical analysis was performed between the groups...

The primary purpose of cancer treatment with irreversible electroporation (IRE) is to maximize tumor damage and minimize surrounding healthy tissue damage. Finite element analysis is one of the popular ways to calculate electric field and cell kill probability in IRE. However, this method also has limitations. This paper will focus on using a deep neural network (DNN) in IRE to predict irreversible electroporated regions for treatment planning purposes. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the IRE. The electric conductivity change during IRE was considered to create accurate data sets of electric field distribution and cell kill probability distributions...

Radiofrequency radiation (RFR) as an environmental and physical pollutant may induce vulnerability to toxicity and disturb fetal development. Therefore, the potential health effects of short-term mobile phone like RFR exposure (GSM 1800 MHz; 14 V/m, 2 mW/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) during 15 min/day for a week) during pregnancy and also the development of fetuses were investigated. Hepatic glucose regulation and glutathione-dependent enzymes' capacities were biochemically analyzed in adult (female) and pregnant New Zealand White rabbits...

Previous studies reported that combined effect of magnetic field (MF) on cytotoxic drugs in human cancer cells. We focused on the effects of 60 Hz MF on drug activity in human uterine sarcoma MES-SA and drug-resistant variant MES-SA/Dx5 cells that overexpressed the membrane protein MDR1(P-glycoprotein), a drug efflux transporter for doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and etoposide, but not cisplatin. The cisplatin with MF caused 60% decrease in cell viability when compared with no MF treatment, cisplatin alone in MES-SA cells...

The present study aimed to assess the effect of the rTMS (repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) intensity on the permeability of the BBB for brain-targeted drug delivery. For this purpose, different rTMS intensities including 70%, 100%, and 130% of Resting Motor Threshold (RMT) assessed in three groups of rats (three groups of 5 rats). Stimulation applied over the right hemisphere of the animals. The first phase of the study was composed of intravenous administration of Evans Blue Dye (EBD), rTMS stimulation and EBD uptake measurement in both brain hemispheres...

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on apoptotic and antiapoptotic factors under different exposure conditions in human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). We analyzed the effects of 2.5 GHz continuous wave and 3 GPP modulated radiofrequency radiation exposure (15 min on, 15 min off) for 1 h and (1 h on, 1 h off) for 3 hours on Caco-2 cell lines. The cell viability of Caco-2 cells was determined by XTT method. Then, the cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the effects on apoptosis staining with AnnexinV-FITC and PI...

Many different pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) devises have been clinically used to stimulate healing processes, but many procedures are still without supporting basic research data. The aim of this study was to investigate a new modified pulsed electromagnetic field therapy: electromagnetic transduction therapy (EMTT). EMTT is technically based on high-intensive PEMFs with a magnetic field strength between 80 and 150 mT. The effect of EMTT for a 10-min session three times a week on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was evaluated by assessing cell viability, gene expression of bone regenerative factors and VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor) secretion after 7 and 14 days of treatment...