Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP

UNLABELLED: Objective: The three steps of brain image processing - preprocessing, segmentation, and classification are becoming increasingly important in patient care. The aim of this article is to present a proposed method in the mentioned three-steps, with emphasis on the preprocessing step, which includes noise removal and contrast enhancement. Methods: The fast and adaptive bidimensional empirical mode decomposition and the anisotropic diffusion equation as well as the modified combination of top-hat and bottom-hat transforms are used for noise reduction and contrast enhancement...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze CD 133 stem cell biomarker levels in serum and bronchial lavage, as well as correlate these levels with treatment responses and outcomes in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study that analyzed data from NSCLC patients and control at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. CD 133 levels in serum and bronchial lavages were quantified using ELISA and correlated with treatment responses assessed by RECIST 1...

BACKGROUND: Water-pipe smoking, popularly known as "hookah" or "shisha," is a widespread social activity in the Middle East, involving the use of a water-filtered device to vaporize flavored tobacco. A concerning trend has emerged as individuals add various drugs to the tobacco mixture, complicating the health implications. AIMS: This study aimed to explore the prevalence, demographic factors, and motivations behind drug mixing with tobacco in shisha among university students in Jordan...

BACKGROUND: In the context of left breast cancer radiotherapy, long term cardiopulmonary toxicity has been well-documented, significant efforts have been undertaken to mitigate such toxicity by using 4D gating, deep inspiration breath-hold(DIBH) and active breath control(ABC) techniques. PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the cardio-pulmonary radiation doses incurred during postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in two distinct breathing conditions such as DIBH and Free Breathing (FB), with a specific focus on the left chest wall with comprehensive regional nodal irradiation...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess linagliptin's inhibitory effects on the proliferation of cervical cancer cell lines and investigate its potential for targeting human heat shock protein 90. METHODS: Linagliptin's cytotoxicity was assessed on a cervical cancer cell line (Hela cancer cell line) at two different incubation periods, 24 and 72 hours. The molecular docking between linagliptin and the receptor protein human Hsp 90 (PDB code: 5XRE) was performed using the Biovia Discovery Studio and AutoDock tool software...

OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to establish a standardized methodology for selecting "reference" and "evaluated" distributions in gamma analysis for Monte Carlo (MC) based intensity modulated treatment plans. Evaluation of importance of reference selection in MC based and non MC based treatment planning systems were analysed using a study classification. METHODS: Three categories were utilized to analyzed gamma passing rates across using different treatment planning systems (TPS) and detectors for thirty five patients...

INTRODUCTION: Depression and anxiety are common among breast cancer patients, due to the ongoing mental distress during illness. This study examines the impact of family support on depression and anxiety changes in Jordanian women undergoing mastectomy and reconstruction surgery. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the effect between family support and depression/anxiety levels in women post-mastectomy in Jordan. Participants included breast cancer patients who had undergone mastectomy surgery, meeting specified inclusion criteria...

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that local recurrence after radiotherapy often occurs within the dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) in prostate cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the dose difference between DILs defined by Magnetic Resonance-guided and arc-based Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and to assess the association between the dose difference and biochemical recurrence-free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2015 and 2019, 48 prostate cancer patients with DILs visible from multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) underwent arc-based IMRT with 70 Gy (2...

INTRODUCTION: Nausea and vomiting are distressing symptoms experienced by cancer patients undergoing treatment, impacting their physical well-being and quality of life. Serotonin, a neurotransmitter known for its role in regulating mood and gastrointestinal function, has been implicated in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This study aimed to investigate serotonin level differences between CINV and non-CINV groups among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: An analytical observational investigation utilizing a cross-sectional design was conducted at Dr...

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second cause of death worldwide. The drug often used for chemotherapy is cisplatin. However, the drug cisplatin has a number of problems, including lack of selectivity, undesirable side effects, resistance, and toxicity in the body. So research is carried out on new drug compounds with low toxicity by designing in silico with molecular docking. METHODS: Mn(II) Cysteine-Tyrosine dithiocarbamate is a new complex molecule whose research involves several steps, such as in-silico molecular docking testing with target proteins, ADMET then synthesis, characterization and in-vitro MCF-7 cells for anticancer drugs...

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to analyze the incidence of kidney cancer over a 15-year period, considering factors such as stage, age, sex, and morphological verification in the regional context in Kazakhstan. METHODS: The retrospective study was done using descriptive and analytical methods of oncoepidemiology. The extensive, crude and age-specific incidence rates are determined according to the generally accepted methodology used in sanitary statistics. The data were used to calculate the average percentage change (APС) using the Joinpoint regression analysis to determine the trend over the study period...

OBJECTIVE: To study the kinetics of blood count nadir and time to recovery and find its association with clinical outcomes in a cohort of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). METHODS: Data from 243 cases treated between January 2018 to December 2020 was retrospectively analysed. Along with baseline data, serial measures of peripheral blood counts, nadir, and time to partial and complete recovery of counts during course of induction chemotherapy were recorded. Post-induction Complete Remission (CR) status, Event-Free Survival (EFS) , and Overall Survival (OS) were recorded as clinical outcomes for analysis...

BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is ranked as the predominant type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, comprising roughly 90% of all oral cancer cases. Natural products have proven to be highly valuable as complementary, or adjunctive in the treatment of cancer. Piperine, a natural compound derived from Piper nigrum, demonstrates anti-proliferative and anti-neoplastic effects across various types of cancer. This study focused on assessing the cytotoxic effect of piperine in conjunction with cisplatin within the OSCC cell line...

INTRODUCTION: One of the most vexing challenges to public health today is the menace of tobacco. Despite the large body of evidence indicating the vast scale of health hazards, tobacco use continues to be a major cause of preventable death. This study was conducted with the objective of quantifying the progress and challenges of the tobacco control policy of India. METHODS: The Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) was used, which has a maximum score of 100 and assesses nine components including, price of cigarettes, smoke-free public and work places, spending on public information campaigns, comprehensive bans on advertising and promotion, large pictorial health warning labels, treatment to help smokers stop, illicit tobacco trade, tobacco industry interference and ratification of the WHO FCTC...

BACKGROUND: HER2-positive male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare condition that has a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram model for predicting the prognosis of HER2-positive MBC patients. METHODS: 240 HER2-positive MBC patients from 2004 to 2015 were retrieved from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. All HER2-positive MBC patients were divided randomly into training (n = 144) and validation cohorts (n = 96) according to a ratio of 6:4...

OBJECTIVE: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive from of breast cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Tumor microenvironment of breast cancer consists of a wide   range of cell types, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Accumulating evidence indicate that TILs play a crucial role in cancer progression and resistance to standard chemotherapy. METHOD: We used online computational tools to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD247 and CD4 in TNBC...

INTRODUCTION: Crocin and Crocetin are compounds that have shown promising therapeutic potentials in various medical contexts. To date, the effect of crocin and crocetin on the expression level of miRNA-16-1 in Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)-induced lymphoma has not been investigated. This research delved into a comparative analysis of the cytotoxic effects of crocin and crocetin compared to cyclophosphamide, the main drug used in the treatment of lymphoma and PTLD, on B-cell lymphoma infected with EBV (cell line CO 88BV59-1)...

UNLABELLED: Backgroundsː The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of gemcitabine as a treatment option for patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who had previously experienced failure with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy in the last year. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 28 patients with recurrent NMIBC after previous intravesical treatment in the last year who declined or were unsuitable for cystectomy between 2021 and 2023...

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is a global health concern, with millions of cases reported annually worldwide, making it the most common cancer among women. In India, the incidence of breast cancer has been steadily rising, reflecting a growing public health challenge and hence in the development of new drug moieties. Toxicity analysis of such novel drug candidates play a critical role in drug development, ensuring the safety and efficacy of potential therapeutics. Animal models, especially mice and zebrafish in the recent days, have been extensively used for toxicity evaluation owing to their physiological and genetic similarities to humans...

PURPOSE: Breast cancer is a prevalent global cancer and a leading cause of mortality in developed countries. In 2015, Iran introduced the Package of Essential Noncommunicable Diseases (IraPEN) as a pilot project to tackle prevalent noncommunicable diseases, including breast cancer. However, there is limited research evaluating the implementation, costs, and outcomes of breast cancer screening within IraPEN. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the costs and outcomes of the clinical breast examination screening program in Isfahan from 2017 to 2020...