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American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518074/is-the-current-definition-of-ventilation-congruent-with-the-alveolar-gas-exchange
#21
LETTER
Maria Pia Francescato, Valentina Cettolo
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 1, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518073/reply-to-francescato-and-cettolo
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Girardi, Chiara Gattoni, William W Stringer, Harry B Rossiter, Richard Casaburi, Carrie Ferguson, Carlo Capelli
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 1, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189165/combined-effects-of-mild-hypothermia-and-nitrous-oxide-induced-narcosis-on-manual-and-cognitive-performance
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maaike I Moes, Antonis Elia, Mikael Gennser, Michail E Keramidas
Divers are at enhanced risk of suffering from acute cognitive deterioration because of the low ambient temperatures and the narcotic action of inert gases inspired at high pressures. Yet, the behavioral effects of cold and inert gas narcosis have commonly been assessed in isolation and during short-term provocations. We therefore evaluated the interactive influence of mild hypothermia and narcosis engendered by a subanesthetic dose of nitrous oxide (N2 O; a normobaric intervention analog of hyperbaric nitrogen) on cognitive function during prolonged iterative exposure...
March 1, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145292/-expression-of-prolyl-hydroxylase-domains-phds-the-upstream-regulator-of-hif-in-the-brain-of-the-anoxia-tolerant-crucian-carp-during-anoxia-reoxygenation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucie Gerber, Julien Resseguier, Tellef Helle-Valle, Elie Farhat, Göran Erik Nilsson, Sjannie Lefevre
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is considered key in the transcriptional response to low oxygen. Yet, HIF's role in absence of oxygen (anoxia) and in preparation for reoxygenation remains unclear. Recent studies suggest that mounting a HIF response may be counterproductive for anoxia survival. We here studied the champion of anoxia survival, the crucian carp ( Carassius carassius ), and hypothesized that expression of prolyl hydroxylase domains, PHDs (the upstream regulators of HIF), are upregulated to circumvent an energy-costly activation of HIF in anoxia and to prepare for reoxygenation...
December 25, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145291/editorial-for-call-for-papers-cardiovascular-regulation-during-exercise-role-of-biological-sex-and-consequences-of-aging
#25
EDITORIAL
Audrey J Stone, Ann-Katrin Grotle, Nina S Stachenfeld
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 25, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38105763/facial-fanning-reduces-heart-rate-but-not-tolerance-to-a-simulated-hemorrhagic-challenge-following-exercise-heat-stress-in-young-healthy-humans
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica Tourula, Miramani Lenzini, Addison Rhodes, Sarah E Hetz, James Pearson
We investigated whether reducing face skin temperature alters arterial blood pressure control and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) tolerance after exercise heat stress. Eight subjects (1 female; age, 27 ± 9 years) exercised at ~63% VO2max until core temperature had increased ~1.5°C before undergoing LBNP to pre syncope either with fanning to return face skin temperature to baseline (∆-5°C, Fan trial) or without (No Fan trial). LBNP tolerance was quantified as cumulative stress index (CSI; mmHg*min)...
December 18, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38105762/molecular-basis-of-the-unique-osmoregulatory-strategy-in-the-inshore-hagfish-eptatretus-burgeri
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoko Yamaguchi, Kiriko Ikeba, Masa-Aki Yoshida, Wataru Takagi
Hagfishes are characterized by omo- and iono-conforming nature similar to marine invertebrates. Conventionally, hagfishes had been recognized as the most primitive living vertebrate that retains plesiomorphic features. However, some of the "ancestral" features of hagfishes, such as rudimentary eyes and the lack of vertebrae, have been proven to be deceptive. Similarly, by the principle of maximum parsimony, the unique body fluid regulatory strategy of hagfishes seems to be apomorphic, since the lamprey, another cyclostome, adopts osmo- and iono-regulatory mechanisms as in jawed vertebrates...
December 18, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38105761/cck-sensitive-c-fibers-activate-nts-leptin-receptor-expressing-neurons-via-nmda-receptors
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Drew Mackenzie Neyens, Lynne Anne Brenner, Rowan J Calkins, Eric Thomas Winzenried, Robert C Ritter, Suzanne M Appleyard
The hormone leptin reduces food intake through actions in the peripheral and central nervous system, including in the hindbrain nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). The NTS receives viscerosensory information via vagal afferents, including information from the gastrointestinal tract, which is then relayed to other CNS sites critical for control of food intake. Leptin receptors (lepRs) are expressed by a subpopulation of NTS neurons, and knockdown of these receptors increases both food intake and body weight...
December 18, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047317/senescent-hearts-from-male-ts65dn-mice-exhibit-preserved-function-but-altered-size-and-nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-pathway-signaling
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josef Brandauer, Candace N Receno, Cynthia Anyaoku, Lauren E Cooke, Hannalyn M Schwarzer, Keith C DeRuisseau, Caitlin Cunningham, Lara R DeRuisseau
Down syndrome (Ds) is associated with congenital heart defects at birth, but cardiac function has not been assessed at older ages. We used the Ts65Dn mouse, a model of Ds, to quantify heart structure and function with echocardiography in 18-month male Ts65Dn and WT mice. Heart weight, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) signaling, and mitochondrial (citrate synthase) activity were investigated, as these pathways may be implicated in the cardiac pathology of Ds. The left ventricle was smaller in Ts65Dn vs WT, as well as the anterior wall thickness of the left ventricle during both diastole (LVAW_d; mm) and systole (LVAW_s; mm) as assessed by echocardiography...
December 4, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047316/exertional-heat-stroke-causes-long-term-skeletal-muscle-epigenetic-reprogramming-altered-gene-expression-and-impaired-satellite-cell-function-in-mice
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin O Murray, Jason O Brant, Ray A Spradlin, Trace Thome, Orlando Laitano, Terence E Ryan, Alberto Riva, Michael P Kladde, Thomas L Clanton
The effect of exertional heat stroke (EHS) exposure on skeletal muscles is incompletely understood. Muscle weakness is an early symptom of EHS but is not considered a major target of multiorgan injury. Previously, in a preclinical mouse model of EHS, we observed vulnerability of limb muscles to a second EHS exposure, suggesting hidden processes contributing to declines in muscle resilience. Here, we evaluated possible molecular origins of EHS-induced declines in muscle resilience. Female C57BL/6 mice [total n =56; 28/condition, i...
December 4, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047315/intermittent-normobaric-hypoxia-alters-substrate-partitioning-and-muscle-oxygenation-in-obese-individuals-implications-for-fat-burning
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillaume Costalat, Frédéric Lemaître, Sandra Ramos, Gillian M C Renshaw
This single-blind, crossover study aimed to measure and evaluate the short-term metabolic responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxic patterns in individuals with obesity. Indirect calorimetry was used to quantify changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR), carbohydrate (CHOox , %CHO) and fat oxidation (FATox , %FAT) in nine individuals with obesity pre- and post-: (i) breathing normoxic air [normoxic sham control (NS-control)]; (ii) breathing continuous hypoxia (CH); or (iii) breathing intermittent hypoxia (IH)...
December 4, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047314/input-size-dependence-of-the-baroreflex-neural-arc-transfer-characteristics-during-gaussian-white-noise-inputs
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toru Kawada, Tadayoshi Miyamoto, Masafumi Fukumitsu, Keita Saku
Although Gaussian white noise (GWN) inputs offer a theoretical framework for identifying higher-order nonlinearity, an actual application to the data of the neural arc of the carotid sinus baroreflex did not succeed in fully predicting the well-known sigmoidal nonlinearity. In the present study, we assumed that the neural arc can be approximated by a cascade of a linear dynamic (LD) component and a nonlinear static (NS) component. We analyzed the data obtained using GWN inputs with a mean of 120 mmHg and standard deviations (SDs) of 10, 20, and 30 mmHg for 15 min each in anesthetized rats (n = 7)...
December 4, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38014897/corrigendum-for-fan-et-al-volume-322-2022-p-r445-r453
#33
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 1, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37842742/effect-of-heat-stress-on-heat-shock-protein-expression-and-hypertrophy-related-signaling-in-the-skeletal-muscle-of-trained-individuals
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary J Fennel, Jeremy B Ducharme, Quint N Berkemeier, Jonathan W Specht, Zachary J McKenna, Shandy E Simpson, Roberto C Nava, Kurt A Escobar, Paul S Hafen, Michael R Deyhle, Fabiano T Amorim, Christine M Mermier
Muscle mass is balanced between hypertrophy and atrophy by cellular processes, including activation of the protein kinase B-mechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt-mTOR) signaling cascade. Stressors apart from exercise and nutrition, such as heat stress, can stimulate the heat shock protein A (HSPA) and C (HSPC) families alongside hypertrophic signaling factors and muscle growth. The effects of heat stress on HSP expression and Akt-mTOR activation in human skeletal muscle and their magnitude of activation compared with known hypertrophic stimuli are unclear...
December 1, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38009212/muscle-metaboreflex-stimulates-the-cardiac-sympathetic-afferent-reflex-causing-positive-feedback-amplification-of-sympathetic-activity-effect-of-heart-failure
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Mannozzi, Danielle Senador, Jasdeep Kaur, Matthew Gross, Megan McNitt, Alberto Alvarez, Beruk Lessanework, Donal S O'Leary
Exercise intolerance is a hallmark symptom of heart failure and to a large extent stems from reductions in cardiac output that occur due to the inherent ventricular dysfunction coupled with enhanced muscle metaboreflex-induced functional coronary vasoconstriction which limits increases in coronary blood flow. This creates a further mismatch between O2 delivery and O2 demand which may activate the Cardiac Sympathetic Afferent Reflex (CSAR) causing amplification of the already increased sympathetic activity in a positive-feedback fashion...
November 27, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38009211/differences-in-the-range-of-thermoneutral-zone-between-mouse-strains-potential-effects-on-translational-research
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrzej K Gębczyński, Julita Sadowska, Marek Konarzewski
Laboratory mice are commonly used for studies emulating human metabolism. To render human energetics, their ratio of daily (DEE) to basal (BMR) energy expenditure of 1.7-1.8 should be maintained. However, the DEE/BMR ratio strongly depends on whether a given study utilizing a mouse model is carried out above, or below the lower critical temperature (LCT) of the thermoneutral zone, which is rarely considered in translational research. Here, we used mice artificially selected for high or low rates of BMR along with literature data to analyse the effect of ambient temperature on possible systematic bias in DEE/BMR...
November 27, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37982188/relationship-between-red-blood-cell-lifespan-and-endogenous-carbon-monoxide-in-the-common-bottlenose-dolphin-and-beluga
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna B Pearson, Luis A Hückstädt, Stephen T Kinsey, Todd L Schmitt, Todd R Robeck, Judy St Leger, Paul J Ponganis, Michael S Tift
Certain deep-diving marine mammals (i.e., northern elephant seal ( Mirounga angustirosis ), Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii )) have blood carbon monoxide (CO) levels that are comparable to those of chronic cigarette smokers. Most CO produced in humans is a by-product of heme degradation, which is released when red blood cells (RBC) are destroyed. Elevated CO can occur in humans when RBC lifespan decreases. The contribution of RBC turnover to CO concentrations in marine mammals is unknown. Here, we report the first RBC lifespans in two healthy, marine mammal species with different diving capacities and heme stores, the shallow diving bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus ) and deep-diving beluga ( Delphinapterus leucas ), and relate the lifespans to the levels of CO in blood and breath...
November 20, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37955132/dose-dependent-non-thermal-modulation-of-whole-body-heat-exchange-during-dynamic-exercise-in-humans
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sean R Notley, Ashley P Akerman, Andrew W D'Souza, Robert D Meade, Emma R McCourt, James J McCormick, Glen P Kenny
To maintain heat balance during exercise, humans rely on skin blood flow and sweating to facilitate whole-body dry and evaporative heat exchange. These responses are modulated by the rise in body temperature (thermal factors), as well as several non-thermal factors implicated in the cardiovascular response to exercise (i.e., central command, mechanoreceptors, metaboreceptors). However, the way these non-thermal factors interact with thermal factors to maintain heat balance remains poorly understood. We therefore used direct calorimetry to quantify the effects of dose-dependent increases in the activation of these non-thermal stimuli on whole-body dry and evaporative heat exchange during dynamic exercise...
November 13, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37955131/post-contraction-acetylcarnitine-reflects-inter-individual-variation-in-skeletal-muscle-atp-production-patterns-in-vivo
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher M T Hayden, Rajakumar Nagarajan, Zoe H Smith, Samantha Gilmore, Jane A Kent
In addition to its role in substrate selection (carbohydrate vs. fat) for oxidative metabolism in muscle, acetylcarnitine production may be an important modulator of the energetic pathway by which ATP is produced. A combination of noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of cytosolic acetylcarnitine and ATP production pathways was used to investigate the link between [acetylcarnitine] and energy production in vivo . Intracellular metabolites were measured in the vastus lateralis muscle of 8 males (mean 28...
November 13, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37955130/the-intensity-dependent-effects-of-exercise-and-superimposing-environmental-heat-stress-on-autophagy-in-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-from-older-men
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James J McCormick, Morgan K McManus, Kelli E King, Nicholas Goulet, Glen P Kenny
Autophagy is a vital cellular process, essential to maintaining cellular function during acute physiological stressors including exercise and heat stress. We previously showed that autophagy occurs during exercise in an intensity-dependent manner in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from young men, with elevated responses in the heat. However, given autophagy declines with age, it is unclear whether a similar pattern of response occurs in older adults. Therefore, we evaluated autophagy and the cellular stress response (i...
November 13, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
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