Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging

BACKGROUND: APOE-e4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. However, the influence of APOE-e4 on dietary fat intake and cognition has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We aim to examine the association of types of dietary fat and their association to cognitive decline among those with and without the APOE-e4 allele. METHODS: The study included 3,360 Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) participants from four Southside Chicago communities...

Iron plays a crucial role in many physiological processes, including oxygen transport, bioenergetics, and immune function. Iron is assimilated from food and also recycled from senescent red blood cells. Iron exists in two dietary forms: heme (animal based) and non-heme (mostly plant based). The body uses iron for metabolic purposes, and stores the excess mainly in splenic and hepatic macrophages. Physiologically, iron excretion in humans is inefficient and not highly regulated, so regulation of intestinal absorption maintains iron homeostasis...

Masticatory function is associated with a variety of health outcomes. The aim of this systematic review is to clarify the predictive value of masticatory function for adverse health outcomes, such as frailty, sarcopenia and malnutrition, in older adults. An online literature search covered articles published in English or Dutch in three databases (PubMed, Embase and CINAHL, last searched November 4th 2022). Inclusion criteria were: an observational study design, focus on adults aged ≥65 years and evaluation of the association between masticatory function and health outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prognostic role of frailty in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by conducting this systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS: We conducted an extensive literature search on PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Embase databases to identify studies that reported the association of frailty with postoperative complications, reintervention, or all-cause mortality in patients with AAA after surgery. Short-term mortality was defined by a combination of in-hospital and 30-day death...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the synergist effects of exercise and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on disability, cognitive and physical function, and muscle power in institutionalized older people. DESIGN: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two institutionalized older adults (age = 83 ± 10 years old; 63% women) were randomized in four groups: exercise plus placebo (EX), HMB supplementation, EX plus HMB supplementation (EX + HMB), and control (CT)...

BACKGROUND: Although intrinsic capacity (IC) has been constructed in older populations, whether IC retains the same structure over time has not been formally examined, nor have the factors associated with the changes in IC over time been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to establish that the structure of IC remains unchanged over time by testing its longitudinal measurement invariance and to investigate factors that influence the longitudinal change of IC over time. METHODS: Data came from 7,271 participants aged 60 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011 (Wave 1) and 2015 (Wave 3)...

OBJECTIVES: The association between blood pressure and frailty outcome in the middle-aged and older population remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the relationship between trajectories of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and new-onset frailty. DESIGN: Cohort study with a 7-year follow-up. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were derived from 4 waves (2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and 6168 participants aged ≥45 years were included in the study...

OBJECTIVES: We compared the effect of 12 weeks lesser mealworm-based (Alphitobius diaperinus) protein supplementation to whey protein and placebo supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage (EIMD) after long-distance walking in older adults. METHODS: in this randomized controlled trial, 70 physically active older adults (>60 years) were randomly allocated to the following groups: I) lesser mealworm protein, II) whey protein or III) iso-caloric placebo. Participants received supplements 11 weeks before and 1 week during a 3-day long-distance walking challenge (30-50 km per day)...

BACKGROUND: The modified Rankin scale (mRS) is extensively used for premorbid evaluation in patients with stroke; however, its limited capacity to assess functional status highlights the need for additional indicators such as frailty. AIMS: This study aimed to assess the impact of the premorbid mRS score and frailty on daily living (ADL) activities at hospital discharge, focusing on varying stroke severities. METHODS: This single-centre, prospective cohort study included patients with acute stroke aged ≥60 years...

OBJECTIVES: Age-related loss in muscle and cognitive function is common in older adults. Numerous studies have suggested that inflammation contributes to the decline in physical performance and increased frailty in older adults. We sought to investigate the relationship of inflammatory markers, including CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2, with muscle and cognitive function in frail early-aging and non-frail late-aging older adults. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study...

OBJECTIVES: Hypertension, a key contributor to mortality, is impacted by biological aging. We investigated the relationship between novel biological aging metrics - Phenotypic Age (PA) and Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PAA) - and mortality in individuals with hypertension, exploring the mediating effects of arterial stiffness (estimated Pulse Wave Velocity, ePWV), and Heart/Vascular Age (HVA). METHODS: Using data from 62,160 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants (1999-2010), we selected 4,228 individuals with hypertension and computed PA, PAA, HVA, and ePWV...

OBJECTIVES: Change in body weight during the COVID-19 pandemic as an unintended side effect of lockdown measures has been predominantly reported for younger and middle-aged adults. However, information on older adults for which weight loss is known to result in adverse outcomes, is scarce. In this study we describe the body weight change in older adults before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown measures and explore putative associated factors with a focus on the period that includes the first six months of the COVID-19 containment measures...

OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D is involved in brain health and function. Our objective was to determine whether vitamin D deficiency was associated with behavioral disorders in geriatric patients. DESIGN: The observational cross-sectional CLIP (Cognition and LIPophilic vitamins) study. The report followed the STROBE statement. SETTING: Geriatric acute care unit in a tertiary university hospital in France for 3 months at the end of winter and beginning of spring...

OBJECTIVE: Diets rich in live microbes can bring various health benefits. However, the association between dietary live microbe intake and frailty has not been studied. METHODS: The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. A total of 11,529 participants were included. Sanders et al. classified the level of live microbes in foods into low (<104 CFU/g), medium (104 -107 CFU/g), or high (>107 CFU/g). With the methodology of Sanders et al...

OBJECTIVES: Iron is important for neurogenesis, synaptic development, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Serum ferritin (SF) is a reliable marker for assessing iron stores. Therefore, we evaluated the cognitive function associated with SF levels. We also assessed brain iron content using R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and its association with SF levels. DESIGN: Data from three cross-sectional observational studies were used. Aging Imageomics (n = 1030) was conducted on aged subjects...

BACKGROUND: Participating in physical activity programmes is one way to optimise wellbeing and quality of life in older adults. Mind-body exercises could provide greater benefits than other forms of traditional physical activity and can be easily adapted for older people who are starting to develop functional decline. OBJECTIVES: To synthesise the literature looking at the effects of adapted mind-body interventions on older people. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on articles from Web of Science, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, AMED and CINAHL that were searched up to 13 September 2023...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the associations between different types of meat consumption and mortality risk among people with frailty. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We included 19,913 physically frail participants from the UK Biobank. MEASUREMENTS: We used the validated brief food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure meat consumption. Baseline diet data from 2006 to 2010 were collected, and participants were followed up until March 23, 2021...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to comprehensively analyze the effects of whey protein (WP)-enriched supplement intake with or without resistance training (RT) in older patients, either from the community or hospital, who were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP or AWGS criteria. METHODS: This meta-analysis study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023407885). We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for RCTs up to June 1, 2023...

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the ability of eight nutrition-related tools to predict 1-year mortality in older patients with cancer. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We studied older patients with cancer from the ELCAPA cohort and who had been referred for a geriatric assessment at one of 14 participating geriatric oncology clinics in the greater Paris area of France between 2007 and 2018. MEASUREMENTS: The studied nutrition-related tools/markers were the body mass index (BMI), weight loss (WL) in the previous 6 months, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), the Prognostic Nutritional Index, the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), the modified GPS, and the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio...

OBJECTIVES: Stroke survivors frequently encounter physical complications. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of stroke on bone mineral density (BMD) and assess the risk of post-stroke osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify longitudinal studies reporting the influence of stroke on BMD, osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures...