journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533663/use-of-the-mucorales-qpcr-on-blood-to-screen-high-risk-hematology-patients-is-associated-with-better-survival
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne-Pauline Bellange, Gbaguidi-Haore Houssein, Ana Berceanu, Laura Gouzien, Chaima El Machhour, Damien Bichard, Fanny Lanternier, Emeline Scherer, Laurence Millon
Our objective was to determine whether the twice-weekly screening of high-risk hematology patients by Mucorales qPCR on serum affects the prognosis of mucormycosis. Results from all serum Mucorales qPCR tests performed on patients from the hematology unit from January 2017 to December 2022 were analyzed. Patients with positive results were classified as having proven, probable or 'PCR-only' mucormycosis. One-month mortality for the local cohort was compared with that of a national cohort of cases of mucormycosis collected by the French surveillance network for invasive fungal disease ('Réseau de surveillances des infections fongiques invasives en France' (RESSIF)) from 2012 to 2018...
March 26, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533658/comparison-of-the-antifungal-activity-of-the-pyrimidine-analogs-flucytosine-and-carmofur-against-human-pathogenic-dematiaceous-fungi
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rowena Alves Coelho, Fernando Almeida-Silva, Maria Helena Galdino Figueiredo-Carvalho, Vanessa Brito de Souza Rabello, Gabriela Rodrigues de Souza, Maria Cristina da Silva Lourenço, Marcio L Rodrigues, Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) and pheohyphomycosis (PHM) are the most common implantation mycoses caused by dematiaceous fungi. In the past, flucytosine (5-FC) has been used to treat CBM, but development of resistance is common. Carmofur belongs to the same class as 5-FC and has in vitro inhibitory activity against the main agents of CBM and PHM. The aim of this study was to compare the action of these two pyrimidine analog drugs against CBM and PHM agents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the selectivity index based on cytotoxicity tests of these two drugs against some agents of these mycoses were determined, with carmofur presenting a higher selectivity index than 5-FC...
March 26, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521982/covid-19-associated-candidemia-from-a-shift-in-fungal-epidemiology-to-a-rise-in-azole-drug-resistance
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh, Tahmineh Shaban, Hossein Zarrinfar, Alireza Sedaghat, Neginsadat Hosseinikargar, Fariba Berenji, Mahsa Jalali, Michaela Lackner, Jasper Elvin James, Macit Ilkit, Cornelia Lass-Flörl
Our understanding of fungal epidemiology and the burden of antifungal drug resistance in COVID-19-associated candidemia (CAC) patients is limited. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study in Iran to explore clinical and microbiological profiles of CAC patients. Yeast isolated from blood, were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) using the broth microdilution method M27-A3 protocol...
March 23, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499442/detection-and-genotyping-of-zoonotic-microsporidia-in-the-endangered-iberian-lynx-lynx-pardinus
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Ávalos, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Pablo Matas-Méndez, Sabrina Castro-Scholten, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Pamela C Köster, Mónica Santín, Begoña Bailo, David Cano-Terriza, David González-Barrio, Marta Mateo, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Alejandro Dashti, Fernando Nájera, David Carmena
Microsporidia is a diverse group of obligate, intracellular and spore-forming parasites that infect a wide range of animals. Among them, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. are the most frequently reported species in humans. Limited information is available about the presence and molecular diversity of microsporidian species in the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). Presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. was investigated by molecular methods in wild and captive Iberian lynxes from Spain...
March 18, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490745/isolation-of-azole-resistant-aspergillus-spp-from-food-products
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satomi Uehara, Yumi Takahashi, Keiko Iwakoshi, Yukari Nishino, Kotono Wada, Asuka Ono, Daisuke Hagiwara, Takashi Chiba, Keiko Yokoyama, Kenji Sadamasu
The prevalence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is increasing worldwide and is speculated to be related to the use of azole pesticides. Aspergillus spp., the causative agent of aspergillosis, could be brought into domestic dwellings through food. However, studies on azole-resistant Aspergillus spp. in food products are limited. Therefore, we aimed to isolate Aspergillus spp. from processed foods and commercial agricultural products and performed drug susceptibility tests for azoles. Among 692 food samples, we isolated 99 strains of Aspergillus spp...
March 15, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479781/epidemiology-of-coccidioidomycosis-in-argentina-an-update
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariana Noelia Viale, María Cecilia López-Joffre, Andrea Nora Motter, Patricia Evangelina Mansilla, Flavia Gisele Vivot, Facundo Manuel Muise Acevedo, Viviana Del Valle David, Silvia Guadalupe Carrizo, Julián Serrano, Yone Chacón, Patricia Carola Miranda, Christian Alvarez, María Sofía Colombres, Fernando Riera, Florencia Dávalos, Norma Fernández, Analía Fernández, Gladys Posse, Laura Fraenza, Alejandrina Giordano, Adela Ampuero, Susana Amigot, Liliana Guelfand, Patricia Formosa, Mónica Machain, Romina Saavedra, Gustavo Giusiano, Adriana Inés Toranzo, Cristina Elena Canteros
The National Reference Laboratory in Clinical Mycology of Argentina conducted a retrospective review of human coccidioidomycosis cases diagnosed by the National Mycology Laboratory Network of Argentina between 2010 and 2022 to determine the burden of the disease in the country. A total of 100 human coccidioidomycosis cases were documented, with a higher prevalence in male patients (male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1), with a median age of 41 years. Comparing the number of cases between two ten-year periods (2000-2009 and 2010-2019), the increase was 36...
March 13, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479779/histoplasma-antigens-as-novel-players-for-the-development-of-new-enzyme-immunoassays-for-the-serodiagnosis-of-histoplasmosis-a-comparative-study-of-their-analytical-performance
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Rodríguez Laboccetta, Víctor J Briceño Fernández, Agustín Videla Garrido, Gladys B Posse, María L Cuestas, Alejandro D Nusblat
Definitive diagnosis of histoplasmosis relies on culture and/or cytology/histopathology; however, these procedures have limited sensitivity and cultures are time-consuming. Antibodies detection by immunodiffusion has low sensitivity in immunocompromised individuals and uses histoplasmin (HMN), a crude antigenic extract, as reagent. Novel protein antigen candidates have been recently identified and produced by DNA-recombinant techniques to obtain standardized and specific reagents for diagnosing histoplasmosis...
March 13, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471667/revealing-the-hidden-interplay-the-unexplored-relationship-between-fungi-and-viruses-beyond-hiv-sars-cov-2-and-influenza
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Théo Ghelfenstein-Ferreira, Alexandra Serris, Maud Salmona, Fanny Lanternier, Alexandre Alanio
The complex interaction between viruses and fungi has profound implications, especially given the significant impact of these microorganisms on human health. While well-known examples such as HIV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are recognized as risk factors for invasive fungal diseases (IFD), the relationship between viruses and fungi remains largely underexplored outside of these cases. Fungi and viruses can engage in symbiotic or synergistic interactions. Remarkably, some viruses, known as mycoviruses, can directly infect fungi, may influencing their phenotype and potentially their virulence...
March 12, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471665/mir-150-levels-are-related-to-in-hospital-mortality-in-non-hiv-pneumocystis-pneumonia-patients
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Zhang, Han Sun, Qian- Yu Zhang, Zhao-Hui Tong
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection that occurs in immunocompromised patients. Compared with HIV patients, PCP in non-HIV patients tends to follow up a more urgent course and poorer prognosis. Therefore, markers that could predict survival of PCP patients in non-HIV population are of great value. MiRNA-150 has been widely studied in many diseases since it has been identified as a vital regulator of immune cell differentiation and activation. We thus conduct this study aiming to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-150 level in non-HIV PCP...
March 12, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444173/evaluation-of-the-drug-drug-interaction-between-triazole-antifungals-and-cystic-fibrosis-transmembrane-conductance-regulator-modulators-in-a-real-life-cohort
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anouk M E Jansen, Margot N Eggermont, Erik B Wilms, Sami Aziz, Monique Reijers, Jolt Roukema, Adilia Warris, Roger J M Brüggemann, Renske van der Meer
Limited data on the clinical management of drug-drug interactions between triazoles and Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators are available. We retrospectively evaluated azole target attainment and dose adaptations in patients from two Dutch CF centres concomitantly receiving triazoles and CFTR modulators. In total, 21 patients with 59 triazole trough concentrations were evaluated. Subtherapeutic concentrations were frequently observed, especially for itraconazole and voriconazole...
March 5, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429972/real-time-monitoring-of-mycelial-growth-in-liquid-culture-using-hyphal-dispersion-mutant-of-aspergillus-fumigatus
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ken Miyazawa, Takashi Umeyama, Shogo Takatsuka, Yasunori Muraosa, Yasutaka Hoshino, Shigekazu Yano, Keietsu Abe, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki
Hyphal pellet formation by Aspergillus species in liquid cultures is one of the main obstacles to high-throughput anti-Aspergillus reagent screening. We previously constructed a hyphal dispersion mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus by disrupting the genes encoding the primary cell wall α-1,3-glucan synthase Ags1 and putative galactosaminogalactan synthase Gtb3 (Δags1Δgtb3). Mycelial growth of the mutant in liquid cultures monitored by optical density was reproducible, and the dose-response of hyphal growth to antifungal agents has been quantified by optical density...
March 1, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425102/safety-of-fluconazole-in-kidney-transplant-recipients-for-prevention-of-coccidioidomycosis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laya Reddy, George R Thompson, Natascha Tuznik, Tina A Zolfaghari, Joy Vongspanich Dray, Janneca Ames, Daniel Ho, Scott Crabtree, Jeffrey Fine, Machelle D Wilson, Muna Alnimri, Stuart H Cohen, Alan Koff
Coccidioides is an endemic fungus which causes infections ranging from mild respiratory illness to life-threatening disease, and immunocompromised hosts such as solid organ transplant recipients are at higher risk for disseminated infection and mortality. Our center administers fluconazole prophylaxis to kidney transplant recipients residing in geographic areas with higher incidences of coccidioidomycosis. However, because drug-drug interactions occur between triazoles and immunosuppressants used in transplant medicine, we undertook a study to ascertain whether fluconazole prophylaxis was associated with any important safety outcomes in kidney transplant recipients...
February 29, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414264/identification-of-c-auris-clade-5-isolates-using-claid
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aswathy Narayanan, Pavitra Selvakumar, Rahul Siddharthan, Kaustuv Sanyal
Candida auris poses threats to the global medical community due to its multidrug resistance, ability to cause nosocomial outbreaks and resistance to common sterilization agents. Different variants that emerged at different geographical zones were classified as clades. Clade-typing becomes necessary to track its spread, possible emergence of new clades, and to predict the properties that exhibit a clade-bias. We previously reported a colony-PCR based, clade-identification method (claID) employing whole genome alignments and identification of clade-specific sequences of four major geographical clades...
February 27, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414255/full-title-molecular-detection-of-enterocytozoon-bieneusi-in-bats-from-portugal
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreia V S Cruz, Pedro Lopez-López, Sérgio Santos-Silva, Antonio Rivero-Juárez, Hugo Rebelo, João R Mesquita
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidia commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and a wide range of other animals, constituting a major cause of microsporidiosis in humans. Although E. bieneusi has been detected in humans, domestic, and wild animals in Portugal, and its presence in bats has been linked to zoonotic characteristics, its occurrence in bats within the country has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the presence of E. bieneusi in 380 bat fecal samples collected in mainland Portugal through a nested PCR assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer region and the flanking small and large subunit of the ribosomal RNA...
February 27, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389256/molecular-epidemiology-of-candida-africana-isolates-collected-from-vagina-swabs-in-french-guiana
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeanne Bigot, Yasmine Kalboussi, Yannick Bonkoto Nkoy, Alexis Benmostefa, Sandra Vellaissamy, Laurent Benzerara, Vincent Sainte-Rose, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Juliette Guitard, Christophe Hennequin
Previous molecular studies have shown that Candida africana corresponds to the clade 13 of Candia albicans. It has been mostly involved in vulvovaginal candidiasis worldwide but few data exist in South America. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of C. africana in women living in French Guiana. For this, we first set up a fluorescent-intercalating-dye-real time PCR targeting the hyphal wall protein 1 gene. The test was applied to 212 C. albicans isolates collected from May to August 2019 from vaginal swabs, allowing the identification of 6 women harboring C...
February 22, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389246/physical-impediment-to-sodium-houttuyfonate-conversely-reinforces-%C3%AE-glucan-exposure-stimulated-innate-immune-response-to-candida-albicans
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qirui Wang, Zixu Wang, Chen Xu, Daqiang Wu, Tianming Wang, Changzhong Wang, Jing Shao
Candida albicans is a dimorphic opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. We have previously demonstrated that Sodium houttuyfonate (SH), a derivative of medicinal herb Houttuynia cordata Thunb, was effective for antifungal purpose. However, the physical impediment of SH by C. albicans β-glucan may weaken the antifungal activity of SH. In this study, the interactions of SH with cell wall (CW), extracellular matrix (EM), CW β-glucan and a commercial β-glucan zymosan A (ZY) were inspected by XTT assay and total plate count in a standard reference C...
February 22, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383897/diverse-spectrum-of-mycoses-histologically-diagnosed-in-ghana-insights-from-a-10-year-retrospective-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bright Katey Ocansey, Isaac Joe Erskine, Leonard Okine, Daniel Potakey, Prince Pappoe-Ashong, Isaac Sraku, Solomon Edward Quayson, Japheth Awuletey Opintan, Chris Kosmidis, David Wemyss Denning
In Ghana, most laboratory diagnosis of severe mycoses are based on histopathology findings due to inadequate availability of serology, culture, and molecular tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of mycoses diagnosed in Ghana. We retrospectively reviewed reports from 2012 to 2021 from three major pathology laboratories in Ghana to identify reports indicating the presence of fungal elements and diagnosis of a mycosis, then extracted demographic, clinical history, site of infection, stain (s) used and diagnosed mycosis details...
February 21, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379099/fusariosis-in-burn-patients-a-systematic-review-of-case-reports
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paola Piccoli, Fabíola Lucini, Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi, Luana Rossato
Burns can cause skin damage, facilitating the entry of fungi and other microorganisms into the body, leading to infections. Fusarium is a fungus capable of infecting individuals with burn injuries. Diagnosing and treating Fusarium infections in burn patients can be challenging due to the manifestation of nonspecific symptoms. This study aims to investigate case reports and case series from published literature describing Fusarium infection in burned patients, in order to assess treatment regimens, clinical outcomes, and make recommendations for future management...
February 20, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366631/whole-genome-characterization-of-trichophyton-indotineae-isolated-in-singapore
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeanette W P Teo, Janet W S Cheng, Chew Ka Lip, Raymond T P Lin
Complete genome sequences from two Trichophyton indotineae isolates were obtained from a 23-year-old male presenting with tinea cruris after an overseas recreational water exposure and from a 53-year-old female patient with unknown travel history. Analysis of the squalene epoxidase gene and the cyp51 gene family showed an absence of mutations, correlating with phenotypic drug susceptibility. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) distance between both isolates was 92. Within the T. indotineae cluster SNPs ranged from 7 to 182, suggesting a high genetic relatedness with other South Asian isolates...
February 15, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331424/the-commensal-fungus-wallemia-mellicola-enhances-asthma-in-mice-through-dectin-2
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amjad N Kanj, Irene Riestra Guiance, Theodore J Kottom, Kyle J Schaefbauer, Malay Choudhury, Andrew H Limper, Joseph H Skalski
Overgrowth of the fungus Wallemia mellicola in the intestines of mice enhances the severity of asthma. W. mellicola interacts with the immune system through Dectin-2 expressed on the surface of myeloid and intestinal epithelial cells. Using Dectin-2 deficient mice, we show that the interaction of W. mellicola with Dectin-2 is essential for the gut-lung pathways enhancing the severity of asthma in mice with W. mellicola intestinal dysbiosis. These findings offer better insight into dysbiosis-associated inflammation and highlight the role pattern recognition receptors have in immune recognition of commensal fungi in the gut leading to alterations in immune function in the lungs...
February 8, 2024: Medical Mycology
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