Biological Research for Nursing

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a challenge for health organizations because of its high likelihood of morbidity and mortality. There is an increasing body of evidence exploring the efficacy of resistance training (RT) alone on glycemic control. Objective: To update the effectiveness of RT on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose in adults diagnosed with T2DM. Methods: CINAHL (EBSDCO), PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), and EMBASE (Ovid) databases were searched from inception to 30 January 2024...

Problem: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) affecting neonates with fetal exposure to opioids, is defined by expression and severity of symptoms. The pathophysiology behind symptoms variability is lacking. The study aims were to examine (a) differences in gut microbiota of neonates with and without NAS, (b) the relationships between gut microbiota and symptom expression and NAS severity, and (c) the changes in the neonate gut microbiota diversity during the course of NAS treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional observational design was used to examine differences in microbiota and a longitudinal, repeated measures approach was used to determine relationships between gut microbiota and NAS symptoms...

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on glycemic control, beta-cell function, and aerobic fitness in women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Thirty-six women with T2DM were assigned equally to HIIT, MICT, and control (CON) groups. Participants in the exercise cohorts underwent a 12-week training regimen (three sessions per week), while the CON group maintained an inactive lifestyle. Glycaemia variables, beta-cell function, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ), lipid profiles, and body composition were assessed at baseline and post-intervention...

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of cardiovascular health (CVH) of Black and Latino adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and examine the association of individual and microsystem level factors with their CVH score. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional design in 60 Black and Latino Adults aged 18-40 with T2D. Data were collected on sociodemographic, individual (sociodemographic, diabetes self-management, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, quality of life, and the inflammatory biomarkers IL-6 and hs-CRP) and microsystem factors (family functioning), and American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 metrics of CVH...

Backgroun d. Constipation is a common distressing problem in patients with schizophrenia that can cause complications and impair quality of life. Objective . The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of applying auricular acupressure (AA) treatment in improving constipation in patients with schizophrenia. Metho ds. A crossover randomized controlled trial design was performed from April 2022 to December 2023 at four psychiatric rehabilitation care centers. A total of 23 patients with schizophrenia received an AA intervention or usual care according to the designated treatment sequences...

We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection on maternal characteristics and obstetric and neonatal outcomes in a cohort of women in labor previously vaccinated who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to aged-matched healthy controls. A retrospective case-control study was conducted among 66 women in labor. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. The attendance rates at childbirth and parenting classes, as well as the implementation of a birth plan, were significantly lower in the COVID-19 infection group (6...

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine the effect of virtual reality glasses application on pain, anxiety, and patient satisfaction during a transrectal prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted with pre-tests, post-tests, and a control group, using a randomized controlled experimental research design. A total of 70 patients (35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group) were included in the study. The intervention group watched a video with virtual reality glasses during the biopsy process...

Background: Constipation is common in elderly inpatients with intracerebral hemorrhage. This study aimed to construct a model for predicting the risk of constipation in elderly inpatients with intracerebral hemorrhage and to provide reference for formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods: Elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who were treated in the department of Neurosurgery of a third-class hospital in Suzhou from January 2018 to September 2023 were included. Clinical data of patients with and without constipation were compared...

OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive functions in older adults using NHANES, a national US population study dataset, and to explore the causal association with Mendelian randomization (MR) using the UK Biobank. METHODS: First, an observational study was conducted with the NHANES database with participants ≥60 years. Sleep duration was measured with accelerometers for 7 consecutive days. Participants were divided into habitual short sleep (<7 h) and long sleep (>9 h) groups...

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) poses a significant global health challenge and focused research is vital for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage on PTB. Methods: There were two groups: (a) cases consisting of mothers with PTB (<37 weeks of gestation, n = 100) and (b) controls consisting of mothers with term birth (>37 weeks of gestation, n = 100). Women with vaginal infection, non-cephalic presentation, multiple gestations, fetal anomalies, Cesarean delivery, pregnancy with Mullerian anomalies, or preeclampsia were excluded from the study...

Background: Both the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and tobacco exposure are significantly associated with cervical neoplasm risk. Immune cells play important roles in carcinogenesis. However, it is still unclear whether immune cells have a mediating effect on the HR-HPV infection and tobacco exposure with cervical neoplasm development. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine how the increased white blood cell (WBC) count affects the relationship between HR-HPV DNA load and tobacco exposure in the development of cervical neoplasia...

Dietary astaxanthin supplementation has been demonstrated to have many beneficial and health-promoting effects. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of astaxanthin supplementation on fatigue, cognition, and exercise efficiency. A total of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 346 healthy participants were included. The random effects model and pooled standardized mean difference (SMDs) were used according to Hedge's g for the meta-analysis, and a meta-regression was also conducted...

PURPOSE: The study investigated the relationship of gut microbiome features and sickness symptoms in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: Employing a prospective, longitudinal design, we collected data from 19 participants who had undergone living-donor kidney transplant at three timepoints (pre-transplant and 1 week and 3 months post-transplant). Sickness symptom data and fecal specimens were collected at each timepoint. Participants were grouped either as high or low sickness symptom severity at baseline...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative urinary tract infection is a common complication that not only significantly prolongs the hospital stay and amplifies the economic burden on patients, but also affects their quality of life and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate risk factors and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infections among bladder cancer patients who underwent cutaneous ureterostomy following radical cystectomy. METHODS: A total of 137 bladder cancer patients, who underwent cutaneous ureterostomy after radical cystectomy at our hospital from November 2018 to October 2022, were enrolled in this retrospective study...

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia affecting over 6 million people in the U.S. Fatigue is a frequent symptom of AF, yet no underlying biological mechanisms have been identified in AF-related fatigue as in other chronic conditions such as cancer or HIV fatigue (inflammation, tissue injury). We aimed to identify biomarkers and correlates of AF-fatigue in ARIC participants. METHODS: Participants with AF from ARIC visit 5 (2011-2013) were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Parents of infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) who require open heart surgery after birth are at risk for prolonged psychological distress. Even after their infants are discharged, parents may experience anxiety, depressive, and post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms; yet, it is unclear which parents are at greater risk for ongoing symptoms. The purpose of this study was to explore whether measures of the biomarker cortisol in parents during their infants' postoperative period were associated with subsequent psychological distress symptoms at three-month post discharge...

BACKGROUND: Breast milk is essential for premature infants. It contains a variety of functional and protective nutrients that help to create a suitable microenvironment for intestinal development and maturation. This prospective and observational study was planned to examine the effects of feeding premature infants with fresh or frozen breastmilk on their gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out with a total of 40 infants, with a gestational age of 28-326 weeks, fed fresh ( n = 20) or frozen ( n = 20) breastmilk...

Introduction: To explore the relationship between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and gout to provide support for preventing gout through dietary intervention. Methods: Eligible participants from the 2007 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey aged 20 years and older were included in this cross-sectional study. The weighted chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables difference between CDAI quartiles groups. The weighted univariate and binary logistic regression analysis were used to test the association between variables and gout...

Patients with rheumatic disease (RD) are at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading non-communicable chronic disease cause of death worldwide. Inflammatory biomarkers and psychological health status are reliable predictors of CVD in patients with RD. The primary aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory biomarkers and psychological CVD risk factors (CRFs) between a group of community-dwelling adults with RD and CRFs and a group of their peers with CRFs only. The secondary aim of this study was to analyze and compare the collected data by gender in the RD group...

Background: Poor sleep quality is prevalent in older people and impairs their quality of life. Various studies show an association between sleep disorders and altered levels of inflammatory cytokines. The cytokine IL-1β has been shown to display both somnogenic and insomnia-promoting effects in experimental animals. Objectives: to evaluate the relationship between insomnia and salivary IL-1β concentration and the role of associated factors such as the symptoms of depression, use of hypnotics, intake of caffeinated beverages, smoking, and alcohol use in older individuals...