Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

OBJECTIVES: Exercise is an effective intervention for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the effects of exercise on objective sleep architecture in patients with OSA remain unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to collect data from randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions in patients with OSA, with a specific focus on objective sleep parameters derived from polysomnography. METHODS: Randomized control trials that targeted patients with OSA aged >18 years, measured sleep using polysomnography after exercise programs, and reported the proportion of sleep stages were included for meta-analysis...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of individualised versus standardised combined endurance and resistance training on the fitness-fatness index in physically inactive adults. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. METHODS: Fifty-four participants aged 21-55 years were randomised into three groups; 1) non-exercise control (n = 18), 2) standardised moderate-intensity continuous training (n = 18), or 3) individualised moderate-intensity continuous training + high-intensity interval training (n = 18)...

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the injury profile in Brazilian elite women's football. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Time-loss injuries, along with match and training exposure, were monitored throughout a full season in four Brazilian elite clubs. RESULTS: Sixty-three out of 133 players (47 %) sustained 112 time-loss injuries along the season, leading to 0.8 injuries per player on average. The overall injury incidence rate was 5...

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OBJECTIVES: Commercially available wearable activity monitors can promote physical activity behaviour. Clinical trials typically quantify physical activity with research grade activity monitors prior to testing interventions utilising commercially available wearable activity monitors aimed at increasing step count. Therefore, it is important to test the agreement of these two types of activity monitors. OBJECTIVES: Observational. METHODS: Thirty adults (20-65 years, n = 19 females) were provided a Fitbit Charge 4©...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and intensity of pain due to a football-related injury during activities of daily living and during training and/or match play in both male and female and youth and adult amateur players. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study involving amateur football players. METHODS: Players (n = 502, median age 18 years, range 14-46) responded to weekly questionnaires during one season, including the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire...

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether higher weight status is associated with increased eating disorder risk in athletes. DESIGN: Study 1 used cross-sectional (N = 942) and longitudinal (N = 483) data collected over a five-year period from Division I athletes at a Midwestern university. Study 2 used cross-sectional data from athletes competing at various levels at universities across the United States (N = 825). METHODS: Weight and height were measured in Study 1 and self-reported in Study 2; higher weight was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 ...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of unilateral transfemoral amputation on neuromuscular and kinematic parameters in alpine sit skiers, and to determine if additional restraints on the human-bucket interface could help mitigate the effects. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, repeated measures study. METHODS: Simulated skiing tests were conducted indoors involving 10 skiers with unilateral transfemoral amputation and 10 able-bodied participants...

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OBJECTIVES: The squat is used in athletic and clinical settings. However, the coordination of the lower extremity during the lift is not well understood. The purpose was to compare the peak moments of the lower extremity joints at three squat depths (above parallel, parallel and full) and three squat loads (unloaded, 50 % 1 repetition maximum, and 85 % of depth specific 1 repetition maximum) and find their contribution to support (Ms ). DESIGN: Nineteen females performed squats in a randomized order...

OBJECTIVES: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are advised by health care professionals to target mild hyperglycaemia before and during exercise, to reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia. This review aimed to summarise the available evidence on the effects of acute hyperglycaemia on sports and exercise performance in T1D. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched until 29th May 2023 for studies investigating the effects of acute hyperglycaemia on any sports or exercise performance outcome in T1D...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the new age groups of the World Junior Championships in swimming from a scientific perspective, establish benchmarks and performance corridors that predict success at peak performance age and compare performance corridors between men and women and short-, middle-, and long-distance freestyle races. DESIGN: Longitudinal big data analysis. METHODS: In total, 347,186 annual best times of male (n = 3360, 561 ± 177 Swimming Points) and female freestyle swimmers (n = 2570, 553 ± 183 Swimming Points) were collected across all race distances at peak performance age and retrospectively analyzed throughout adolescence...

OBJECTIVES: To synthesise and evaluate the quality of the recommendations for exercise therapy and physical activity from guidelines for the prevention and/or management of low back pain. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Included clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back pain published between 2014 and 2022 and searched in 9 databases until September 2022. The quality of evidence was evaluated with the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation tool (AGREE-II instrument)...

OBJECTIVES: The effects of music on sport performance mainly involved endurance or resistance exercises overlooking possible effects on reaction time, which is deemed essential in martial arts for a proficient performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the exposure to pre-task music on choice visual reaction time in elite taekwondo athletes. DESIGN: Repeated measure study design. METHODS: Reaction time and mean Heart Rate (HRmean ) were recorded in twenty young taekwondo athletes (17...

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OBJECTIVES: With the premise that physical education classes should promote physical activity by teaching and learning fundamental motor skills, this study aimed to evaluate the fundamental motor skill proficiency of primary school students and determine the level of achievement of established learning outcomes for fundamental motor skills, as specified in the Polish National Physical Education Curriculum. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used for this study...

OBJECTIVES: The choice of a scholarly journal, as opposed to a predatory journal, might impact a sport scientist's career negatively if the wrong choice is made, especially at an early stage of their research and publishing careers. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly impacting sport science and academia. In this study, we tested the accuracy and sensitivity of an AI-driven tool, applied specifically to sport science. DESIGN: Our research relies on the use of a new and free online AI-driven tool, the AJPC System, which claims the ability to distinguish "normal" (scholarly) from "suspected predatory" (unscholarly) journals...