Public Health Nutrition

OBJECTIVE: The recommended level of 5 fruits and vegetables per day is reached by a minority of French children. No-added sugars fruit puree (NASFP) can be consumed as a complement of fresh fruit to meet the recommendation for fruits and vegetables. The objective was to simulate the nutritional impact of an increase in consumption of NAFP among French children, together with a reduction in sweetened foods. DESIGN: The study was conducted on French children aged 1 to 17...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent intervention trial "Are You Too Sweet?" in reducing discretionary foods and drinks intake among young schoolchildren. DESIGN: The study was a 3.5-month two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial among primary school children and their families. School health nurses provided guidance to families regarding discretionary foods and drinks for the children. Moreover, families were given a variety of knowledge- and capability-building materials to utilize at home...

OBJECTIVES: Dietary environmental impact in a Norwegian adult population was estimated for six environmental impact categories. Moreover, environmental benefits of scenario diets complying with the Norwegian Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) and the EAT-Lancet reference diet were assessed. DESIGN: The current diet of Norwegian adults was estimated according to 24-hour dietary recall data from a national dietary surveillance survey (Norkost 3). Scenario diets were modelled to represent the Norwegian FBDG and the EAT-Lancet healthy reference diet...

OBJECTIVE: Multisectoral Nutrition Governance (MNG) is a vital enabling determinant of improved nutrition outcomes. Despite this, it remains to be a complex phenomenon that lacks adequate understanding, especially in developing countries like Kenya. This narrative review aims to discuss the evolution of MNG, the current state of MNG, barriers and challenges, and based on these identify entry points for improvement within the complex governance structure in Kenya. DESIGN: The Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure rigorous and transparent identification of literature and interpretation...

OBJECTIVES: Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake. DESIGN: A cross-sectional and prospective study with three timepoints (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months, T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of 41 identified strategies were assessed...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this analysis was to investigate whether habitual intake of total dairy (TD) or different dairy types (liquid, solid, fermented, not-fermented, low-fat, high-fat, low-sugar and high-sugar dairy) during adolescence is associated with biomarkers of low-grade inflammation as well as risk factors of type 2 diabetes in young adulthood. DESIGN: Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate prospective associations between estimated TD intake as well as intake of different types of dairy and a pro-inflammatory score, based on hsCRP, IL-6, IL-18, leptin and adiponectin, and insulin resistance assessed as HOMA2-IR in an open cohort study...

OBJECTIVE: Different forms of public and private regulation have been used to improve the healthiness of food retail environments. The aim of this scoping review was to systematically examine the types of private regulatory measures used to create healthy food retail environments, the reporting of the processes of implementation, monitoring, review and enforcement, and the barriers to and enablers of these. DESIGN: Scoping review using the Johanna Briggs Institute guidelines...

OBJECTIVE: To assess trends in the dietary quality of Mexican adolescents from 2006 to 2018, both overall and by sociodemographic indicators, using adaptations of the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health (PH) recommendations, optimal intake estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), and Mexican Dietary Guidelines (MDG) in nationally representative samples. DESIGN: Using dietary data from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, dietary quality indexes were constructed as adaptations of three dietary intake recommendations...

OBJECTIVE: The research objectives were to evaluate factors that influence Canadian secondary school students' milk and milk alternatives (MMA) consumption and to explore associations through age and gender lenses. DESIGN: A qualitative design was used, consisting of semi-structured interviews and photo elicitation methods. Analysis was guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Deductive and inductive thematic analysis were used to generate themes, charting data based on attributes such as gender and age...

OBJECTIVE: Examine the key elements that characterize social media advertisements targeted at adolescents by asking adolescents which features of Instagram ads promoting ultra-processed products make them designed to appeal to adolescents. DESIGN: Instagram ads promoting ultra-processed products and brands were selected from a database in which ads had been classified regarding whether they were primarily targeted at adolescents from an adult perspective. Adolescents completed a sorting task in small groups and were requested to reach a consensus through discussions and sticky notes regarding whether 60 ads were designed to appeal to them...

OBJECTIVES: To characterize nutritionally adequate, climate-friendly diets that are culturally acceptable across socio-demographic groups. To identify potential equity issues linked to more climate-friendly and nutritionally adequate dietary changes. DESIGN: An optimization model minimizes distance from observed diets subject to nutritional, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and food-habit constraints. It is calibrated to socio-demographic groups differentiated by sex, education and income levels using dietary intake data...

OBJECTIVE: The NHS England website provides guidance on foods/drinks to avoid or limit in pregnancy because of microbiological, toxicological or teratogenic hazards. The aims were to determine adherence and whether demographic characteristics were associated with adherence. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Online survey of postpartum women resident in England during pregnancy. PARTICIPANTS: Recently postpartum women resident in England during their pregnancy (n=598; median age 33 (IQR 30-36) years) completed an online questionnaire (April to November 2022)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to 1) examine the clustering of energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) and 2) investigate whether EBRB clusters, temperament, and hair cortisol concentration (HCC) associate with overweight. DESIGN: We assessed food consumption using food records, screen time using sedentary behavior diaries, sleep consistency and temperament (negative affectivity, surgency, effortful control) using questionnaires, and HCC using hair samples. Accelerometers were used to assess physical activity (PA) intensities, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency...

OBJECTIVE: Although some studies have examined the association between eating behaviour and elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescents, current data on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and EBP in adolescents in Yunnan Province, China are lacking. SETTING: Cluster sampling was used to survey freshmen at a college in Kunming, Yunnan Province, from November to December. Data on SSB consumption were collected using a food frequency questionnaire measuring height, weight, and blood pressure...

OBJECTIVE: Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid consumption during pregnancy is recommended for optimal pregnancy outcomes and offspring health. We examined characteristics associated with self-reported fish or omega-3 supplement intake. DESIGN: Pooled pregnancy cohort studies. SETTING: Cohorts participating in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) consortium with births from 1999-2020. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 10,800 pregnant women in 23 cohorts with food frequency data on fish consumption; 12,646 from 35 cohorts with information on supplement use...

OBJECTIVE: To explore relationships between disability, food insecurity (FI) and age and examine how socioeconomic factors impact risk of FI among disabled people in working and older age. DESIGN: Logistic regression models used to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic factors to gaps in risk of FI for disabled people. In models stratified into working and older age groups, differences in risk of FI for disabled and non-disabled people were examined by employment, education, and assets...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reach, adoption, implementation and effectiveness of an intervention to increase children's vegetable intake in long day care (LDC). DESIGN: A 12-week pragmatic cluster RCT, informed by the Multiphase Optimisation Strategy (MOST), targeting the Mealtime environment and Curriculum. Children's vegetable intake and variety was measured at follow up using a modified SFS-ECEC and analysed using a two-part mixed model for non-vegetable and vegetable consumers...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between various forms of child nutritional disorders and early childhood development in Bangladesh. DESIGN: We analysed data from the nationally representative cross-sectional 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Early childhood development was evaluated using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI), which comprised 10 yes-or-no questions across four domains: literacy-numeracy, physical well-being, socio-emotional development, and learning abilities...

OBJECTIVE: To measure vitamin D status and estimate factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in Nunavimmiut (Inuit living in Nunavik) adults in 2017. DESIGN: Data were from Qanuilirpitaa ? 2017 Nunavik Inuit Health Survey, a cross-sectional study conducted in August - October 2017. Participants underwent a questionnaire, including a food frequency questionnaire, and blood samples were analyzed for total serum 25(OH)D. SETTING: Nunavik, northern Québec, Canada...