journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236419/effect-of-irrigation-on-wild-and-inbred-maize-with-relation-to-the-antioxidant-status-of-pollens-flag-leaves-and-developing-grains
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Himanshu Pathak, Kamaljit Kaur, Yadhu Suneja, Gagandeep Singh, Yogesh Vikal, Gurjit Kaur
The investigation was carried out to evaluate the net effect of limited irrigation on the antioxidant status of pollens, flag leaves, and developing grains of wild and inbred maize lines. Teosinte pollens showed the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and peroxidase (POX) under stressful conditions while LM 11 showed a significant decrease in APX, CAT, GR, and GST activities. Limited irrigations increased the contents of superoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) to maximum levels in LM 11 leaves...
January 18, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38217740/structure-ultrastructure-and-cation-accumulation-in-quinoa-epidermal-bladder-cell-complex-under-high-saline-stress
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María Belén Palacios, Axel Joel Rizzo, Tatiana Belén Heredia, Gonzalo Roqueiro, Sara Maldonado, Daniel Horacio Murgida, Hernán Pablo Burrieza
Quinoa is a facultative halophyte with excellent tolerance to salinity. In this study, the epidermal bladder cell complex (EBCc) of quinoa leaves was studied to determine their cellular characteristics and involvement in salt tolerance. We used light microscopy, confocal RAMAN microscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and environmental scanning electron microscopy complemented by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Ionic content was quantified with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and with flame emission photometry...
January 13, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38217739/a-simplified-and-improved-protocol-of-rice-transformation-to-cater-wide-range-of-rice-cultivars
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Balakrishnan Rengasamy, Mrinalini Manna, Sarvesh Jonwal, Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Nargis Begum Thajuddin, Alok Krishna Sinha
The latest CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing technology is expected to bring about revolution in rice yield and quality improvement, and thus validation of rice transformation protocols using CRISPR-Cas9-gRNA constructs is the need of the hour. Moreover, regeneration of more number of transgenic rice plants is prerequisite for developing genome-edited rice lines, as recalcitrant rice varieties were shown to have lower editing efficiencies which necessities screening of large number of transgenic plants to find the suitable edits...
January 13, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38206421/exogenous-glycine-betaine-alleviates-water-deficit-stress-in-indian-pennywort-centella-asiatica-under-greenhouse-conditions
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daonapa Chungloo, Rujira Tisarum, Thapanee Samphumphuang, Piyanan Pipatsitee, Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul, Suriyan Cha-Um
Centella asiatica (Indian pennywort) is a green leafy vegetable containing centelloside' (triterpenoid), a key phytochemical component in traditional medicine. Being a glycophytic species, they exhibit decline in growth performance and yield traits when subjected to water-deficit (WD) conditions. Glycine betaine (GB) is a low molecular-weight organic metabolite that plays a crucial role in abiotic stress conditions in higher plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of GB in alleviating water-deficit stress (in terms of morphological and physiological responses) in two different genotypes of Indian pennywort, "Nakhon Pathom" (NP; high centelloside-yielding genotype) and "Pathum Thani" (PT; low centelloside-yielding genotype)...
January 11, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38200344/phytochemical-composition-of-aerial-parts-and-roots-of-pfaffia-glomerata-spreng-pedersen-and-anticholinesterase-antioxidant-and-antiglycation-activities
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco, Rafaella Martins Franco, Allisson Benatti Justino, Ana Luiza Silva Borges, Vinícius Prado Bittar, Natieli Saito, André Lopes Saraiva, Nilson Nicolau Júnior, Wagner Campos Otoni, Foued Salmen Espindola
The Pfaffia glomerata, a plant popularly called Brazilian ginseng, is widely used in Brazil for the treatment of various pathologies, including those associated with the Central Nervous System. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), a phytosteroid present in this plant, can promote adaptogenic effects in the organism, providing greater body resistance to stressors. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and antiglycation effects of extracts and fractions of aerial parts and roots of P...
January 10, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38195894/hemiptera-induced-galls-of-sapium-glandulosum-have-histological-and-cytological-compartmentalization-created-with-a-large-amount-of-carbohydrate
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorena Moreira Pires Rosa, Maraíza Sousa Silva, Renê Gonçalves da Silva Carneiro, Mariana Machado, Vinícius Coelho Kuster
Gall formation impacts the development of plant species by altering the structure and mobilization of reserves, and the functional and physiological patterns of the host organ. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact generated by the Neolithus fasciatus galling insect (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Sapium glandulosum leaves (Euphorbiaceae) at the cytological, histological, histochemical, and biochemical levels. Non-galled leaves and galls in the young, mature, and senescent stages were evaluated. The non-galled leaf has a uniseriate epidermis, stomata only on the abaxial side, a dorsiventral mesophyll, and parenchyma cells with thin primary walls containing chloroplasts with plastoglobules...
January 10, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191719/5-aminolevulinic-acid-treatment-mitigates-pesticide-stress-in-bean-seedlings-by-regulating-stress-related-gene-expression-and-retrotransposon-movements
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Esra Arslan Yuksel, Murat Aydin, Guleray Agar, Mahmut Sinan Taspinar
Overdoses of pesticides lead to a decrease in the yield and quality of plants, such as beans. The unconscious use of deltamethrin, one of the synthetic insecticides, increases the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by causing oxidative stress in plants. In this case, plants tolerate stress by activating the antioxidant defense mechanism and many genes. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) improves tolerance to stress by acting exogenously in low doses. There are many gene families that are effective in the regulation of this mechanism...
January 8, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38170395/gibberellin-mediated-far-red-light-induced-leaf-expansion-in-cucumber-seedlings
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuhao Li, Shengxiang Ran, Song Yuan, Kaizhen Chang, Mingxuan Han, Fenglin Zhong
Our experiments explored the effects of far-red (FR) light on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. 'Zhongnong No. 26') seedling growth. Our results indicated that FR light significantly promoted the growth of cucumber seedlings. Specifically, it promoted the accumulation of shoot biomass and the elongation of internodes and leaves (except the first leaf at the bottom). Further analysis showed that FR light had no effect on the accumulation contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA) in seedling leaves. Still, it significantly caused the increase of the gibberellin (GA3, GA4, and GA7) contents and the decrease of GA1 content, which suggested that the leaf expansion progress under FR light may be primarily related to GA...
January 3, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38159129/a-novel%C3%A2-micronutrients-and-methyl-jasmonate-cocktail-of-elicitors-via-seed-priming-improves-drought-tolerance-by-mitigating-oxidative-stress-in-rice-oryza-sativa%C3%A2-l
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahesh Kumar Samota, Monika Awana, Veda Krishnan, Suresh Kumar, Aruna Tyagi, Rakesh Pandey, S V Amitha Mithra, Archana Singh
Drought is a major limiting factor for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production globally, and a cost-effective seed priming technique using bio-elicitors has been found to have stress mitigating effects. Till date, mostly phytohormones have been preferred as bio-elicitors, but the present study is a novel attempt to demonstrate the favorable role of micronutrients-phytohormone cocktail, i.e., iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and methyl jasmonate (MJ) via seed priming method in mitigating the deleterious impacts of drought stress through physio-biochemical and molecular manifestations...
December 30, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38158398/domain-of-unknown-function-duf-proteins-in-plants-function-and-perspective
#30
REVIEW
Chengke Luo, Maryam Akhtar, Weifang Min, Xiaorong Bai, Tianli Ma, Caixia Liu
Domains of unknown function (DUFs), which are deposited in the protein family database (Pfam), are protein domains with conserved amino acid sequences and uncharacterized functions. Proteins with the same DUF were classified as DUF families. Although DUF families are generally not essential for the survival of plants, they play roles in plant development and adaptation. Characterizing the functions of DUFs is important for deciphering biological puzzles. DUFs were generally studied through forward and reverse genetics...
December 30, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38135806/hif-1%C3%AE-is-an-important-regulator-of-il-8-expression-in-human-bone-marrow-stromal-cells-under-hypoxic-microenvironment
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiqi Huang, Ruolan You, Maoqing Tan, Danni Cai, Hong Zou, Shuxia Zhang, Huifang Huang
The secretion of IL-8 has been found increasing for different reasons in human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), resulting in poor prognosis in patients with hematologic neoplasms. Hypoxia, a typical feature of numerous hematologic neoplasms microenvironment, often produces hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which stabilizes and promotes tumor progression. Besides, hypoxic conditions also induce IL-8 production in BMSCs. However, very little is known about the mechanism of increased IL-8 expression in BMSCs caused by hypoxia...
December 23, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38123818/chromosomal-evolution-in-cryptangieae-benth-cyperaceae-evidence-of-holocentrism-and-pseudomonads
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Luisa Arantes Chaves, Marco Tulio Mendes Ferreira, Marcial Escudero, Modesto Luceño, Suzana Maria Costa
Cryptangieae has recently been revised based on morphology and molecular phylogeny, but cytogenetic data is still scarce. We conducted this study with the aim of investigating the occurrence of holocentric chromosomes and pseudomonads, as well as understanding the mode of chromosomal evolution in the tribe. We performed analyses of meiotic behavior, chromosome counts, and reconstruction of the ancestral state for the haploid number. We present novel cytogenetic data for eight potentially holocentric species: Cryptangium verticillatum, Krenakia junciforme, K...
December 21, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114665/nutritive-tissue-rich-in-reserves-in-the-cell-wall-and-protoplast-the-case-of-manihot-esculenta-euphorbiaceae-galls-induced-by-iatrophobia-brasiliensis-diptera-cecidomyiidae
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Paula de Souza, Denis Coelho de Oliveira, Valdnéa Casagrande Dalvi, Vinícius Coelho Kuster
The galls can offer shelter, protection, and an adequate diet for the gall-inducing organisms. Herein, we evaluated the structure of Manihot esculenta leaves and galls induced by Iatrophobia brasiliensis in order to identify metabolic and cell wall composition changes. We expected to find a complex gall with high primary metabolism in a typical nutritive tissue. Non-galled leaves and galls were subjected to anatomical, histochemical, and immunocytochemical analyses to evaluate the structural features, primary and secondary metabolites, and glycoproteins, pectins, and hemicelluloses in the cell wall...
December 19, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38105279/correction-to-elevated-luteinizing-hormone-receptor-signaling-or-selenium-treatment-leads-to-comparable-changes-in-adrenal-cortex-histology-and-androgen-ar-zip9-signaling
#34
Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 18, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102506/plastic-plastids
#35
EDITORIAL
Peter Nick
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 16, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38092896/transcriptome-analysis-of-citrus-sinensis-reveals-potential-responsive-events-triggered-by-candidatus-liberibacter-asiaticus
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chang Liu, Xiaopeng Chang, Fuxuan Li, Yana Yan, Xiru Zuo, Guiyan Huang, Ruimin Li
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is a devastating immune-mediated disorder that has a detrimental effect on the citrus industry, with the distinguishing feature being an eruption of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study explored the alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity, transcriptome, and RNA editing events of organelles in C. sinensis during CLas infection. Results indicated that there were fluctuations in the performance of antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in plants affected by HLB...
December 13, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38052957/elevated-luteinizing-hormone-receptor-signaling-or-selenium-treatment-leads-to-comparable-changes-in-adrenal-cortex%C3%A2-histology-and-androgen-ar-zip9-signaling
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
The importance and regulation of adrenal androgen production and signaling are not completely understood and are scarcely studied. In addition, there is still a search for appropriate animal models and experimental systems for the investigation of adrenal physiology and disease. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) signaling and selenium (Se2+) exposure on androgen adrenal signaling via canonical androgen receptor (AR), and membrane androgen receptor acting as zinc transporter (zinc- and iron-like protein 9; ZIP9)...
December 6, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38030853/ecological-implications-of-stomatal-density-and-stomatal-index-in-the-adult-stage-of-mimosa-l-leguminosae-caesalpinioideae
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos, Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias, Teresa Terrazas, Rosaura Grether
Differences in stomatal density (SD) and stomatal index (SI) are associated with the conditions of the environment in which they are distributed. Mimosa species are important elements in different plant communities, yet knowledge of the ecological implications of its stomatal characteristics is scarce. For this reason, SD and SI were determined in seven Mimosa species from different environments in this study. Five individuals per species were selected, and a sample of leaflets was obtained from each. Fifteen mature leaflets per individual were then extracted and observed by optical microscopy...
November 29, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999805/the-putative-cannabinoid-secreting-trichome-of-trema-micrantha-l-blume-cannabaceae
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Pádua Teixeira, Isabel Cristina Nascimento, Marina Priolo Grejo, Viviane Gonçalves Leite, Sílvia Rodrigues Machado
Trema, a genus of the popularly known Cannabaceae, has recently been the subject of cannabinoid bioprospection. T. micrantha is a tree with pharmacological potential widely used in folk medicine. It has two types of glandular trichomes, bulbous and filiform, spread throughout the plant body. Considering the proximity of this species to Cannabis sativa and Trema orientalis, species containing cannabinoids, the glandular trichomes of T. micrantha are also expected to be related to the secretion of these compounds...
November 24, 2023: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37963978/deciphering-the-regulatory-networks-involved-in-mild-and-severe-salt-stress-responses-in-the-roots-of-wild-grapevine-vitis-vinifera-spp-sylvestris
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samia Daldoul, Faouzia Hanzouli, Hatem Boubakri, Peter Nick, Ahmed Mliki, Mahmoud Gargouri
Transcriptional regulatory networks are pivotal components of plant's response to salt stress. However, plant adaptation strategies varied as a function of stress intensity, which is mainly modulated by climate change. Here, we determined the gene regulatory networks based on transcription factor (TF) TF_gene co-expression, using two transcriptomic data sets generated from the salt-tolerant "Tebaba" roots either treated with 50 mM NaCl (mild stress) or 150 mM NaCl (severe stress). The analysis of these regulatory networks identified specific TFs as key regulatory hubs as evidenced by their multiple interactions with different target genes related to stress response...
November 15, 2023: Protoplasma
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