Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

This article aims to estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MD) on the adult population of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, verifying associated demographic and socioeconomic factors, and to analyze their impact on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) according to sex. A population-based study was conducted with 2,166 individuals using data from the ISACamp 2014/15. The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to measure HRQoL according to MD. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated by Poisson regression...

The scope of this study was to understand the difficulties involving healthcare for people with a drug use problem within the context of specialized mental health services, both nationally and internationally. It involves an integrative review conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases, with the following key words: Drug Users; Mental Health Services; Health Care. Eighteen studies were selected, the inclusion criteria being primary studies, available in full, published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, between January 2016 and January 2021...

This study examined food insecurity in the Quilombola community of Imbiral Cabeça-Branca, in Maranhão, Brazil, during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the last quarter of 2021 with 25 household heads from the community. Most participants were women (52.0%) with low schooling and were unemployed (68.0%), and 76.0% received a Federal Emergency Aid. The mean household density was four people, and houses were predominantly made of rammed earth, lacking basic sanitation. The consumed water came from artesian wells, and most houses had electricity...

The incidence of premature birth has increased worldwide, unequally distributed by race/ethnicity. Racism generates economic inequalities, educational disparities, and differential access to health care, which increases the risk of preterm birth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with preterm birth and racial and ethnic disparities in premature birth among pregnant women attending prenatal care at the Brazilian Unified Health System health units in the urban area of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil...

This is a study on sickle cell disease, a chronic illness that affects many Brazilians, that aims to understand and analyze how people address the adversities arising from the diagnosis and the biographical rupture. The description of people's experiences and strategies conjures a picture that expresses the respondents' habitus, built in a dialectical relationship with the vulnerability determined by the disease. We adopted a qualitative approach and focused interviews as proposed by Merton, combined with the snowball technique, applied to groups related to sickle cell disease on social networks...

This study aimed to analyze how scientific publications described and interpreted findings about the relationship between the Black population and events linked to COVID-19 in 2020. Narrative review with systematic search, in which a survey was conducted on articles published in 2020 in the Scopus, Medline/PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Initially, 665 articles were found, and after reading and applying the eligible criteria, the final number of 45 articles was reached. Epidemiological, observational studies, secondary data and developed in the United States predominated...

This ecological, time-trend study examined rates of homicide against women residing in Brazil, by state and race/colour, from 2016 to 2020, by performing. Multiple analysis by regression model on longitudinal data. During the study period, 20,405 homicides of women were recorded in Brazil. Standardised homicides rates were higher among black women (6.1/100,000) than among white women (3.4/100,000). From 2016 to 2020, rates decreased 25.2%, from 4.7 deaths per 100,000 women in 2016 to 3.5 in 2020, with a statistically significant downward trend among both black and white women...

Quilombola communities have felt the effects of racism deepened by COVID-19, whose repercussions are amplified in contexts of racial inequalities, characterizing it as a syndemic. The term refers to the synergy of biological, economic, environmental, political, and social elements that enhance coexisting conditions and states, impacting life and affecting health. Thus, our study seeks to analyze the repercussions of the COVID-19 syndemic based on the perceptions of quilombola community leaders in Mato Grosso, Brazil...

This study scrutinizes structural racism's influence on the training and work of Black professionals in primary health care (PHC) in Rio de Janeiro, particularly focusing on the experiences of Black female physicians. Employing a qualitative approach via a Focus Group, conducted in November 2022, we adopted symbolic interactionism to interpret racism-related experiences. Our findings encompass two primary dimensions: the manifestation of structural and institutional racism within the Unified Health System (SUS), and how racism permeates health work processes and consequences...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an emblematic case of historical health neglect in Brazil and reflects how institutional racism produces health inequalities. This article engaged in a historical journey of this disease, showing the delayed implementation of health policies for people with sickle cell disease, often concealed in Public Power's (in)actions and omissions. The lack of commitment to implement the recommendations of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, such as neonatal screening, and the difficulty in incorporating technologies for health care result from this modus operandi...

The aim was to associate living, health and oral health conditions with the quality of life (QL) of children and adolescents (CA) with sickle cell disease (SCD). Of the 120 eligible users of a public hematological service, 106 CA with SCD from 6 to 18 years of age, and their caregivers, answered semi-structured questions about socio-demographic, health and oral health conditions. For QL, we used the validated instrument PedsQLSCD™. The oral clinical examination occurred according to the guidelines of WHO and SB Brazil 2010...

This article proposes a reflection on the imperative of antiracism in collective oral health, which, as a science, field, core, and praxis, contributes significantly to the reconstruction of an ethos that considers equity and enables citizenship and democracy. As a paradigm, we assumed the concept of "Buccality" and the guidelines of the National Comprehensive Health Policy for the Black Population, emphasizing the defense of the right to health as a prerogative of the right to life and the combat against racism and all forms of discrimination systematically...

This ecological study examined time series, from 2002 to 20121, of age-adjusted coefficients of cervical cancer mortality, in Brazil, in women aged 20 years or more, by race. The information sources were Brazil's mortality information system (Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade - SIM) and the official bureau of statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). Annual changes in age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated using the Prais-Winsten linear regression method...

This ecological study of time trends and multiple groups evaluated incompleteness in the race/colour field of Brazilian health information system records and the related time trend, 2009-2018, for the diseases and disorders most prevalent in the black population. The Romero and Cunha (2006) classification was applied in order to examine incompleteness using secondary data from Brazil's National Notifiable Diseases System, Hospital Information System and Mortality Information System, by administrative regions of Brazil, while percentage underreporting and time trend were calculated using simple linear regression models with Prais-Winsten correction (p-value<0...

The present study aimed to investigate the association between racial iniquities and oral health status. This is a systematic review with a protocol registered on the Prospero Platform (CRD42021228417), with searches carried out in electronic databases and in gray literature. Our study identified 3,028 publications. After applying the eligibility criteria and risk of bias analysis, 18 studies were selected. The results indicate that individuals of black/brown race/skin color have unfavorable oral health conditions, mainly represented by self-rated oral health, tooth loss, caries, and periodontitis...

Mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted indicators of Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the YPLL due to mortality caused by COVID-19, according to sex, age group, and race/color in Brazil, from March 2020 to December 2021. Deaths caused by COVID-19 were characterized, in which the rates and ratios of standardized YPLL rates, the average number of years of potential life lost (ANYPLL), and the average age at death (AAD) were estimated and compared. Overall, 13,776,969...

We quilombola women, a documentary that considers the quilombola identity and the right to COVID-19 vaccination, evokes notions of priority, rights, privileges and identity during the process of matching the number of vaccine doses available to citizens' arms. Omission by a Brazilian federal government grounded in necro-politics and denial, plus a lack of information, led quilombo communities to take it on themselves to draw up lists of those eligible for vaccination. The production team's aim was to use images as political language in the health field, so as to document and give visibility to these issues as one illustration of combating social and health inequalities and inequities rooted in structural racism...

This article is part of a study aimed to map antiracist knowledge and practices in mental health by monitoring the practices of three collectives of professionals working in/with the psychosocial care network in the city of São Paulo, allowing us to characterize their intervention strategies. To contribute to the conceptualization of this article, through a review of the decolonial literature, three major ideas have been outlined that have allowed us to give substance to the decolonization of Psychiatric Reform: bewilderment, which, in dialogue with Achille Mbembe and Frantz Fanon, invites us to affirm madness and blackness without, however, establishing fixations; the antimanicolonial, which occurs in the promotion of the free and countercultural exercise of imagining diasporas, in light of that proposed by Édouard Glissant, Paul Gilroy, and Lélia Gonzales regarding an Atlantic (de)orientation in which elements of the black diaspora and Latin America can re-signify blackness and unreason; and aquilombar, as a liberatory praxis whose genesis lies in the quilombos as a living metaphor for the radicalisation of relationships in differences, based on Abdias do Nascimento's quilombismo, Clóvis Moura's quilombagem, Beatriz Nascimento's (k)quilombo, and Mariléa de Almeida's devir quilomba...

Violence is a serious public health issue and constitutes a historical social phenomenon with diverse causes and consequences, and multiple manifestations. The main victims continue to be populations left vulnerable and marginalised, where dimensions including gender, class, race and social belonging intersect. Although studies to explain the phenomenon of violence do address ethnic and racial issues, they tend not to consider violence as stemming also from institutional racism. This paper examines data from a qualitative and quantitative study drawing on focus groups and semi-structured interviews to evaluate symbolic and structural violence experienced by young black people from 15 to 29 years old residing in peripheral neighbourhoods of two Brazilian state capitals - Recife and Fortaleza...

This study examined the oral health-related therapeutic itineraries of quilombola adults in a rural district of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. This qualitative study involved ten semi-structured interviews of adult members of the quilombola community, in May 2021, which were then transcribed and analysed using content analysis. The results showed little or poor oral hygiene at some stage of life, especially in childhood and adolescence, the use of popular oral health care practices, and experiences of professional care featuring tooth extraction...