Ayako Matsumoto, Yasuyuki Nagasawa, Ryouhei Yamamoto, Maki Shinzawa, Hiromitsu Yamazaki, Kensaku Shojima, Ken Shinmura, Yoshitaka Isaka, Kunitoshi Iseki, Kunihiro Yamagata, Ichiei Narita, Tsuneo Konta, Masahide Kondo, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Masato Kasahara, Yugo Shibagaki, Shouichi Fujimoto, Koichi Asahi, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Toshiki Moriyama
INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking is one of the most important life-modifiable risk factors for CVD events. The effect on CKD progression caused by smoking remained uncertain, while the effect on CVD had been established. METHOD: The study population included participants from the specific health check and specific health guidance, an annual health check-up for all inhabitants of Japan who were aged between 40 and 74 years. 149,260 subjects (male, 37.1%; female, 62...
April 6, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology