Acta Medica (Hradec Králové)

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a neuropathic compression of the tibial nerve and its branches on the medial side of the ankle. It is a challenging diagnosis that constitutes symptoms arising from damage to the posterior tibial nerve or its branches as they proceed through the tarsal tunnel below the flexor retinaculum in the medial ankle, easily forgotten and underdiagnosed. Neural compression by vascular structures has been suggested as a possible etiology in some clinical conditions. Tibial artery tortuosity is not that rare, but only that it affects the nerve can cause tarsal tunnel syndrome...

Pilomatricoma, also known as Pilamatrixoma or Malherbe's calcifying epithelioma, is a benign skin tumour with a bimodal age distribution between the paediatric and elderly age groups. Although it was previously thought to be rare, recent studies have revealed that it is quite common. Typically, pilomatricoma is diagnosed following histopathological examination of the lesion as it is frequently misdiagnosed with other types of skin pathology. In our case, the child presented with painless swelling of the left infraauricular region...

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are often promoted as safe. However, real world data tell a different story. The aim of this study is to investigate the type and frequency of adverse reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a randomly selected cohort of unrelated individuals. Adverse reactions to the first/second dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were recorded using an online reporting system called "Pabbly". Patients were asked via social media to report any symptoms temporarily associated with vaccination. One hundred subjects were enrolled...

UNLABELLED: Head and neck cancer has a significant impact on a patient's health related quality of life (HRQOL). The head and neck specific Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI-HN) has been utilised to enhance doctor-patient dialogue in routine consultations. To date there has been no formal training for oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) surgical trainees in the use of the PCI-HN in consultations. The aim of the study was to evaluate training for OMFS surgical trainees in the use of the PCI-HN, using simulated follow-up HNC consultations, in order to improve doctor-patient communication skills...

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a disease with a relatively good prognosis when diagnosed and treated properly. This review aims to analyse available data and combine them into algorithms that physicians can use in the emergency department for quick decision-making in diagnosing and treating PE. The available data show that PE can be excluded through highly sensitive clinical decision rules, i.e. Pulmonary Embolism Rule-Out Criteria (PERC), Wells criteria, and Revised Geneva criteria, combined with D-dimer assessment...

Blood loss in major abdominal surgery is an essential parameter in the evaluation of strategies aimed at reducing perioperative bleeding. It is also an important parameter of quality of the surgical procedure, along with postoperative morbidity and mortality, radicality of the surgical resection, etc. However, blood loss quantification remains unreliable and inaccurate. The methods used to measure blood loss can be categorized as visual estimation, gravimetric method, direct measurement, spectrophotometry, calculation methods, colorimetric analysis, and miscellaneous...

A case report on a 70-year-old male patient with atypical candidal infection on the palate that was misdiagnosed for a tumour based on clinical examination. The lesion was an accidental finding when the patient was at a registered dentist for a preventive check-up.

Vitamin C deficiency resulting in scurvy, is considered to be a rare nutritional disorder in developed countries, thus leading to underdiagnosis with exposure to unnecessary investigations and delay in appropriate treatment. The wide myriad of clinical signs and symptoms with which vitamin C deficiency can present (including haematological, musculoskeletal and vague constitutional symptoms that overlap with other common medical conditions), also contributes to this diagnostic challenge. Despite scurvy being habitually thought to be present in children with neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder, other important at-risk groups that frequently tend to be forgotten include children with persistent fussy eating behaviour, and children with abnormal vitamin C metabolism...

INTRODUCTION: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the standard consolidation option for transplant-eligible patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study is to report the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes after frontline ASCT in newly-diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients in a real-world setting. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, survival analysis of all NDMM patients included in the MM Uruguayan Registry. RESULTS: We included 151 NDMM patients treated with induction therapy followed by high-dose melphalan and ASCT as consolidation...

OBJECTIVES: The management of valgus-impacted neck of femur fracture is controversial between operative and conservative treatments. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the Clinical frailty Score for predicting the prognosis of patients who underwent non-operative treatment for the valgus-impacted neck of femur fracture (NOF). METHODS: A single-centred retrospective review of patients admitted with valgus impacted NOF. Data were collected from patients' records, including demographics, Clinical Frailty Score (CFS), Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) and Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS)...

OBJECTIVES: Unilateral vocal fold palsy independently of etiology results in glottic insufficiency leading to unfavorable short or long-term impact on voice quality. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of injection laryngoplasty using Radiesse® Voice and thyroplasty type I on glottic closure, voice quality and aerodynamics by comparing preoperative, short- and long-term results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 32 consent patients were reviewed between 2012 and 2023...

AIMS: Antiviral drugs are considered as potentially cardiotoxic, due to prolongation of QT interval which may affect incidence of severe ventricular arrhythmias. The main aim of this retrospective study was to assess the influence of treatment by three antiviral drugs on QT interval and to find patients who are at an increased risk of developing malignant ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS: The study included 23 patients (14 men, 9 women) who were treated with a combination of interferon alpha, ribavirin, and an NS3/4A protease inhibitor...

Abstracts from 20th International Medical Doctoral Conference (2023) - New Horizons for PhD Students in Medical Research, Hradec Králové, 29 November - 1 December 2023.

This is a case report describing the uncommon finding of a cystic-like lesion and its management in the anterior chamber of a male patient after cataract surgery.

Brugada syndrome (BRS) is a channelopathy with three characteristic electrocardiogram patterns and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), in the absence of gross structural heart disease. Fever is shown to precipitate ventricular arrhythmias in patients with BRS. Here, we report a rare case of Brugada pattern in a patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) without fever. A baseline ECG should be considered for patients with COVID-19, even in the absence of fever. COVID-19 by itself may be a factor that can induce Brugada pattern ECGs...

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum total Hcy (tHcy) levels with various demographic, clinical and genetic characteristics in healthy Greek adults. METHODS: Anthropometric characteristics (height, weight), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, complete blood count and biochemical assessments, were recorded and measured among 383 Greek adults (199 men). Serum folate, Cobalamin (Cbl) and tHcy levels were determined using immunoassays methods...

In the age homogenous group of 13 healthy volunteers, we examined visual evoked potentials (VEP) visually evoked cognitive potentials (event-related potentials - ERP) and choice reaction time (CRT) five times during the day (from 10.00 a.m. up to midnight) to verify whether there are significant changes of the measured parameters of the cortical evoked potentials and CRT which might reflect the level of the mental fatigue. The electrophysiological testing was done with the use of a new portable VEP device named "VEPpeak" enabling to perform the examination outside standard labs in almost any conditions...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to analyze the absolute count of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, T cells, natural killer cells, B cells and to evaluate the expression of functionally important CD23 and CD200 molecules on B cells in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD), (with and without dupilumab therapy). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 45 patients suffering from AD - 32 patients without dupilumab treatment (10 men, 22 women, average age 35...

Non-contact vital sign monitoring is an area of increasing interest in the clinical scenario since it offers advantages over traditional monitoring using leads and wires. These advantages include reduction in transmission of infection and more freedom of movement. Yet there is a paucity of studies available in the clinical setting particularly in paediatric anaesthesia. This scoping review aims to investigate why contactless monitoring, specifically with red-green-blue cameras, is not implemented in mainstream practise...

We report a case of double aneuploidy in a preterm male newborn with karyotype 48,XXY,+18 whose mother was of advanced age and infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the early stages of her pregnancy. The clinical features observed in the newborn included intrauterine growth retardation, dysmorphic facial features, overlapping fingers on both hands, respiratory distress syndrome, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and bilateral clubfoot, a phenotype that mainly correlates with Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)...