journal
Journals Personality and Social Psychol...

Personality and Social Psychology Review

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520123/a-theoretical-model-of-victimization-perpetration-and-denial-in-mass-atrocities-case-studies-from-indonesia-cambodia-east-timor-and-myanmar
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Idhamsyah Eka Putra, Any Rufaedah, Haidar Buldan Thontowi, Annie Pohlman, Winnifred Louis
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: The present article discusses victimization, perpetration, and denial in mass atrocities, using four recent case studies from Southeast Asia. The four cases include Indonesia (in which hundreds of thousands died in anti-Communist violence), Cambodia (in which the Khmer Rouge killed more than one million civilians), East Timor (in which more than one hundred thousand civilians died during the Indonesian occupation), and Myanmar (in which the state/army is accused of genocide toward the Rohingyas)...
March 23, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477027/beyond-trolleyology-the-cni-model-of-moral-dilemma-responses
#2
REVIEW
Bertram Gawronski, Nyx L Ng
How do people make judgments about actions that violate moral norms yet maximize the greater good (e.g., sacrificing the well-being of a small number of people for the well-being of a larger number of people)? Research on this question has been criticized for relying on highly artificial scenarios and for conflating multiple distinct factors underlying responses in moral dilemmas. The current article reviews research that used a computational modeling approach to disentangle the roles of multiple distinct factors in responses to plausible moral dilemmas based on real-world events...
March 13, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459800/when-people-do-allyship-a-typology-of-allyship-action
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucy De Souza, Toni Schmader
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Despite increased popular and academic interest, there is conceptual ambiguity about what allyship is and the forms it takes. Viewing allyship as a practice, we introduce the typology of allyship action which organizes the diversity of ways that advantaged individuals seek to support those who are disadvantaged. We characterize allyship actions as reactive (addressing bias when it occurs) and proactive (fostering positive outcomes such as feelings of inclusion, respect, and capacity), both of which can vary in level of analysis (i...
March 9, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38345247/power-to-detect-what-considerations-for-planning-and-evaluating-sample-size
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roger Giner-Sorolla, Amanda K Montoya, Alan Reifman, Tom Carpenter, Neil A Lewis, Christopher L Aberson, Dries H Bostyn, Beverly G Conrique, Brandon W Ng, Alexander M Schoemann, Courtney Soderberg
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: In the wake of the replication crisis, social and personality psychologists have increased attention to power analysis and the adequacy of sample sizes. In this article, we analyze current controversies in this area, including choosing effect sizes, why and whether power analyses should be conducted on already-collected data, how to mitigate the negative effects of sample size criteria on specific kinds of research, and which power criterion to use. For novel research questions, we advocate that researchers base sample sizes on effects that are likely to be cost-effective for other people to implement (in applied settings) or to study (in basic research settings), given the limitations of interest-based minimums or field-wide effect sizes...
February 12, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314773/on-personality-measures-and-their-data-a-classification-of-measurement-approaches-and-their-recommended-uses
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John D Mayer, Victoria M Bryan
We employ a new approach for classifying methods of personality measurement such as self-judgment, mental ability , and lifespace measures and the data they produce. We divide these measures into two fundamental groups: personal-source data , which arise from the target person's own reports, and external-source data , which derive from the areas surrounding the person. These two broad classes are then further divided according to what they target and the response processes that produce them. We use the model to organize roughly a dozen kinds of data currently employed in the field...
February 5, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38193400/two-years-into-the-next-chapter-at-pspr
#6
EDITORIAL
Jonathan M Adler, Kathleen R Bogart, Cindy McPherson Frantz, Phia S Salter, Amber Gayle Thalmayer
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 9, 2024: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146705/connecting-to-community-a-social-identity-approach-to-neighborhood-mental-health
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Alexander Haslam, Polly Fong, Catherine Haslam, Tegan Cruwys
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Integrative theorizing is needed to advance our understanding of the relationship between where a person lives and their mental health. To this end, we introduce a social identity model that provides an integrated explanation of the ways in which social-psychological processes mediate and moderate the links between neighborhood and mental health. In developing this model, we first review existing models that are derived primarily from a resource-availability perspective informed by research in social epidemiology, health geography, and urban sociology...
December 26, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37876180/mental-time-travel-as-self-affirmation
#8
REVIEW
Elena Stephan, Constantine Sedikides
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: This article integrates and advances the scope of research on the role of mental time travel in bolstering the self. We propose that imagining the self in the future (prospection) or in the past (retrospection) highlights central and positive self-aspects. Thus, bringing to mind one's future or past broadens the perceived bases of self-integrity and offers a route to self-affirmation. In reviewing corresponding research programs on self-prospection and nostalgia, we illustrate that mental time travel serves to affirm the self in terms of self-esteem, coherence, and control...
October 24, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37864514/mobilizing-or-sedative-effects-a-narrative-review-of-the-association-between-intergroup-contact-and-collective-action-among-advantaged-and-disadvantaged-groups
#9
REVIEW
Veronica Margherita Cocco, Loris Vezzali, Sofia Stathi, Gian Antonio Di Bernardo, John F Dovidio
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: In this narrative review, we examined 134 studies of the relationship between intergroup contact and collective action benefiting disadvantaged groups. We aimed to identify whether, when, and why contact has mobilizing effects (promoting collective action) or sedative effects (inhibiting collective action). For both moderators and mediators, factors associated with the intergroup situation (compared with those associated with the out-group or the in-group) emerged as the most important...
October 21, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37776304/insight-in-the-conspiracist-s-mind
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sander Van de Cruys, Jo Bervoets, Stephen Gadsby, David Gijbels, Karolien Poels
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: The motto of the conspiracist, "Do your own research," may seem ludicrous to scientists. Indeed, it is often dismissed as a mere rhetorical device that conspiracists use to give themselves the semblance of science. In this perspective paper, we explore the information-seeking activities ("research") that conspiracists do engage in. Drawing on the experimental psychology of aha experiences, we explain how these activities, as well as the epistemic experiences that precede (curiosity) or follow (insight or "aha" experiences) them, may play a crucial role in the appeal and development of conspiracy beliefs...
September 30, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37728098/studying-emotion-regulation-success-in-daily-life-distinctions-from-maladaptive-regulation-and-dysregulation
#11
REVIEW
Tabea Springstein, Tammy English
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: This paper aims to motivate research on emotion regulation success in naturalistic settings. We define emotion regulation success as achieving one's emotion regulation goal and differentiate it from related concepts (i.e., maladaptive regulation and dysregulation). As goals vary across individuals and situations, it is insufficient to conceptualize emotion regulation success as maximizing positive affect and minimizing negative affect. Instead, emotion regulation success can be measured through novel approaches targeting the achievement of emotion regulation goals...
September 20, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37667857/the-intergroup-value-protection-model-a-theoretically-integrative-and-dynamic-approach-to-intergroup-conflict-escalation-in-democratic-societies
#12
REVIEW
Martijn van Zomeren, Chantal d'Amore, Inga Lisa Pauls, Eric Shuman, Ana Leal
SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT: We review social-psychological evidence for a theoretically integrative and dynamic model of intergroup conflict escalation within democratic societies. Viewing individuals as social regulators who protect their social embeddedness (e.g., in their group or in society), the intergroup value protection model (IVPM) integrates key insights and concepts from moral and group psychology (e.g., group identification, outrage, moralization, protest) into a functional intergroup value protection process...
September 5, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37571846/the-migration-experience-a-conceptual-framework-and-systematic-scoping-review-of-psychological-acculturation
#13
REVIEW
Jannis Kreienkamp, Laura F Bringmann, Raili F Engler, Peter de Jonge, Kai Epstude
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: One of the key challenges to researching psychological acculturation is the immense heterogeneity in theories and measures. These inconsistencies make it difficult to compare past literature, hinder straightforward measurement selections, and stifle theoretical integration. To structure acculturation, we propose to utilize the four basic aspects of human experiences (wanting, feeling, thinking, and doing) as a conceptual framework. We use this framework to build a theory-driven assessment of past theoretical (final N = 92), psychometric (final N = 233), and empirical literature (final N = 530)...
August 11, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37386819/believing-that-we-can-change-our-world-for-the-better-a-triple-a-agent-action-aim-framework-of-self-efficacy-beliefs-in-the-context-of-collective-social-and-ecological-aims
#14
REVIEW
Karen R S Hamann, Marlis C Wullenkord, Gerhard Reese, Martijn van Zomeren
Many people do not act together against climate change or social inequalities because they feel they or their group cannot make a difference. Understanding how people come to feel that they can achieve something (a perception of self-efficacy ) is therefore crucial for motivating people to act together for a better world. However, it is difficult to summarize already existing self-efficacy research because previous studies have used many different ways of naming and measuring it. In this article, we uncover the problems that this raises and propose the triple-A framework as a solution...
June 29, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37226514/self-and-other-orientation-in-high-rank-a-cultural-psychological-approach-to-social-hierarchy
#15
REVIEW
Matthias S Gobel, Yuri Miyamoto
Social hierarchy is one fundamental aspect of human life, structuring interactions in families, teams, and entire societies. In this review, we put forward a new theory about how social hierarchy is shaped by the wider societal contexts (i.e., cultures). Comparing East Asian and Western cultural contexts, we show how culture comprises societal beliefs about who can raise to high rank (e.g., become a leader), shapes interactions between high- and low-ranking individuals (e.g., in a team), and influences human thought and behavior in social hierarchies...
May 25, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37212415/motivated-categories-social-structures-shape-the-construction-of-social-categories-through-attentional-mechanisms
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suraiya Allidina, William A Cunningham
Social categories like race and gender often give rise to stereotypes and prejudice, and a great deal of research has focused on how motivations influence these biased beliefs. Here, we focus on potential biases in how these categories are even formed in the first place, suggesting that motivations can influence the very categories people use to group others. We propose that motivations to share schemas with other people and to gain resources shape people's attention to dimensions like race, gender, and age in different contexts...
May 22, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36951208/dress-is-a-fundamental-component-of-person-perception
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neil Hester, Eric Hehman
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Clothing, hairstyle, makeup, and accessories influence first impressions. However, target dress is notably absent from current theories and models of person perception. We discuss three reasons for this minimal attention to dress in person perception: high theoretical complexity, incompatibility with traditional methodology, and underappreciation by the groups who have historically guided research in person perception. We propose a working model of person perception that incorporates target dress alongside target face, target body, context, and perceiver characteristics...
March 23, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36632745/the-ongoing-development-of-strength-based-approaches-to-people-who-hold-systemically-marginalized-identities
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David M Silverman, R Josiah Rosario, Ivan A Hernandez, Mesmin Destin
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Personality and social psychology have historically viewed individuals' systemically marginalized identities (e.g., as people of color, as coming from a lower-income background) as barriers to their success. Such a deficit-based perspective limits psychological science by overlooking the broader experiences, value, perspectives, and strengths that individuals who face systemic marginalization often bring to their societies. The current article aims to support future research in incorporating a strength-based lens through tracing psychology's journey away from an emphasis on deficits among people who contend with systemic marginalization and toward three distinct strength-based approaches: the universal strengths, difference-as-strength , and identity-specific strengths approaches ...
January 12, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36628932/social-psychology-of-and-for-world-making
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Séamus A Power, Tania Zittoun, Sanne Akkerman, Brady Wagoner, Martina Cabra, Flora Cornish, Hana Hawlina, Brett Heasman, Kesi Mahendran, Charis Psaltis, Antti Rajala, Angela Veale, Alex Gillespie
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Social psychology's disconnect from the vital and urgent questions of people's lived experiences reveals limitations in the current paradigm. We draw on a related perspective in social psychology1 -the sociocultural approach-and argue how this perspective can be elaborated to consider not only social psychology as a historical science but also social psychology of and for world-making. This conceptualization can make sense of key theoretical and methodological challenges faced by contemporary social psychology...
January 11, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36597588/when-is-masculinity-fragile-an-expectancy-discrepancy-threat-model-of-masculine-identity
#20
REVIEW
Adam Stanaland, Sarah Gaither, Anna Gassman-Pines
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT: Manhood is a precarious social status. Under perceived gender identity threat, men are disproportionately likely to enact certain stereotype-consistent responses such as aggression to maintain their gender status. Yet less is known regarding individual variation in men's threat responsiveness-that is, the psychological conditions under which one's masculine identity is more or less "fragile." We propose a novel model of masculine identity whereby masculine norm expectancy generates discrepancy within the self to the extent that rigid norms are internalized as obligational (actual-ought discrepancy) versus aspirational (actual-ideal discrepancy), which predict extrinsic versus intrinsic motivations to reduce these discrepancies, respectively...
January 3, 2023: Personality and Social Psychology Review
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