Alberto Palazzuoli, Gaetano Ruocco, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Simona Pavoncelli, Elvira Delcuratolo, Antonio Abbate, Carl J Lavie
In the last decades, several classifications and definitions have been proposed for advanced heart failure (ADVHF) patients, including clinical, functional, hemodynamic, imaging, and electrocardiographic features. Despite different inclusion criteria, ADVHF is characterized by some common items, such as drug intolerance, low arterial pressure, multiple organ dysfunction, chronic kidney disease, and diuretic use dependency. Additional features include fatigue, hypotension, hyponatremia, and unintentional weight loss associated with a specific laboratory profile reflecting systemic multiorgan dysfunction...
January 29, 2024: Heart Failure Reviews