journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513939/decrypting-biocontrol-functions-and-application-modes-by-genomes-data-of-three-trichoderma-strains-species
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shida Ji, Bin Liu, Jing Han, Ning Kong, Yongfeng Yang, Yucheng Wang, Zhihua Liu
Trichoderma is an excellent biocontrol agent, but most Trichoderma genomes remained at the scaffold level, which greatly limits the research of biocontrol mechanism. Here, we reported the chromosome-level genome of Trichoderma harzianum CGMCC20739 (Tha739), T. asperellum CGMCC11653 (Tas653) and T. atroviride CGMCC40488 (Tat488), they were assembled into 7 chromosomes, genome size were 40 Mb (10,611 genes), 37.3 Mb (10,102 genes) and 36.3 Mb (9,896 genes), respectively. The positive selected genes of three strains were associated to response to stimulus, signaling transduction, immune system and localization...
March 19, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503389/identification-of-two-genes-essential-for-basidiospore-formation-during-the-postmeiotic-stages-in-pleurotus-ostreatus
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeshi Kobukata, Takehito Nakazawa, Fuga Yamasaki, Junko Sugano, Minji Oh, Moriyuki Kawauchi, Masahiro Sakamoto, Yoichi Honda
A sporeless strain is an important breeding target in the mushroom industry. However, basidiospore production in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus has been shown to be impaired by single-gene mutations in only two meiosis-related genes, mer3 and msh4. This study proposed a strategy for identifying the genes essential for basidiospore formation after meiotic division to determine new targets for molecular breeding. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify P. ostreatus genes that are specifically expressed in the gill tissue of fruiting bodies, where basidiospore formation occurs...
March 17, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485050/fungal-microtubule-organizing-centers-are-evolutionarily-unstable-structures
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Grazzini, Ann M Cavanaugh
For most Eukaryotic species the requirements of cilia formation dictate the structure of microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). In this study we find that loss of cilia corresponds to loss of evolutionary stability for fungal MTOCs. We used iterative search algorithms to identify proteins homologous to those found in saccharomyces cerevisiae, and schizosaccharomyces pombe MTOCs, and calculated site-specific rates of change for those proteins that were broadly phylogenetically distributed. Our results indicate that both the protein composition of MTOCs as well as the sequence of MTOC proteins are poorly conserved throughout the fungal kingdom...
March 12, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485049/utilization-of-plant-derived-sugars-and-lipids-are-coupled-during-colonization-of-rhizoplane-and-rhizosphere-by-the-fungus-metarhizium-robertsii
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Dai, Xingyuan Tang, Congcong Wu, Shuxing Liu, Wubin Mi, Weiguo Fang
Plant-derived sugars and lipids are key nutritional sources for plant associated fungi. However, the relationship between utilization of host-derived sugars and lipids during development of the symbiotic association remains unknown. Here we show that the fungus Metarhizium robertsii also needs plant-derived lipids to develop symbiotic relationship with plants. The fatty acid binding proteins FABP1 and FABP2 are important for utilization of plant-derived lipids as the deletion of Fabp1 and Fabp2 significantly reduced the ability of M...
March 12, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447800/coordination-of-two-regulators-ssca-and-vosa-in-aspergillus-nidulans-conidia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ye-Eun Son, Hee-Soo Park
Airborne fungal spores are a major cause of fungal diseases in humans, animals, and plants as well as contamination of foods. Previous studies found a variety of regulators including VosA, VelB, WetA, and SscA for sporogenesis and the long-term viability in Aspergillus nidulans. To gain a mechanistic understanding of the complex regulatory mechanisms in asexual spores, here, we focused on the relationship between VosA and SscA using comparative transcriptomic analysis and phenotypic studies. The ΔsscA ΔvosA double-mutant conidia have lower spore viability and stress tolerance compared to the ΔsscA or ΔvosA single mutant conidia...
March 4, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367800/the-genus-acrophialophora-history-phylogeny-morphology-beneficial-effects-and-pathogenicity
#6
REVIEW
Zoha Daroodi, Parissa Taheri
The genus Acrophialophora is a thermotolerant fungus, which is widely distributed in temperate and tropical zones. This fungus is classified in Ascomycota and belongs to the Chaetomiaceae family and the genera of Parathielavia, Pseudothielavia and Hyalosphaerella are closely related to Acrophialophora. For this genus have been reported 28 species so far, which two species of Acrophialophora jodhpurensis and Acrophialophora teleoafricana produce only sexual phase and other species produce asexual form. Therefore, producing both sexual and asexual forms were not reported by any species...
February 15, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367799/the-serine-threonine-protein-kinase-snf1-orchestrates-the-expression-of-plant-cell-wall-degrading-enzymes-and-is-required-for-full-virulence-of-the-maize-pathogen-colletotrichum-graminicola
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alan de Oliveira Silva, Bennet Rohan Fernando Devasahayam, Lala Aliyeva-Schnorr, Chirlei Glienke, Holger B Deising
Colletotrichum graminicola, the causal agent of maize leaf anthracnose and stalk rot, differentiates a pressurized infection cell called an appressorium in order to invade the epidermal cell, and subsequently forms biotrophic and necrotrophic hyphae to colonize the host tissue. While the role of force in appressorial penetration is established (Bechinger et al., 1999), the involvement of cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) in this process and in tissue colonization is poorly understood, due to the enormous number and functional redundancy of these enzymes...
February 15, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307402/role-of-pmk1-mpk1-or-hog1-in-the-mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-pathway-of-aspergillus-cristatus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lulu Liu, Longyue Li, Fengyi Li, Wei Ma, Wei Guo, Xu Fang
Aspergillus cristatus is a probiotic fungus known for its safety and abundant secondary metabolites, making it a promising candidate for various applications. However, limited progress has been made in researching A. cristatus due to challenges in genetic manipulation. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in numerous physiological processes, but its specific role in A. cristatus remains unclear. In this study, we successfully developed an efficient polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation method for A...
January 31, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38266703/rho-3-plays-a-significant-role-in-hyphal-extension-rate-conidiation-and-the-integrity-of-the-spitzenk%C3%A3-rper-in-neurospora-crassa
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martha M Ornelas-Llamas, Luis L Pérez-Mozqueda, Olga A Callejas-Negrete, Ernestina Castro-Longoria
The Rho family of monomeric GTPases act as signaling proteins to establish and maintain cell polarity and other essential cellular processes. Rho3 is a GTPase of the Rho family that is exclusive of fungi that regulate cell polarity in yeast. However, studies have yet to explore its function in filamentous fungi. In this work, we investigated the role of RHO-3 in the model organism Neurospora crassa. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that RHO-3 localizes in the outer region of the Spitzenkörper (Spk), in the plasma membrane from region II to the beginning of region III, and in the septa of mature hyphae...
January 22, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246260/awsclb-regulates-a-network-for-aspergillus-westerdijkiae-asexual-sporulation-and-secondary-metabolism-independent-of-the-fungal-light-control
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gang Wang, Yibing Liu, Yafan Hu, Jiaqi Pan, Zifan Wei, Bowen Tai, Bolei Yang, Erfeng Li, Fuguo Xing
As a prevalent pathogenic fungus, Aspergillus westerdijkiae poses a threat to both food safety and human health. The fungal growth, conidia production and ochratoxin A (OTA) in A. weterdijkiae are regulated by many factors especially transcription factors. In this study, a transcription factor AwSclB in A. westerdijkiae was identified and its function in asexual sporulation and OTA biosynthesis was investigated. In addition, the effect of light control on AwSclB regulation was also tested. The deletion of AwSclB gene could reduce conidia production by down-regulation of conidia genes and increase OTA biosynthesis by up-regulation of cluster genes, regardless under light or dark conditions...
January 19, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218228/genomic-transcriptomic-and-ecological-diversity-of-penicillium-species-in-cheese-rind-microbiomes
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruby Ye, Megan Biango-Daniels, Jacob L Steenwyk, Antonis Rokas, Nicolas Louw, Robert Nardella, Benjamin E Wolfe
Although Penicillium molds can have significant impacts on agricultural, industrial, and biomedical systems, the ecological roles of Penicillium species in many microbiomes are not well characterized. Here we utilized a collection of 35 Penicillium strains isolated from cheese rinds to broadly investigate the genomic potential for secondary metabolism in cheese-associated Penicillium species, the impact of Penicillium on bacterial community assembly, and mechanisms of Penicillium-bacteria interactions. Using antiSMASH, we identified 1558 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), 406 of which were mapped to known pathways, including several mycotoxins and antimicrobial compounds...
January 11, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38199492/methyl-jasmonate-differentially-and-tissue-specifically-regulated-the-expression-of-arginine-catabolism-related-genes-and-proteins-in-agaricus-bisporus-mushrooms-during-storage
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanyue Jiang, Huadong Wang, Xiuhong Wang, Yating Wang, Rui Song, Shuai Yuan, Zhenchuan Fan, Demei Meng
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-regulated postharvest quality retention of Agaricus bisporus fruiting bodies is associated with arginine catabolism. However, the mechanism of MeJA-regulated arginine catabolism in edible mushrooms is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory modes of MeJA on the expression of arginine catabolism-related genes and proteins in intact and different tissues of A. bisporus mushrooms during storage. Results showed that exogenous MeJA treatment activated endogenous JA biosynthesis in A...
January 8, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38154756/creating-large-chromosomal-segment-deletions-in-aspergillus-flavus-by-a-dual-crispr-cas9-system-deletion-of-gene-clusters-for-production-of-aflatoxin-cyclopiazonic-acid-and-ustiloxin-b
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Perng-Kuang Chang
Aspergillus flavus produces hepatocarcinogenic aflatoxin that adversely impacts human and animal health and international trade. A promising means to manage preharvest aflatoxin contamination of crops is biological control, which employs non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates possessing defective aflatoxin gene clusters to outcompete field toxigenic populations. However, these isolates often produce other toxic metabolites. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology has greatly advanced genome editing and gene functional studies...
December 26, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38128716/multi-locus-sequence-typing-and-phylogenetics-of-cryptococcus-neoformans-ad-hybrids
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Cogliati, P E Chidebelu, M Hitchcock, M Chen, V Rickerts, S Ackermann, M Desnos Ollivier, J Inácio, U Nawrot, M Florek, K J Kwon-Chung, D-H Yang, C Firacative, C A Puime, P Escandon, S Bertout, F Roger, J Xu
Hybrid AD strains of the human pathogenic Cryptococcus neoformans species complex have been reported from many parts of the world. However, their origin, diversity, and evolution are incompletely understood. In this study, we analyzed 102 AD hybrid strains representing 21 countries on five continents. For each strain, we obtained its mating type and its allelic sequences at each of the seven loci that have been used for genotyping haploid serotypes A and D strains of the species complex by the Cryptococcus research community...
December 19, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114017/unidirectional-mating-type-switching-underpinned-by-a-conserved-mat1-locus-architecture
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P Markus Wilken, Frances A Lane, Emma T Steenkamp, Michael J Wingfield, Brenda D Wingfield
Unidirectional mating-type switching is a form of homothallic reproduction known only in a small number of filamentous ascomycetes. Their ascospores can give rise to either self-sterile isolates that require compatible partners for subsequent sexual reproduction, or self-fertile individuals capable of completing this process in isolation. The limited studies previously conducted in these fungi suggest that the differences in mating specificity are determined by the architecture of the MAT1 locus. In self-fertile isolates that have not undergone unidirectional mating-type switching, the locus contains both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 mating-type genes, typical of primary homothallism...
December 17, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114016/pathogenicity-chromosome-of-fusarium-oxysporum-f-sp-cepae
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kosei Sakane, Mitsunori Akiyama, Sudisha Jogaiah, Shin-Ichi Ito, Kazunori Sasaki
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) is the causative agent of Fusarium basal rot disease in onions, which leads to catastrophic global crop production losses. Therefore, the interaction of Foc with its host has been actively investigated, and the pathogen-specific (PS) regions of the British strain Foc_FUS2 have been identified. However, it has not been experimentally determined whether the identified PS region plays a role in pathogenicity. To identify the pathogenicity chromosome in the Japanese strain Foc_TA, we initially screened effector candidates, defined as small proteins with a signal peptide that contain two or more cysteines, from genome sequence data...
December 17, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38101696/sequence-capture-identifies-fastidious-chytrid-fungi-directly-from-host-tissue
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin P Mulder, Anna E Savage, Brian Gratwicke, Joyce E Longcore, Ed Bronikowski, Matthew Evans, Ana V Longo, Naoko P Kurata, Tim Walsh, Frank Pasmans, Nancy McInerney, Suzan Murray, An Martel, Robert C Fleischer
The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) was discovered in 1998 as the cause of chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease causing mass declines in amphibian populations worldwide. The rapid population declines of the 1970s-1990s were likely caused by the spread of a highly virulent lineage belonging to the Bd-GPL clade that was introduced to naïve susceptible populations. Multiple genetically distinct and regional lineages of Bd have since been isolated and sequenced, greatly expanding the known biological diversity within this fungal pathogen...
December 13, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38048937/cferp3-regulates-growth-conidiation-inducing-ipomeamarone-and-the-pathogenicity-of-ceratocystis-fimbriata
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changgen Li, Hao Cong, Xiaoying Cao, Yong Sun, Kailun Lu, Ludan Li, Yiming Wang, Yongjing Zhang, Qiang Li, Jihong Jiang, Lianwei Li
The Erp3 protein, which is an important member of the p24 family, is primarily responsible for the transport of cargo from the ER to the Golgi apparatus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the function of Erp3 in plant pathogenic fungi has not been reported. In this study, we characterized the ERP3 gene in Ceratocystis fimbriata, which causes the devastating disease sweetpotato black rot. The ΔCferp3 mutants exhibited slow growth, reduced conidia production, attenuated virulence, and reduced ability to induce host to produce toxins...
December 2, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38040325/multi-locus-sequencing-typing-reveals-geographically-related-intraspecies-variability-of-sporothrix-brasiliensis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa Brito de Souza Rabello, Marcus de Melo Teixeira, Wieland Meyer, Laszlo Irinyi, Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Vanice Rodrigues Poester, José Guillermo Pereira Brunelli, Fernando Almeida-Silva, Andrea Reis Bernardes-Engemann, Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião, Débora Ferreira Dos Santos Angelo, Inácio José Clementino, Rodrigo Almeida-Paes, Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by pathogenic Sporothrix species. Among them, Sporothrix brasiliensis is the main species associated with endemic regions in South America, especially Brazil. It is highly virulent and can be spread through zoonotic transmission. Molecular epidemiological surveys are needed to determine the extent of genetic variation, to investigate outbreaks, and to identify genotypes associated with antifungal resistance and susceptibility. This study investigated the sequence variation of different constitutive genes and established a novel multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for S...
November 29, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989450/polymorphisms-at-amino-acid-positions-85-and-86-in-succinate-dehydrogenase-subunit-c-of-colletotrichum-siamense-implications-for-fitness-and-intrinsic-sensitivity-to-sdhi-fungicides
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yurong Qiu, Yaling Meng, Wenxu Lian, Shasha Jian, Yannan Du, Meng Wang, Ye Yang, Xiaoyu Liang, Yu Zhang
Among succinate dehydrogenase inhibiter (SDHI) fungicides, penthiopyrad and benzovindiflupyr particularly inhibit Colletotrichum. Studying SDH amino acid polymorphism in Colletotrichum, along with its fungicide binding sites, is key to understanding their mechanisms of action. This study explores the SDH amino acid polymorphisms in Colletotrichum siamense strains from rubber trees in China and their interaction with SDHI fungicides, specifically penthiopyrad and benzovindiflupyr. Sequencing revealed most polymorphisms were in the SDHC subunit, particularly at positions 85 and 86, which are key to penthiopyrad resistance...
November 19, 2023: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
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