journal
Journals Annual Review of Cell and Deve...

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843930/neofunctionalization-of-toll-signaling-in-insects-from-immunity-to-dorsoventral-patterning
#1
REVIEW
Siegfried Roth
Toll signaling plays a crucial role in pathogen defense throughout the animal kingdom. It was discovered, however, for its function in dorsoventral (DV) axis formation in Drosophila . In all other insects studied so far, but not outside the insects, Toll is also required for DV patterning. However, in insects more distantly related to Drosophila , Toll's patterning role is frequently reduced and substituted by an expanded influence of BMP signaling, the pathway implicated in DV axis formation in all major metazoan lineages...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843929/mechanisms-of-regeneration-and-fibrosis-in-the-endometrium
#2
REVIEW
Claire J Ang, Taylor D Skokan, Kara L McKinley
The uterine lining (endometrium) regenerates repeatedly over the life span as part of its normal physiology. Substantial portions of the endometrium are shed during childbirth (parturition) and, in some species, menstruation, but the tissue is rapidly rebuilt without scarring, rendering it a powerful model of regeneration in mammals. Nonetheless, following some assaults, including medical procedures and infections, the endometrium fails to regenerate and instead forms scars that may interfere with normal endometrial function and contribute to infertility...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843928/following-the-birth-life-and-death-of-mrnas-in-single-cells
#3
REVIEW
Bastian T Eichenberger, Esther Griesbach, Jessica Mitchell, Jeffrey A Chao
Recent advances in single-molecule imaging of mRNAs in fixed and living cells have enabled the lives of mRNAs to be studied with unprecedented spatial and temporal detail. These approaches have moved beyond simply being able to observe specific events and have begun to allow an understanding of how regulation is coupled between steps in the mRNA life cycle. Additionally, these methodologies are now being applied in multicellular systems and animals to provide more nuanced insights into the physiological regulation of RNA metabolism...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843927/when-we-publish-accuracy-and-quality-control-in-the-time-of-open-access
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruth Lehmann
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843926/the-unreasonable-effectiveness-of-reaction-diffusion-in-vertebrate-skin-color-patterning
#5
REVIEW
Michel C Milinkovitch, Ebrahim Jahanbakhsh, Szabolcs Zakany
In 1952, Alan Turing published the reaction-diffusion (RD) mathematical framework, laying the foundations of morphogenesis as a self-organized process emerging from physicochemical first principles. Regrettably, this approach has been widely doubted in the field of developmental biology. First, we summarize Turing's line of thoughts to alleviate the misconception that RD is an artificial mathematical construct. Second, we discuss why phenomenological RD models are particularly effective for understanding skin color patterning at the meso/macroscopic scales, without the need to parameterize the profusion of variables at lower scales...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843925/the-tubulin-code-from-molecules-to-health-and-disease
#6
REVIEW
Elizabeth D McKenna, Stephanie L Sarbanes, Steven W Cummings, Antonina Roll-Mecak
Microtubules are essential dynamic polymers composed of α/β-tubulin heterodimers. They support intracellular trafficking, cell division, cellular motility, and other essential cellular processes. In many species, both α-tubulin and β-tubulin are encoded by multiple genes with distinct expression profiles and functionality. Microtubules are further diversified through abundant posttranslational modifications, which are added and removed by a suite of enzymes to form complex, stereotyped cellular arrays...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37607470/tissue-biology-in-search-of-a-new-paradigm
#7
REVIEW
Miri Adler, Arun R Chavan, Ruslan Medzhitov
Animal tissues are made up of multiple cell types that are increasingly well-characterized, yet our understanding of the core principles that govern tissue organization is still incomplete. This is in part because many observable tissue characteristics, such as cellular composition and spatial patterns, are emergent properties, and as such, they cannot be explained through the knowledge of individual cells alone. Here we propose a complex systems theory perspective to address this fundamental gap in our understanding of tissue biology...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37540844/transcription-factor-dynamics-one-molecule-at-a-time
#8
REVIEW
Kaustubh Wagh, Diana A Stavreva, Arpita Upadhyaya, Gordon L Hager
Cells must tightly regulate their gene expression programs and yet rapidly respond to acute biochemical and biophysical cues within their environment. This information is transmitted to the nucleus through various signaling cascades, culminating in the activation or repression of target genes. Transcription factors (TFs) are key mediators of these signals, binding to specific regulatory elements within chromatin. While live-cell imaging has conclusively proven that TF-chromatin interactions are highly dynamic, how such transient interactions can have long-term impacts on developmental trajectories and disease progression is still largely unclear...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37339680/trna-dysregulation-in-neurodevelopmental-and-neurodegenerative-diseases
#9
REVIEW
Robert W Burgess, Erik Storkebaum
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) decode messenger RNA codons to peptides at the ribosome. The nuclear genome contains many tRNA genes for each amino acid and even each anticodon. Recent evidence indicates that expression of these tRNAs in neurons is regulated, and they are not functionally redundant. When specific tRNA genes are nonfunctional, this results in an imbalance between codon demand and tRNA availability. Furthermore, tRNAs are spliced, processed, and posttranscriptionally modified. Defects in these processes lead to neurological disorders...
October 16, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37437210/the-mexican-tetra-astyanax-mexicanus-as-a-model-system-in-cell-and-developmental-biology
#10
REVIEW
Pavani Ponnimbaduge Perera, David Perez Guerra, Misty R Riddle
Our understanding of cell and developmental biology has been greatly aided by a focus on a small number of model organisms. However, we are now in an era where techniques to investigate gene function can be applied across phyla, allowing scientists to explore the diversity and flexibility of developmental mechanisms and gain a deeper understanding of life. Researchers comparing the eyeless cave-adapted Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus , with its river-dwelling counterparts are revealing how the development of the eye, pigment, brain, cranium, blood, and digestive system evolves as animals adapt to new environments...
July 12, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37418775/a-fish-eye-view-retinal-morphogenesis-from-optic-cup-to-neuronal-lamination
#11
REVIEW
Caren Norden
The neural retina, at the back of the eye, is a fascinating system to use to discover how cells form tissues in the context of the developing nervous system. The retina is the tissue responsible for perception and transmission of visual information from the environment. It consists of five types of neurons and one type of glia cells that are arranged in a highly organized, layered structure to assure visual information flow. To reach this highly ordered arrangement, intricate morphogenic movements are occurring at the cell and tissue levels...
July 7, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37418774/control-of-tissue-development-by-morphogens
#12
REVIEW
Anna Kicheva, James Briscoe
Intercellular signaling molecules, known as morphogens, act at a long range in developing tissues to provide spatial information and control properties such as cell fate and tissue growth. The production, transport, and removal of morphogens shape their concentration profiles in time and space. Downstream signaling cascades and gene regulatory networks within cells then convert the spatiotemporal morphogen profiles into distinct cellular responses. The current challenges are to understand the diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying morphogen gradient formation, as well as the logic of downstream regulatory circuits involved in morphogen interpretation...
July 7, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37406300/filopodia-in-vitro-and-in-vivo
#13
REVIEW
Thomas C A Blake, Jennifer L Gallop
Filopodia are dynamic cell surface protrusions used for cell motility, pathogen infection, and tissue development. The molecular mechanisms determining how and where filopodia grow and retract need to integrate mechanical forces and membrane curvature with extracellular signaling and the broader state of the cytoskeleton. The involved actin regulatory machinery nucleates, elongates, and bundles actin filaments separately from the underlying actin cortex. The refined membrane and actin geometry of filopodia, importance of tissue context, high spatiotemporal resolution required, and high degree of redundancy all limit current models...
July 5, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37406299/rbg-motif-bridge-like-lipid-transport-proteins-structure-functions-and-open-questions
#14
REVIEW
Michael Hanna, Andrés Guillén-Samander, Pietro De Camilli
The life of eukaryotic cells requires the transport of lipids between membranes, which are separated by the aqueous environment of the cytosol. Vesicle-mediated traffic along the secretory and endocytic pathways and lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) cooperate in this transport. Until recently, known LTPs were shown to carry one or a few lipids at a time and were thought to mediate transport by shuttle-like mechanisms. Over the last few years, a new family of LTPs has been discovered that is defined by a repeating β-groove (RBG) rod-like structure with a hydrophobic channel running along their entire length...
July 5, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37339682/-cis-interactions-of-membrane-receptors-and-ligands
#15
REVIEW
Enfu Hui
Cell-cell communication is critical for the development and function of multicellular organisms. A crucial means by which cells communicate with one another is physical interactions between receptors on one cell and their ligands on a neighboring cell. Trans ligand:receptor interactions activate the receptor, ultimately leading to changes in the fate of the receptor-expressing cells. Such trans signaling is known to be critical for the functions of cells in the nervous and immune systems, among others. Historically, trans interactions are the primary conceptual framework for understanding cell-cell communication...
June 20, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37339681/the-logic-of-transgenerational-inheritance-timescales-of-adaptation
#16
REVIEW
Titas Sengupta, Rachel Kaletsky, Coleen T Murphy
Myriad mechanisms have evolved to adapt to changing environments. Environmental stimuli alter organisms' physiology to create memories of previous environments. Whether these environmental memories can cross the generational barrier has interested scientists for centuries. The logic of passing on information from generation to generation is not well understood. When is it useful to remember ancestral conditions, and when might it be deleterious to continue to respond to a context that may no longer exist? The key might be found in understanding the environmental conditions that trigger long-lasting adaptive responses...
June 20, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37339679/regulation-of-torc2-function-and-localization-in-yeast
#17
REVIEW
Anita Emmerstorfer-Augustin, Jeremy Thorner
Every eukaryotic cell contains two, distinct multisubunit protein kinase complexes that each contain a TOR (target of rapamycin) protein as the catalytic subunit. These ensembles, designated TORC1 and TORC2, serve as nutrient and stress sensors, signal integrators, and regulators of cell growth and homeostasis, but they differ in their composition, localization, and function. TORC1, activated on the cytosolic surface of the vacuole (or, in mammalian cells, on the cytosolic surface of the lysosome), promotes biosynthesis and suppresses autophagy...
June 20, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37315160/tissue-morphogenesis-through-dynamic-cell-and-matrix-interactions
#18
REVIEW
Di Wu, Kenneth M Yamada, Shaohe Wang
Multicellular organisms generate tissues of diverse shapes and functions from cells and extracellular matrices. Their adhesion molecules mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, which not only play crucial roles in maintaining tissue integrity but also serve as key regulators of tissue morphogenesis. Cells constantly probe their environment to make decisions: They integrate chemical and mechanical information from the environment via diffusible ligand- or adhesion-based signaling to decide whether to release specific signaling molecules or enzymes, to divide or differentiate, to move away or stay, or even whether to live or die...
June 14, 2023: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36201299/arcdb-goes-open-in-2023
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruth Lehmann
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 6, 2022: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36201298/neurobiology-stem-cell-biology-and-immunology-an-emerging-triad-for-understanding-tissue-homeostasis-and-repair
#20
REVIEW
Emily Scott-Solomon, Ya-Chieh Hsu
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) endows animals with the remarkable ability to sense and respond to a dynamic world. Emerging evidence shows the PNS also participates in tissue homeostasis and repair by integrating local changes with organismal and environmental changes. Here, we provide an in-depth summary of findings delineating the diverse roles of peripheral nerves in modulating stem cell behaviors and immune responses under steady-state conditions and in response to injury and duress, with a specific focus on the skin and the hematopoietic system...
October 6, 2022: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
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