Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Awake fibreoptic intubation (AFOI) is the gold standard in the management of the difficult airway. Several methods to achieve airway anesthesia to aid AFOI include superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB). This study aimed to compare land-mark-guided and ultrasound-guided techniques for SLNB to aid AFOI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study. Patients in both groups received 1 mg Midazolam and 50 μg of fentanyl for mild sedation before intubation, nasal passages were anaesthetized using lignocaine-coated nasopharyngeal airways, nebulization of 3 ml of 2% lignocaine, and intratracheal injection of 2 ml of 2% lignocaine given through cricothyroid membrane...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Intravenous nefopam reduces postoperative pain and opioid consumption but can cause infusion-related pain. We aimed to investigate whether lidocaine can effectively reduce this pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, intrasubject comparison trial included 42 patients (20-60 years) undergoing elective surgery under regional or peripheral anesthesia. In the postanesthesia care unit, two 50 mL syringes containing nefopam (20 mg) diluted in saline (100 mL) were sequentially infused in 15 min into venous catheters in the left and right arms...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several studies have attempted to identify patients at risk of developing severe pain after caesarean section (CS) by utilizing preoperative experimental pain application and clinical tests. The three-item questionnaire and reported pain intensity on infiltration of local anesthetic (LA) on the back of patient just before administration of spinal anesthesia, are two simple tests previously shown to be promising. We aimed to study utility of these two tools in Indian patients undergoing CS and find their correlation with postoperative pain and analgesic consumption...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Preoperative anxiety is a common problem among children undergoing surgery. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and identify various predictors of preoperative anxiety in Indian children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 60 children of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical status 1/2, aged 2-6 years and scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia in a tertiary care teaching hospital...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The most effective approach for infraclavicular brachial plexus block in adults is to target the posterior cord, usually situated posterior to axillary artery. However, we do not know if this can be extrapolated in children. Our primary objective was to compare the clinical success rate of ultrasound guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block in children with local anesthetic injection aimed at two targets. These were posterior to axillary artery (posterior cord) and lateral to axillary artery (lateral cord)...

We report anesthesia management of sclerotherapy for vascular malformations (VMs) of the upper airway and face of pediatric patients conducted under sedation using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen delivery system. Sclerotherapy procedures were carried out in six patients (five males, one female; age group: 5-12 years). The patients were sedated with midazolam, fentanyl, ketamine, and graded doses of propofol along with continuous oxygen delivery using HFNC. There were no episodes of oxygen desaturation, tongue fall or obstruction of the airway, interruption of procedure for assisted ventilation, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Increased pain and associated stiffness hinders the advantages of exercise and process of recovery in primary adhesive capsulitis. We hypothesized that suprascapular nerve block may positively affect the outcome due to its role in pain relief of acute or chronic shoulder pain. We compared the effect of suprascapular nerve block and exercise with only exercise on the recovery of primary adhesive capsulitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 96 patients of both sexes presenting with primary adhesive capsulitis were divided by computer randomization in two equal groups ( n = 48)...

Migraine surgeons have identified six "trigger sites" where cranial nerve compression may trigger a migraine. This study investigates the change in headache severity and frequency following nerve block of the occipital trigger site. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review of five databases searched from database inception through May 2020 is registered under the PROSPERO ID: CRD42020199369. Only randomized controlled trials utilizing injection treatments for headaches with pain or tenderness in the occipital scalp were included...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) given as injection provides excellent perioperative analgesia during palatoplasty. Our objectives were to assess the effect of transmucosal SPGB on anesthetic requirements, intraoperative hemodynamics, recovery time, and emergence delirium in children undergoing palatoplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized study was conducted in 30 children with cleft palate undergoing palatoplasty, divided into two equal groups...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The extracellular and intracellular fluid volumes (ECV and ICV) vary not only with age, gender, and body weight but also with the habitual intake of water. The present study examines whether the baseline variations in the ECV and ICV change the distribution and elimination of subsequently given infusion fluids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty healthy male volunteers underwent 50 infusion experiments with crystalloid fluid for which the fluid volume kinetics was calculated based on frequent measurements of the hemodilution using mixed-effects modeling software...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Propofol is a commonly used sedative agent, in a dose of 1.5-4.5 mg.kg-1 .h-1 . Following liver transplantation (LT), drug metabolism may be altered due to liver mass, altered hepatic blood flow, reduced levels of serum proteins, and liver regeneration. Thus, we hypothesized that propofol requirements in this group of patients would be different as compared to the standard dose. This study evaluated the dose of propofol used for sedation in electively ventilated living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Rapid Sequence Induction (RSI) is an established technique to secure the airway in patients who are at risk of aspiration. The practice of RSI in the pediatric population is highly variable due to numerous patient factors. We conducted a survey to find the prevalent practices and adherence of anesthesiologists to the practice of RSI in different pediatric age groups and whether it differs with the experience of the anesthesiologist or the age of the child. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The survey was conducted among residents and consultants attending the pediatric national anesthesia conference...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hemodynamic responses (HDR) to laryngoscopy and intubation are a significant concern for the anesthesiologist. This study aimed to compare the effects of intravenous Dexmedetomidine and nebulized Lidocaine for control of HDR to laryngoscopy and intubation when used in combination or alone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This double-blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial included 90 patients (30 for each group) aged 18-55 years with ASA grade 1-2...