journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525006/molecular-mechanisms-underlying-the-signal-perception-and-transduction-during-seed-germination
#1
REVIEW
Huibin Xu, Fuxiang Wang, Rebecca Njeri Damari, Xiaofeng Chen, Zhongyuan Lin
QuerySeed germination is a vital step in the life cycle of a plant, playing a significant role in seedling establishment and crop yield potential. It is also an important factor in the conservation of plant germplasm resources. This complex process is influenced by a myriad of factors, including environmental conditions, the genetic makeup of the seed, and endogenous hormones. The perception of these environmental signals triggers a cascade of intricate signal transduction events that determine whether a seed germinates or remains dormant...
April 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516204/molecular-mapping-and-candidate-gene-identification-of-two-major-quantitative-trait-loci-associated-with-silique-length-in-oilseed-rape-brassica-napus-l
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Chen, Wangfei He, Yulin Yu, Yifan Wang, Xueyang Zhai, Xinxiang Ling, Pan Lu, Xinxin Cheng, Weixia Lei, Zhixiong Fan
UNLABELLED: Rapeseed is a significant global source of plant oil. Silique size, particularly silique length (SL), impacts rapeseed yield. SL is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. In our previous study, we constructed a DH population of 178 families known as the 158A-SGDH population. In this study, through SL QTL mapping, we identified twenty-six QTL for SL across five replicates in two environments. A QTL meta-analysis revealed eight consensus QTL, including two major QTL: cqSL...
April 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516203/gene-pyramiding-of-zmglk36-and-zmgdi%C3%AE-hel-for-rough-dwarf-disease-resistance-in-maize
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gongjian Li, Zhennan Xu, Jianjun Wang, Chunhua Mu, Zhiqiang Zhou, Mingshun Li, Zhuanfang Hao, Degui Zhang, Hongjun Yong, Jienan Han, Xinhai Li, Jiqiang Zhao, Jianfeng Weng
UNLABELLED: Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) caused by pathogenic viruses in the genus Fijivirus in the family Reoviridae is one of the most destructive diseases in maize. The pyramiding of effective resistance genes into maize varieties is a potential approach to reduce the damage resulting from the disease. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) ( qMrdd2 and qMrdd8 ) have been previously identified. The resistance genes ZmGLK36 and ZmGDIα-hel have also been cloned with the functional markers Indel-26 and IDP25K, respectively...
April 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495646/novel-allelic-variations-in-tannin1-and-tannin2-contribute-to-tannin-absence-in-sorghum
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenbin Zhang, Ryan Benke, Xiao Zhang, Huawen Zhang, Cunyuan Zhao, Yu Zhao, Ying Xu, Hailian Wang, Shubing Liu, Xianran Li, Yuye Wu
UNLABELLED: Sorghum is an important food crop commonly used for brewing, feed, and bioenergy. Certain genotypes of sorghum contain high concentrations of condensed tannins in seeds, which are beneficial, such as protecting grains from herbivore bird pests, but also impair grain quality and digestibility. Previously, we identified Tannin1 and Tannin2 , each with three recessive causal alleles, regulate tannin absence in sorghum. In this study, via characterizing 421 sorghum accessions, we further identified three novel recessive alleles from these two genes...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449537/genetic-dissection-and-identification-of-stripe-rust-resistance-genes-in-the-wheat-cultivar-lanhangxuan-121-a-cultivar-selected-from-a-space-mutation-population
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qimeng Wu, Lei Liu, Dandan Zhang, Chenchen Li, Ruiqi Nie, Jiangli Duan, Jufen Wan, Jiwen Zhao, Jianghao Cao, Dan Liu, Shengjie Liu, Qilin Wang, Weijun Zheng, Qiang Yao, Zhensheng Kang, Wentao Zhang, Jiuyuan Du, Dejun Han, Changfa Wang, Jianhui Wu, Chunlian Li
UNLABELLED: Stripe rust is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Chinese wheat cultivar Lanhangxuan 121 (LHX121), selected from an advanced line L92-47 population that had been subjected to space mutation breeding displayed a consistently higher level of resistance to stipe rust than its parent in multiple field environments. The aim of this research was to establish the number and types of resistance genes in parental lines L92-47 and LHX121 using separate segregating populations...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435473/wild-species-rice-oscerk1-dy-mediated-arbuscular-mycorrhiza-symbiosis-boosts-yield-and-nutrient-use-efficiency-in-rice-breeding
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruicai Han, Zhou Yang, Chunquan Wang, Shan Zhu, Guoping Tang, Xianhua Shen, Deqiang Duanmu, Yangrong Cao, Renliang Huang
UNLABELLED: Meeting the ever-increasing food demands of a growing global population while ensuring resource and environmental sustainability presents significant challenges for agriculture worldwide. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) has emerged as a potential solution by increasing the surface area of a plant's root system and enhancing the absorption of phosphorus, nitrogen nutrients, and water. Consequently, there is a longstanding hypothesis that rice varieties exhibiting more efficient AMS could yield higher outputs at reduced input costs, paving the way for the development of Green Super Rice (GSR)...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435472/truncation-of-the-calmodulin-binding-domain-in-rice-glutamate-decarboxylase-4-os-gad4-leads-to-accumulation-of-%C3%AE-aminobutyric-acid-and-confers-abiotic-stress-tolerance-in-rice-seedlings
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Akter, Ummey Kulsum, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Norito Yasuda, Kazuhito Akama
UNLABELLED: GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a non-protein amino acid widely known as major inhibitory neurotransmitter. It is synthesized from glutamate via the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). GAD is ubiquitous in all organisms, but only plant GAD has ability to bind Ca2+ /calmodulin (CaM). This kind of binding suppresses the auto-inhibition of Ca2+ /calmodulin binding domain (CaMBD) when the active site of GAD is unfolded resulting in stimulated GAD activity. OsGAD4 is one of the five GAD genes in rice genome...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404720/a-tetraploid-dominated-cytochimera-developed-from-a-natural-bud-mutant-of-the-nonapomictic-mandarin-variety-orah
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiangbo Dang, Cai Li, Danni Sun, Qigao Guo, Guolu Liang
UNLABELLED: Nonapomictic citrus tetraploids are desirable in citrus breeding for the production of triploid, seedless varieties, and polyploid rootstocks. However, only a few lines have been reported, and they were all generated using chemical methods. A 2x + 4 × cytochimera of the nonapomictic citrus variety 'Orah' mandarin, which developed from a bud mutant, was found due to its morphology differing from that of diploid plants and characterised via ploidy analysis combining flow cytometry and chromosome observation...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404719/accumulation-of-mutations-in-the-ap2-homoeologs-causes-suppression-of-anther-extrusion-with-altered-spike-and-culm-development-in-hexaploid-wheat
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agetha Bigie Nanape, Takao Komatsuda, Katsuyuki Kakeda
UNLABELLED: Cleistogamy or closed flowering is a widely used trait in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) breeding because it reduces the risk of fungal infection in florets at anthesis. Cleistogamy in barley is caused by a point mutation within the microRNA172 (miR172) target site of the Cly1 gene, which encodes the Apetala2 (AP2) transcription factor. Because cleistogamy is not apparent in cultivars of hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), a strategy to develop cleistogamous wheat was proposed by inducing point mutations in all three AP2 homoeologs, which are the wheat orthologs of barley Cly1 ...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38390031/pbrcsp1-a-pollen-tube-specific-cold-shock-domain-protein-is-essential-for-the-growth-and-cold-resistance-of-pear-pollen-tubes
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoxuan Zhu, Chao Tang, Ting Zhang, Shaoling Zhang, Juyou Wu, Peng Wang
UNLABELLED: Cold shock domain proteins (CSPs), initially identified in Escherichia coli , have been demonstrated to play a positive role in cold resistance. Previous studies in wheat, rice, and Arabidopsis have indicated the functional conservation of CSPs in cold resistance between bacteria and higher plants. However, the biological functions of PbrCSPs in pear pollen tubes, which represent the fragile reproductive organs highly sensitive to low temperature, remain largely unknown. In this study, a total of 22 CSPs were identified in the seven Rosaceae species, with a focus on characterizing four PbrCSPs in pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri Rehder)...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371313/loss-of-function-of-osl1-gene-cause-early-flowering-in-rice-under-short-day-conditions
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Li, Mudan Qiu, Shufeng Song, Yixing Li, Tiankang Wang, Hanshu Yang, Hao Dong, Longhui Zhang, Yingxin Qiu, Siqi Xia, Mengmeng Gong, Jianlong Wang, Li Li
UNLABELLED: Heading date is one of the important agronomic traits that affects rice yield. In this study, we cloned a new rice B3 family gene, OsL1 , which regulates rice heading date. Importantly, osl1-1 and osl1-2 , two different types of mutants of OsL1 were created using the gene editing technology CRISPR/Cas9 system and exhibited 4 days earlier heading date than that of the wild type under short-day conditions. Subsequently, the plants overexpressing OsL1 , OE-OsL1, showed a 2-day later heading date than the wild type in Changsha and a 5-day later heading date in Lingshui, but there was no significant difference in other yield traits...
March 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371442/genome-wide-identification-and-expression-analysis-of-the-wnk-kinase-gene-family-in-soybean
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bohong Su, Tianli Ge, Yuhang Zhang, Jianhao Wang, Fan Wang, Tu Feng, Baohui Liu, Fanjiang Kong, Zhihui Sun
UNLABELLED: WNK kinases are a unique class of serine/threonine protein kinases that lack a conserved catalytic lysine residue in the kinase domain, hence the name WNK (with no K, i.e., lysine). WNK kinases are involved in various physiological processes in plants, such as circadian rhythm, flowering time, and stress responses. In this study, we identified 26 WNK genes in soybean and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, cis -regulatory elements, expression patterns, and conserved protein motifs...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362529/a-novel-variation-of-tagw2-6b-increases-grain-weight-without-penalty-in-grain-protein-content-in-wheat-triticum-aestivum-l
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chan Bi, Chaoxiong Wei, Jinghui Li, Shaozhe Wen, Huanhuan Zhao, Jiazheng Yu, Xintian Shi, Yuan Zhang, Qiaofeng Liu, Yufeng Zhang, Baoyun Li, Mingshan You
UNLABELLED: Yield and quality are two crucial breeding objects of wheat therein grain weight and grain protein content (GPC) are two key relevant factors correspondingly. Investigations of their genetic mechanisms represent special significance for breeding. In this study, 199 F2 plants and corresponding F2:3 families derived from Nongda3753 (ND3753) and its EMS-generated mutant 564 (M564) were used to investigate the genetic basis of larger grain and higher GPC of M564. QTL analysis identified a total of 33 environmentally stable QTLs related to thousand grain weight (TGW), grain area (GA), grain circle (GC), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), and GPC on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 4D, 6B, and 7D, respectively, among which QGw...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38343399/multi-omics-assists-genomic-prediction-of-maize-yield-with-machine-learning-approaches
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengxiu Wu, Jingyun Luo, Yingjie Xiao
UNLABELLED: With the improvement of high-throughput technologies in recent years, large multi-dimensional plant omics data have been produced, and big-data-driven yield prediction research has received increasing attention. Machine learning offers promising computational and analytical solutions to interpret the biological meaning of large amounts of data in crops. In this study, we utilized multi-omics datasets from 156 maize recombinant inbred lines, containing 2496 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 46 image traits (i-traits) from 16 developmental stages obtained through an automatic phenotyping platform, and 133 primary metabolites...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317771/generation-of-parthenocarpic-tomato-plants-in-multiple-elite-cultivars-using-the-crispr-cas9-system
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cam Chau Nguyen, Tien Van Vu, Rahul Mahadev Shelake, Nhan Thi Nguyen, Tran Dang Khanh, Woe-Yeon Kim, Jae-Yean Kim
UNLABELLED: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world for its fruit production. Advances in cutting-edge techniques have enabled the development of numerous critical traits related to the quality and quantity of tomatoes. Genetic engineering techniques, such as gene transformation and gene editing, have emerged as powerful tools for generating new plant varieties with superior traits. In this study, we induced parthenocarpic traits in a population of elite tomato (ET) lines...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313680/strigolactone-and-abscisic-acid-synthesis-and-signaling-pathways-are-enhanced-in-the-wheat-oligo-tillering-mutant-ot1
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaxing Bai, Huijun Guo, Hongchun Xiong, Yongdun Xie, Jiayu Gu, Linshu Zhao, Shirong Zhao, Yuping Ding, Luxiang Liu
UNLABELLED: Tiller number greatly contributes to grain yield in wheat. Using ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis, we previously discovered the oligo-tillering mutant ot1 . The tiller number was significantly lower in ot1 than in the corresponding wild type from the early tillering stage until the heading stage. Compared to the wild type, the thousand-grain weight and grain length were increased by 15.41% and 31.44%, respectively, whereas the plant height and spike length were decreased by 26...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38304382/identification-of-qgl4-1-and-qgl4-2-two-closely-linked-qtl-controlling-grain-length-in-rice
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng Yun, Caijuan Zhang, Tingchen Ma, Jiafa Xia, Kunneng Zhou, Yuanlei Wang, Zefu Li
UNLABELLED: Grain size is an important appearance quality trait in rice, which also affects grain yield. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between indica variety 9311 and japonica variety Cypress was constructed. And 181 out of 600 RILs were sequenced, and a high-density genetic map containing 2842 bin markers was constructed, with a total map length of 1500.6 cM. A total of 10 quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length-to-width ratio (LWR), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were detected under two environments...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38298744/improving-linolenic-acid-content-in-rapeseed-oil-by-overexpression-of-csfad2-and-csfad3-genes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunhao Liu, Zhuolin Du, Ying Li, Shaoping Lu, Shan Tang, Liang Guo
UNLABELLED: With the increasing public attention to the health benefit of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and demand for linolenic acid (C18:3), it is of great significance to increase the C18:3 content in our meal. As an oil crop with high content of C18:3, Camelina sativa has three homologous copies of FAD2 and three homologous copies FAD3 . In this study, we seed-specifically overexpressed two Camelina sativa fatty acid desaturase genes, CsFAD2 and CsFAD3 , in rapeseed cultivar Zhongshuang 9...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38298743/development-of-introgression-lines-and-mapping-of-qgw2-a-novel-qtl-that-confers-grain-width-in-rice-oryza-sativa-l
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangqiang Zhao, Zuopeng Xu, YiBo Chen, Yuanyue Du, Meng Li, Benxi Huang, Yongshen Ge, Minghong Gu, Shuzhu Tang, Qiaoquan Liu, Honggen Zhang
UNLABELLED: Rice grain size is a key determinant of both grain yield and quality. Identification of favorable alleles for use in rice breeding may help to meet the demand for increased yield. In this study, we developed a set of 210 introgression lines (ILs) by using indica variety Huanghuazhan as the donor parent and erect-panicle japonica rice variety Wuyujing3R as the recurrent parent. A total of 133 ILs were selected for high-throughput sequencing. Using specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing technology, 10,103 high-quality SLAF labels evenly distributed on 12 chromosomes were obtained and selected for subsequent analysis...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38263979/breeding-for-durable-resistance-against-biotrophic-fungal-pathogens-using-transgenes-from-wheat
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcela Camenzind, Teresa Koller, Cygni Armbruster, Esther Jung, Susanne Brunner, Gerhard Herren, Beat Keller
UNLABELLED: Breeding for resistant crops is a sustainable way to control disease and relies on the introduction of novel resistance genes. Here, we tested three strategies on how to use transgenes from wheat to achieve durable resistance against fungal pathogens in the field. First, we tested the highly effective, overexpressed single transgene Pm3e in the background of spring wheat cultivar Bobwhite in a long-term field trial over many years. Together with previous results, this revealed that transgenic wheat line Pm3e#2 conferred complete powdery mildew resistance during a total of nine field seasons without a negative impact on yield...
February 2024: Molecular Breeding
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