journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236524/evaluating-monitoring-guidelines-of-clozapine-induced-adverse-effects-a-systematic-review
#21
Sarah Smessaert, Johan Detraux, Franciska Desplenter, Marc De Hert
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the evidence that no other antipsychotic is effective as clozapine for the treatment of resistant schizophrenia, it is associated with various metabolic, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Guidelines aiming to address the monitoring of clozapine's (serious) adverse effects can be helpful to prevent and treat these effects. However, many of these guidelines seem to lack one or more important monitoring recommendations...
February 2024: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38212553/myasthenia-gravis-treatment-from-old-drugs-to-innovative-therapies-with-a-glimpse-into-the-future
#22
REVIEW
Salvatore Crisafulli, Brigida Boccanegra, Massimo Carollo, Emanuela Bottani, Paola Mantuano, Gianluca Trifirò, Annamaria De Luca
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease that causes debilitating muscle weakness due to impaired neuromuscular transmission. Since most (about 80-90%) MG patients present autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor, standard medical therapy consists of symptomatic treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., pyridostigmine). In addition, considering the autoimmune basis of MG, standard therapy includes immunomodulating agents, such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclosporine A, and cyclophosphamide...
January 2024: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38030867/thrombolysis-with-recombinant-human-prourokinase-4-5-6-h-after-acute-ischemic-stroke-a-phase-iia-randomized-and-open-label-multicenter-clinical-trial
#23
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Haiqing Song, Yuan Wang, Qingfeng Ma, Huisheng Chen, Bo Liu, Yi Yang, Jianguo Zhu, Shigang Zhao, Xiaoping Jin, Yongqiu Li, Yanyong Wang, Runxiu Zhu, Liandong Zhao, Junyan Liu, Wuwei Feng, Rui Liu, Xunming Ji, Yuping Wang
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. A narrow therapeutic window profoundly constrained the utilization of alteplase. OBJECTIVES: To investigate therapeutic effects and safety of intravenous recombinant human prourokinase (rhPro-UK) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the 4.5-6 h therapeutic time windows. METHODS: We conducted a phase IIa, randomized, and open-label multicenter clinical trial...
January 2024: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102532/effect-of-levetiracetam-on-cognition-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-double-blind-randomized-placebo-controlled-trials
#24
Chia-Yen Lin, Meng-Chia Chang, Hong-Jie Jhou
BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that levetiracetam may help improve cognitive function in patients with epilepsy. Recently, its efficacy in improving cognitive function was reported in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific cognitive domains affected and the degree of evidence supporting these effects remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the effects of levetiracetam on different cognitive domains...
December 15, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097908/insulin-resistance-diabetes-and-schizophrenia-potential-shared-genetic-factors-and-implications-for-better-management-of-patients-with-schizophrenia
#25
REVIEW
Chuanjun Zhuo, Qiuyu Zhang, Lina Wang, Xiaoyan Ma, Ranli Li, Jing Ping, Jingjing Zhu, Hongjun Tian, Deguo Jiang
Schizophrenia is a complex psychotic disorder with co-occurring conditions, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is well established that T2D and its precursors (i.e., insulin resistance) are more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia who are treated with antipsychotics, as well as in antipsychotic-naïve patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis, compared with the general population. However, the mechanism(s) underlying the increased susceptibility, shared genetics, and possible cause-effect relationship between schizophrenia and T2D remain largely unknown...
December 14, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999869/context-is-a-critical-for-psychoactive-drug-effects
#26
COMMENT
Kyle T Greenway
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37991705/levetiracetam-interaction-with-direct-oral-anticoagulants-a-pharmacovigilance-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Abou Kaoud, Ran Nissan, Amitai Segev, Avi Sabbag, David Orion, Elad Maor
BACKGROUND: Levetiracetam is widely used in post-stroke epilepsy. However, it is suspected to possess P-glycoprotein (P-gp) induction properties, and therefore, a potentially significant interaction with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). We aimed to search for ischemic stroke signals with levetiracetam and the DOACs. METHODS: In this retrospective pharmacovigilance study, we used the FAERS database to identify ischemic stroke events associated with DOACs and concomitant use of levetiracetam...
December 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38019356/effect-of-bi-1358894-on-cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide-cck-4-induced-anxiety-panic-symptoms-and-stress-biomarkers-a-phase-i-randomized-trial-in-healthy-males
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus Goettel, Rene Fuertig, Salome Rebecca Mack, Stefan Just, Vikas Sharma, Andreas Wunder, Johan den Boer
INTRODUCTION: Depression, anxiety, and/or panic disorder are often comorbid and have a complex etiology mediated through the same neuronal network. Cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide (CCK-4), a synthetic analog of the endogenous neuropeptide cholecystokinin (CCK), is thought to be implicated in this network. The CCK-4 challenge model is an accepted method of investigating the pathophysiology of panic and has been shown to mediate neuronal activation via the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels...
November 29, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38019355/effects-of-single-and-multiple-ascending-doses-of-bi-1358894-in-healthy-male-volunteers-on-safety-tolerability-and-pharmacokinetics-two-phase-i-partially-randomised-studies
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
René Fuertig, Markus Goettel, Lena Herich, Josef Hoefler, Sabrina T Wiebe, Vikas Sharma
INTRODUCTION: The transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels have been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), and TRPC inhibition has been shown to reduce depressive-like behaviour in rodent models of depression. BI 1358894, a small-molecule inhibitor of TRPC ion channels, is currently being developed for the treatment of MDD. OBJECTIVE: Two phase I studies assessed the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral BI 1358894 in fed and fasted states following a single ascending dose (SAD) [NCT03210272/1402-0001] and multiple ascending doses (MAD) [NCT03754959/1402-0002] in healthy male volunteers...
November 29, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999868/long-term-treatment-over-52-weeks-with-monthly-fremanezumab-in-drug-resistant-migraine-a-prospective-multicenter-cohort-study
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeria Caponnetto, Antonio Russo, Marcello Silvestro, Alessandro Tessitore, Roberto De Icco, Gloria Vaghi, Grazia Sances, Cristina Tassorelli, Carlo Baraldi, Flavia Lo Castro, Simona Guerzoni, Maria Pia Prudenzano, Adriana Fallacara, Martino Gentile, Raffaele Ornello, Agnese Onofri, Andrea Burgalassi, Alberto Chiarugi, Francesco De Cesaris, Antonio Granato, Alfonsina Casalena, Marina De Tommaso, Edoardo Mampreso, Paola Merlo, Gianluca Coppola, Stefania Battistini, Valentina Rebecchi, Innocenzo Rainero, Federica Nicoletta Sepe, Giorgio Dalla Volta, Simona Sacco, Pierangelo Geppetti, Luigi Francesco Iannone
BACKGROUND: Real-world studies on fremanezumab, an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody for migraine prevention, are few and with limited follow-up. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the long-term (up to 52 weeks) effectiveness and tolerability of fremanezumab in high-frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine. METHODS: This s an independent, prospective, multicenter cohort study enrolling outpatients in 17 Italian Headache Centers with high-frequency episodic migraine or chronic migraine and multiple preventive treatment failures...
November 24, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37999867/the-effects-of-lysergic-acid-diethylamide-lsd-on-the-positive-valence-systems-a-research-domain-criteria-rdoc-informed-systematic-review
#31
Niloufar Pouyan, Farnaz Younesi Sisi, Alireza Kargar, Milan Scheidegger, Roger S McIntyre, Jonathan D Morrow
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The renewed interest in psychedelic research provides growing evidence of potentially unique effects on various aspects of reward processing systems. Using the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, as proposed by the National Institute of Mental Health, we aim to synthesize the existing literature concerning the impact of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the RDoC's Positive Valence Systems (PVS) domain, and to identify potential avenues for further research...
November 24, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37945917/a-semi-naturalistic-open-label-trial-examining-the-effect-of-prescribed-medical-cannabis-on-neurocognitive-performance
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas R Arkell, Brooke Manning, Luke A Downey, Amie C Hayley
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Medical cannabis use is increasing in Australia and other jurisdictions, yet little is known about the effects of medical cannabis on cognitive function. Findings from studies of non-medical ('recreational') cannabis may not be applicable to patients using prescribed medical cannabis to manage a health condition. METHODS: In this semi-naturalistic, open-label trial, patients with various health conditions attended a single laboratory session in which they self-administered a standard dose of prescribed medical cannabis as per instructions on the pharmacy label...
November 9, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37921919/a-prospective-longitudinal-study-of-the-effects-of-eslicarbazepine-acetate-treatment-on-bone-density-and-metabolism-in-patients-with-focal-onset-epilepsy
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Hirsch, Ilka Immisch, Susanne Knake, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a third-generation anti-seizure medication for patients with focal-onset epilepsy. There are known short-term impacts of classic enzyme-inducing drugs on bone health. For oxcarbazepine, which like ESL is a less potent inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) than carbamazepine, some studies have shown that treatment is associated with increased bone metabolic parameters. The effects of ESL on bone health have not been systematically evaluated so the objective of this study was to investigate whether adverse effects of ESL on bone mineral density (BMD) could be measured after a 12-month exposure period...
November 3, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37979095/trends-and-differences-in-status-epilepticus-treatment-of-children-and-adults-over-10-years-a-comparative-study-of-medical-records-2012-2021-from-a-university-hospital-in-germany
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonore Purwien, Susanne Schubert-Bast, Matthias Kieslich, Michael W Ronellenfitsch, Michael Merker, Marcus Czabanka, Laurent M Willems, Felix Rosenow, Adam Strzelczyk
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Over the last decade, significant advancements have been made in status epilepticus (SE) management, influenced by landmark trials such as ESETT and RAMPART. The objectives of this study were to explore the evolution of drug treatments for patients with SE, to investigate its association with outcomes and mortality, and to evaluate differences in treatment patterns between adults and children for a potential shift in medication trends due to the above mentioned trials...
November 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37978095/current-insights-into-diagnosing-and-treating-neurotuberculosis-in-adults
#35
REVIEW
Sofiati Dian, Ahmad Rizal Ganiem, Lindsey Hm Te Brake, Arjan van Laarhoven
Neurotuberculosis has the highest morbidity and mortality risk of all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Early treatment is paramount, but establishing diagnosis are challenging in all three forms of neurotuberculosis: tuberculous meningitis (TBM), spinal TB and tuberculomas. Despite advancements in diagnostic tools and ongoing research aimed at improving TB treatment regimens, the mortality rate for neurotuberculosis remains high. While antituberculosis drugs were discovered in the 1940s, TB treatment regimens were designed for and studied in pulmonary TB and remained largely unchanged for decades...
November 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37973769/efficacy-and-safety-of-mao-b-inhibitors-safinamide-and-zonisamide-in-parkinson-s-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#36
Laila Aboulatta, Lara Haidar, Ahmed Abou-Setta, Nicole Askin, Rasheda Rabbani, Alekhya Lavu, Payam Peymani, Ryan Zarychanski, Sherif Eltonsy
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In Parkinson's disease, safinamide and zonisamide are novel monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors with a dual mechanism of action involving the inhibition of sodium and calcium channels and the subsequent release of glutamate. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy and safety of both drugs compared with placebo on motor symptoms, cognitive function, and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Scopus, PsycINFO, and trials registries up to March 2023 for randomized controlled trials of adults with Parkinson's disease administered either safinamide or zonisamide and published in English...
November 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37847434/solriamfetol-a-review-in-excessive-daytime-sleepiness-associated-with-narcolepsy-and-obstructive-sleep-apnoea
#37
REVIEW
Sheridan M Hoy
Solriamfetol (SUNOSI® ) is an oral selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved in the EU and the USA for improving wakefulness in adults with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). In phase III studies, 12 weeks' therapy with solriamfetol within the recommended dosage range for narcolepsy (75 mg or 150 mg once daily) or OSA (37.5 mg, 75 mg or 150 mg once daily) provided early and sustained reductions in excessive sleepiness and improvements in wakefulness relative to placebo...
November 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37902949/acknowledgement-to-referees
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 30, 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37792265/dextromethorphan-bupropion-for-the-treatment-of-depression-a-systematic-review-of-efficacy-and-safety-in-clinical-trials
#39
Dania Akbar, Taeho Greg Rhee, Felicia Ceban, Roger Ho, Kayla M Teopiz, Bing Cao, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Angela T H Kwan, Joshua D Rosenblat, Roger S McIntyre
BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to treatments which are currently used in clinical practice such as first-generation monoamine-based antidepressants. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of AXS-05, a combination of the NMDA-receptor antagonist dextromethorphan with bupropion, in adults with MDD. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials...
October 2023: CNS Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784006/third-generation-antiseizure-medication-in-the-treatment-of-benzodiazepine-refractory-status-epilepticus-in-poststroke-epilepsy-a-retrospective-observational-register-based-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaroslav Winter, Katharina Sandner, Thomas Vieth, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Sebastian V Stuckrad-Barre, Sergiu Groppa
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Status epilepticus in poststroke epilepsy is a challenging condition because of multiple vascular comorbidities and the advanced age of patients. Data on third-generation antiseizure medication (ASM) in this condition are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of third-generation ASMs in the second- or third-line therapy of benzodiazepine-refractory status epilepticus in poststroke epilepsy following acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: Data on the effectiveness of third-generation ASMs in patients with status epilepticus in poststroke epilepsy were gathered from two German Stroke Registries and the Mainz Epilepsy Registry...
October 2023: CNS Drugs
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