journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32067536/potassium-channels-and-their-role-in-glioma-a-mini-review
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia Liu, Chao Qu, Chao Han, Meng-Meng Chen, Li-Jia An, Wei Zou
K+ channels regulate a multitude of biological processes and play important roles in a variety of diseases by controlling potassium flow across cell membranes. They are widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system. As a malignant tumor derived from nerve epithelium, glioma has the characteristics of high incidence, high recurrence rate, high mortality rate, and low cure rate. Since glioma cells show invasive growth, current surgical methods cannot completely remove tumors. Adjuvant chemotherapy is still needed after surgery...
February 18, 2020: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31799876/uncoupling-protein-2-prevents-ischaemia-reperfusion-injury-through-the-regulation-ros-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signalling-in-mice
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaolei Zhang, Xin Guo, Ting Li, Yaxing Feng, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Zhu, Rui Gu, Longfu Zhou
Renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI), characterized by excessive cell apoptosis and inflammation, remains a clinical challenge. Mitochondrial membrane potential is related to apoptosis and inflammation of IRI. Previous studies have indicated that uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and its receptors play an important role in inflammation, apoptosis and injuries, especially in oxidative stress injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of UCP2 in IRI are still not fully understood. In the present study, male C57 mice were randomly divided into three groups:sham, IR, and UCP2-/- +IR...
December 4, 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33028125/correction
#3
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31969037/spatial-organization-of-palmitoyl-acyl-transferases-governs-substrate-localization-and-function
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie M Philippe, Paul M Jenkins
Protein palmitoylation is a critical posttranslational modification that regulates protein trafficking, localization, stability, sorting and function. In mammals, addition of this lipid modification onto proteins is mediated by a family of 23 palmitoyl acyl transferases (PATs). PATs often palmitoylate substrates in a promiscuous manner, precluding our understanding of how these enzymes achieve specificity for their substrates. Despite generous efforts to identify consensus motifs defining PAT-substrate specificity, it remains to be determined whether additional factors beyond interaction motifs, such as local palmitoylation, participate in PAT-substrate selection...
December 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31617434/zinc-uptake-in-the-basidiomycota-characterization-of-zinc-transporters-in-ustilago-maydis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adriana M Martha-Paz, David Eide, David Mendoza-Cózatl, Norma A Castro-Guerrero, Elva T Aréchiga-Carvajal
At present, the planet faces a change in the composition and bioavailability of nutrients. Zinc deficiency is a widespread problem throughout the world. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms that organisms use to adapt to the deficiency of this micronutrient. In the Ascomycetes fungi, the ZIP family of proteins is one of the most important for zinc transport and includes high affinity Zrt1p and low zinc affinity Zrt2p transporters. After identification and characterization of ZRT1/ZRT2-like genes in Ustilago maydis we conclude that they encode for high and low zinc affinity transporters, with no apparent iron transport activity...
December 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30991005/bk-ca-channel-is-a-molecular-target-of-vitamin-c-to-protect-against-ischemic-brain-stroke
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luyao Li, Shan Li, Chuanbing Hu, Li Zhou, Yujiao Zhang, Mingyan Wang, Zhi Qi
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that vitamin C decreases the risk of stroke, which has generally been ascribed to its function as antioxidant and free radical scavenger. However, whether there is a defined molecular target for vitamin C on stroke is unknown. Utilizing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats as a model for ischemic stroke, we demonstrated that long-term, low-dose administration of vitamin C prior to MCAO could exert significant neuroprotective effect on the brain damage. The long-term, low-dose vitamin C pretreated rats had decreased brain infarct size and decreased neurological deficit score compared with the vehicle or single high dose pretreated MCAO rats...
December 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31259644/the-kdpfabc-complex-k-transport-against-all-odds
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bjørn P Pedersen, David L Stokes, Hans-Jürgen Apell
In bacteria, K+ is used to maintain cell volume and osmotic potential. Homeostasis normally involves a network of constitutively expressed transport systems, but in K+ deficient environments, the KdpFABC complex uses ATP to pump K+ into the cell. This complex appears to be a hybrid of two types of transporters, with KdpA descending from the superfamily of K+ transporters and KdpB belonging to the superfamily of P-type ATPases. Studies of enzymatic activity documented a catalytic cycle with hallmarks of classical P-type ATPases and studies of ion transport indicated that K+ import into the cytosol occurred in the second half of this cycle in conjunction with hydrolysis of an aspartyl phosphate intermediate...
July 1, 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30916611/comparison-between-massarray-and-pyrosequencing-for-cyp2c19-and-abcb1-gene-variants-of-clopidogrel-efficiency-genotyping
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Liu, Zesheng Xu, Ya Li, Shipeng Dai, Junying Liu, Junjun Pan, Yang Jiang
Clopidogrel is one of the most frequently used drugs in patients to reduce cardiovascular events. Since patients with different genetic variations respond quite differently to clopidogrel therapy, the related genetic testing plays a vital role in its dosage and genetic testing related to clopidogrel therapy is currently considered as routine test worldwide. In this study, we aim to use two different methods MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and pyrosequencing to detect gene variant of CYP2C19 and ABCB1. Six single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNP) within CYP2C19 (*2, *3, *4, *5, *17) and ABCB1 C3435T in 458 Chinese Han patients were determined using both MassARRAY and Pyrosequencing...
March 27, 2019: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30307338/engineering-stability-in-nadph-oxidases-a-common-strategy-for-enzyme-production
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marta Ceccon, Elisa Millana Fananas, Marta Massari, Andrea Mattevi, Francesca Magnani
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are membrane enzymes whose sole function is the generation of reactive oxygen species. Humans have seven NOX isoenzymes that feature distinct functions in immune response and cell-signaling but share the same catalytic core comprising a FAD-binding dehydrogenase domain and a heme-binding transmembrane domain. We previously described a mutation that stabilizes the dehydrogenase domain of a prokaryotic homolog of human NOX5. The thermostable mutant exhibited a large 19°C increase in the melting temperature (Tm ) and a much tighter binding of the FAD cofactor, which allowed the crystallization and structure determination of the domain holo-form...
October 11, 2018: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30246579/combining-genetic-and-biophysical-approaches-to-probe-the-structure-and-function-relationships-of-the-notch-receptor
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Baron
Notch is a conserved cell signalling receptor regulating many aspects of development and tissue homeostasis. Notch is activated by ligand-induced proteolytic cleavages that release the Notch intracellular domain, which relocates to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription. Proteolytic activation first requires mechanical force to be applied to the Notch extracellular domain through an endocytic pulling mechanism transmitted through the ligand/receptor interface. This exposes the proteolytic cleavage site allowing the signal to be initiated following removal of the Notch extracellular domain...
September 24, 2018: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29651904/adaptor-protein-1-b-mu-subunit-does-not-contribute-to-the-recycling-of-kae1-protein-in-polarized-renal-epithelial-cells
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ensaf Y Almomani, Nicolas Touret, Emmanuelle Cordat
Mutations in the gene encoding the kidney anion exchanger 1 (kAE1) can lead to distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA). dRTA mutations reported within the carboxyl (C)-terminal tail of kAE1 result in apical mis-targeting of the exchanger in polarized renal epithelial cells. As kAE1 physically interacts with the μ subunit of epithelial adaptor protein 1 B (AP-1B), we investigated the role of heterologously expressed μ1B subunit of the AP-1B complex for kAE1 retention to the basolateral membrane in polarized porcine LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cells that are devoid of endogenous AP-1B...
April 13, 2018: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29651895/structural-biology-of-solute-carrier-slc-membrane-transport-proteins
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyun Bai, Trevor F Moraes, Reinhart A F Reithmeier
The human solute carriers (SLCs) comprise over 400 different transporters, organized into 65 families ( https://slc.bioparadigms.org/ ) based on their sequence homology and transport function. SLCs are responsible for transporting extraordinarily diverse solutes across biological membranes, including inorganic ions, amino acids, lipids, sugars, neurotransmitters and drugs. Most of these membrane proteins function as coupled symporters (co-transporters) utilizing downhill ion (H+ or Na+ ) gradients as the driving force for the transport of substrate against its concentration gradient into cells...
April 13, 2018: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30301435/corrigendum
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 2017: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29189113/bacterial-outer-membrane-vesicles-new-insights-and-applications
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Anand, Arunima Chaudhuri
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) (∼50-250 nm in diameter) are produced by both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria as a canonical end product of secretion. In this review, we focus on the OMVs produced by gram-negative bacteria. We provide an overview of the OMV structure, various factors regulating their production, and their role in modulating host immune response using a few representative examples. In light of the importance of the diverse cargoes carried by OMVs, we discuss the different modes of their entry into the host cell and advances in the high-throughput detection of these OMVs...
September 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29166808/mechanism-of-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signaling-pathway-and-autophagy-in-the-regulation-of-osteoblast-differentiation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han Qin, Hong-Zhi Xu, Yong-Qing Gong
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present work was to investigate a possible mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathway and autophagy in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, and provide experimental basis for the study of tooth eruption disorder. METHODS: Mouse osteoblast-like (MC3T3-E1) cells were inoculated with a cell density of 70%. According to the grouping experimental design, Western blot and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) detection were conducted after dosing for 24 h...
September 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29166806/regulation-of-stressed-induced-cell-death-by-the-bcl-2-family-of-apoptotic-proteins
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabih Roufayel
Apoptosis is often deregulated in a number of human diseases. Heat-induced apoptosis is a model system for studying the consequences of protein misfolding and is mediated by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. This family consists of both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members that control mitochondrial integrity. The BH3-only pro-apoptotic members are strong inducers of apoptotic cell death. Protein damaging stress can activate a process of cellular destruction known as apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins and transcription factors activate this death pathway by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins eliminating cancer cells in a short period of time...
September 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29143559/k-cl-co-transporter-2-kcc2-a-membrane-trafficking-perspective
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bor Luen Tang
K+ -Cl- co-transporter 2 (KCC2/SLC12A5) is a neuronal specific cation chloride co-transporter which is active under isotonic conditions, and thus a key regulator of intracellular Cl- levels. It also has an ion transporter-independent structural role in modulating the maturation and regulation of excitatory glutamatergic synapses. KCC2 levels are developmentally regulated, and a postnatal upregulation of KCC2 generates a low intracellular chloride concentration that allows the neurotransmitters γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine to exert inhibitory neurotransmission through its Cl- permeating channel...
September 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29143554/the-octanoylated-energy-regulating-hormone-ghrelin-an-expanded-view-of-ghrelin-s-biological-interactions-and-avenues-for-controlling-ghrelin-signaling
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth R Cleverdon, Kayleigh R McGovern-Gooch, James L Hougland
Ghrelin is a small peptide hormone that requires a unique post-translational modification, serine octanoylation, to bind and activate the GHS-R1a receptor. Initially demonstrated to stimulate hunger and appetite, ghrelin-dependent signaling is implicated in a variety of neurological and physiological processes influencing diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and Prader-Willi syndrome. In addition to its cognate receptor, recent studies have revealed ghrelin interacts with a range of binding partners within the bloodstream...
September 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29025362/the-partition-and-transport-behavior-of-cytotoxic-ionic-liquids-ils-through-the-dppc-bilayer-insights-from-molecular-dynamics-simulation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mokhtar Ganjali Koli, Khaled Azizi
A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation with atomistic details was performed to examine the partitioning and transport behavior of moderately cytotoxic ionic liquids (ILs), namely choline bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (CBEH), choline bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate (CTMP) and choline O,O-diethyl dithiophosphate (CDEP) in a fully hydrated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayer in the fluid phase at 323 K. The structure of ILs was so selected to understand if the role of dipole and dispersion forces in the ILs distribution in the membrane can be possible...
May 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29025361/membrane-bound-pyrophosphatase-of-human-gut-microbe-clostridium-methylpentosum-confers-improved-salt-tolerance-in-escherichia-coli-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-and-tobacco
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumei Yang, Yanjuan Liu, Hang Yuan, Xian Liu, Yanxiu Gao, Ming Gong, Zhurong Zou
Membrane-bound pyrophosphatases (PPases) are involved in the adaption of organisms to stress conditions, which was substantiated by numerous plant transgenic studies with H(+)-PPase yet devoid of any correlated evidences for other two subfamilies, Na(+)-PPase and Na(+),H(+)-PPase. Herein, we demonstrate the gene cloning and functional evaluation of the membrane-bound PPase (CmPP) of the human gut microbe Clostridium methylpentosum. The CmPP gene encodes a single polypeptide of 699 amino acids that was predicted as a multi-spanning membrane and K(+)-dependent Na(+),H(+)-PPase...
May 2016: Molecular Membrane Biology
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