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Journals Journal of the Egyptian Nation...

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37779128/immunotherapeutic-strategy-in-the-management-of-gastric-cancer-molecular-profiles-current-practice-and-ongoing-trials
#21
REVIEW
Mengxiao Lu, Yingjie Wu, Yixin Zhang, Yu Yu, ShengJie Wang, Xiaobao Su
Gastric cancer (GC) is the one of the most commonly solid cancer worldwide. Although under the aggressive treatment, the poor clinical outcomes of patients with GCs have not been improved. Current studies emphasized that targeting therapies or immune response-based therapeutic strategy may be a potential approach to improve the clinical outcomes. Moreover, accumulative evidence has reported the increasing expression of PD-L1 expression in GC cells and highlighted its role in the tumor progression. Currently, great development has been established in the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and further changed the clinical practice of GC treatment and prognosis...
October 2, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37743405/micronuclei-detection-in-oral-cytologic-smear-does-it-add-diagnostic-value
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alaa Elnaggar, Gihane Madkour, Neveen Tahoun, Ayman Amin, Fat'heya M Zahran
BACKGROUND: Screening and early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are directly associated with increased survival rate and improved prognosis. Noninvasive diagnostic tools have been implemented in the early detection as toluidine blue staining, optical imaging, and oral cytology. This study aimed to assess and compare the presence of micronuclei (MN) in oral exfoliative cytology of healthy controls, subjects exposed to high-risk factors for oral cancer, subjects with oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMLs), and those with malignant oral lesions...
September 25, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37718329/mandibular-small-cell-osteosarcoma-a-case-report-and-review-of-literature
#23
REVIEW
Hatem Wael Amer, Hana'a Hezam Algadi, Shyma'a Ahmed Hamza
BACKGROUND: Small cell osteosarcoma is an extremely rare histopathological variant of conventional osteosarcoma. Due to nonspecific symptoms, most osteosarcomas of the jaws are misdiagnosed as periapical abscesses and mistreated by teeth extraction and drainage. CASE PRESENTATION: We report, to our knowledge, the seventh case of small cell osteosarcoma in gnathic sites affecting the mandible of an old female with history of a large painful swelling related to the right mandibular molar area for 2 months...
September 18, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37691044/outcome-and-prognostic-factors-of-pediatric-patients-with-hodgkin-lymphoma-a-single-center-experience
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nesreen Ali, Mohamed Mansour, Ehab Khalil, Emad Ebeid
BACKGROUND: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable malignant tumor. Risk-adapted treatment for children with HL aims to maximize survival while minimizing toxicity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome and prognostic characteristics of Egyptian pediatric HL patients treated at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University. METHODS: All newly diagnosed cases of classic HL treated between January 2016 and December 2018 were included in this study...
September 11, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37661196/the-relationship-between-coping-self-efficacy-and-b-cells-in-breast-cancer-patients
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Azza El-Amir, Eman M El-Baiomy, Noha A Sabry, Loay Kassem, Margaret A Chesney, Kenneth A Wallston
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women throughout the world. Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are associated with stress and depression. Self-efficacy is one of the most important personal characteristics, studied in cancer, and is correlated with depression and immunity. The aim of the study is as follows: 1. Examining the correlation between coping self-efficacy with depression, DHEA levels, and immunity 2. Examining the correlation between depression and DHEA levels 3...
September 4, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37646847/mechanisms-of-hif-driven-immunosuppression-in-tumour-microenvironment
#26
REVIEW
Shinjini Bandopadhyay, Somi Patranabis
Hypoxia arises due to insufficient oxygen delivery to rapidly proliferating tumour cells that outpace the available blood supply. It is a characteristic feature of most solid tumour microenvironments and plays a critical role in regulating anti-tumour immunity, enhancing tumoral heterogeneity, and promoting therapeutic resistance and poor clinical outcomes. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the major hypoxia-responsive transcription factors that are activated under low oxygenation conditions and have been identified to drive multifunctional roles in tumour immune evasion...
August 30, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37599312/prognostic-value-of-s100a4-and-glypican-3-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma-in-cirrhotic-hcv-patients
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahmoud El-Bendary, Khaled Farid, Mohammad Arafa, Wagdi Elkashef, Talaat Abdullah, Ahmed El-Mesery
AIMS: Both S100A4 and Glypican-3 have been known to be engaged in HCC development and progression. This study aimed to evaluate both S100A4 and GPC3 expression in HCC tissues as a prognostic markers. METHODS: Tissues from 70 patients of HCC in cirrhotic HCV patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against SA100A4 and GPC3 and compared with tumor-adjacent tissue (controls). All cases were followed for 40 months. RESULTS: GPC3 was more expressed in HCC (79%) than S100A4 (21%)...
August 21, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37574490/bioinformatic-analysis-of-kit-juxtamembrane-domain-mutations-in-syrian-gist-patients-jigsaw-puzzle-completed
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nour Pharaon, Wafa Habbal, Fawza Monem
BACKGROUND: The huge number of detected somatic KIT mutations highlights the necessity of in silico analyses that are almost absent in the relevant medical literature. The aim of this study is to report the mutation spectrum analysis of exon 11 encoding the juxtamembrane (JM) domain of the KIT gene in a group of Syrian GIST patients. METHODS: Forty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded GIST tissue samples, collected between 2006 and 2016, were retrieved from the pathological archives and analyzed for KIT exon 11 mutations by DNA sequencing...
August 14, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37544974/ligand-based-drug-design-of-quinazolin-4-3h-ones-as-breast-cancer-inhibitors-using-qsar-modeling-molecular-docking-and-pharmacological-profiling
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sagiru Hamza Abdullahi, Adamu Uzairu, Gideon Adamu Shallangwa, Sani Uba, Abdullahi Bello Umar
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common tumor among females globally. Its prevalence is growing around the world, and it is alleged to be the leading cause of cancer death. Approved anti-breast cancer drugs display several side effects and resistance during the early treatment stage. Hence, there is a need for the development of more effective and safer drugs. This research was aimed at designing more potent quinazolin-4(3H)-one molecules as breast cancer inhibitors using a ligand-based design approach, studying their modes of interaction with the target enzyme using molecular docking simulation, and predicting their pharmacological properties...
August 7, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37518096/immunohistochemical-expression-of-p53-protein-in-nephroblastoma-a-predictor-of-unfavorable-prognosis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emmanuel D Morgan, James J Yahaya, Advera I Ngaiza, Emmanuel Othieno, Okwi A Livex
OBJECTIVE: Immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein is so closely related to status of mutation of P53 gene which is tightly linked with pathogenesis of nephroblastoma or Wilms tumor. This study aims to determine the immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein and its predictors in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients with nephroblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of 83 histologically diagnosed cases of nephroblastoma from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks archived at the Department of Pathology, Makerere University, in Kampala, Uganda, were analyzed...
July 31, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37482563/gene-co-expression-network-construction-and-analysis-for-identification-of-genetic-biomarkers-associated-with-glioblastoma-multiforme-using-topological-findings
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seema Sandeep Redekar, Satishkumar L Varma, Atanu Bhattacharjee
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malignant types of central nervous system tumors. GBM patients usually have a poor prognosis. Identification of genes associated with the progression of the disease is essential to explain the mechanisms or improve the prognosis of GBM by catering to targeted therapy. It is crucial to develop a methodology for constructing a biological network and analyze it to identify potential biomarkers associated with disease progression...
July 24, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37455263/fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission-tomography-18f-fdg-pet-computed-tomography-ct-in-the-initial-staging-of-bladder-cancer-a-single-institution-experience
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Shahait, Ramiz Abu-Hijlih, Ala'a Farkouh, Shahed Obeidat, Samer Salah, Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir, Akram Al-Ibraheem
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18 F-FDG PET)-computed tomography (CT) scan for staging urinary bladder cancer. The study also sought to determine the effect of 18 F-FDG PET/CT on management decisions and its implications for patient care. METHODS: A total of 133 patients with bladder cancer who had both conventional imaging and 18 F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging were identified...
July 17, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37423951/observer-agreement-in-single-computerized-tomography-use-for-diagnosing-paediatric-head-and-neck-malignancies-at-uganda-cancer-institute
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alex Mwesigwa Mugisha, Zeridah Muyinda, Joyce Balagadde Kambugu, Denise Apolot, Elizabeth Atugonza, Anneth Teu, Aloysius Gonzaga Mubuuke
BACKGROUND: In the Ugandan setting, investigation for PHNM with CT uses a protocol with both unenhanced and contrast enhanced procedures hence doubling the ionizing radiation exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of single CT procedures in diagnosing PHNM. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using CT images from patients, aged fifteen years and below, investigated for head and neck malignancies at the Uganda Cancer Institute...
July 10, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37357234/using-the-precision-lasso-for-gene-selection-in-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-cancer
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rashed Pourhamidi, Azam Moslemi
BACKGROUND: Gene selection from gene expression profiles is the appropriate tool for diagnosing and predicting cancers. The aim of this study is to perform a Precision Lasso regression model on gene expression of diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients and to find marker genes related to DLBCL. METHODS: In the present case-control study, the dataset included 180 gene expressions from 14 healthy individuals and 17 DLBCL patients. The marker genes were selected by fitting Ridge, Lasso, Elastic Net, and Precision Lasso regression models...
June 26, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37332027/mir-155-and-mir-92-levels-in-all-post-transplant-agvhd-and-cmv-possible-new-treatment-options
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahdiyar Iravani Saadi, Mohsen Nikandish, Zahra Ghahramani, Fatemeh Mardani Valandani, Maryam Ahmadyan, Fakhroddin Hosseini, Zahra Rahimian, Heeva Jalali, Fataneh Tavasolian, Ehsan Nabi Abdolyousefi, Nadiya Kheradmand, Mani Ramzi
BACKGROUND: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy that leads to altered blast cell proliferation, survival, and maturation and eventually to the lethal accumulation of leukemic cells. Recently, dysregulated expression of various micro-RNAs (miRNAs) has been reported in hematologic malignancies, especially ALL. Cytomegalovirus infection can induce ALL in otherwise healthy individuals, so a more detailed evaluation of its role in ALL-endemic areas like Iran is required. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 70 newly diagnosed adults with ALL were recruited...
June 19, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37303010/clinical-features-laboratory-characteristics-and-outcome-of-etp-and-tcra-d-aberrations-in-pediatric-patients-with-t-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona S El Ashry, Enas Radwan, Mona S Abdellateif, Omar Arafah, Naglaa M Hassan
BACKGROUND: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy with few accepted prognostic factors that limit the efficiency of therapy. The aim of the current study was to assess the clinical and laboratory features of T-cell receptor (TCR) aberrations and early T-cell precursor (ETP) subtype as well as their outcome to therapy. METHODS: Sixty-three newly diagnosed pediatric T-ALL patients were assessed for the ETP status using immunophenotyping...
June 12, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37271778/the-conundrum-of-metaplastic-breast-cancer-a-single-egyptian-institution-retrospective-10-year-experience-2011-2020
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yahia Ismail, Amr Kamal, Rasha Allam, Al-Shimaa Zakaria
BACKGROUND: Metaplastic breast cancer (MetBC) still represents a conundrum owing to its peculiar histogenesis and molecular drivers that render it extremely resistant to standard chemotherapy with ultimate dismal survival. AIM: Describe the Egyptian National Cancer Institute's (NCI-E) experience with MetBC regarding its clinicopathologic features, treatment, and survival outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 2011 and 2020, all MetBC patients presented to NCI-E were retrospectively evaluated...
June 5, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37211566/identification-of-crucial-genes-involved-in-thyroid-cancer-development
#38
REVIEW
Iyshwarya Bhaskar Kalarani, Ganesan Sivamani, Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran
BACKGROUND: A malignancy of the endocrine system, one of the most common types, is thyroid cancer. It is proven that children who receive radiation treatment for leukemia or lymphoma are at a heightened risk of thyroid cancer due to low-dose radiation exposure throughout childhood. Several factors can increase the risk of thyroid cancer (ThyCa), such as chromosomal and genetic mutations, iodine intake, TSH levels, autoimmune thyroid disorders, estrogen, obesity, lifestyle changes, and environmental contaminants...
May 22, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37184779/mutational-signatures-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-using-artificial-intelligence
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Odhiambo, Harrison Okello, Annette Wakaanya, Clabe Wekesa, Patrick Okoth
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer worldwide. Its diagnosis and prognosis remain scanty, imprecise, and poorly documented. Previous studies have indicated that some genetic mutational signatures are suspected to lead to progression of various breast cancer scenarios. There is paucity of data on the role of AI tools in delineating breast cancer mutational signatures. This study sought to investigate the relationship between breast cancer genetic mutational profiles using artificial intelligence models with a view to developing an accurate prognostic prediction based on breast cancer genetic signatures...
May 15, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37150782/programmed-death-ligand-1-expression-in-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-correlation-with-clinicopathological-prognostic-factors
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eman Mohamad Ibrahim, Sherine Refat, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Maryan Waheeb Fahmi, Afaf Taha Ibrahiem
BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of the level of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is still debatable. This study examined the effect of the level of PD-L1 expression on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of one hundred de novo DLBCL patients diagnosed from 2013 to 2016...
May 8, 2023: Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
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