journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508807/afanet-adaptive-feature-aggregation-for-polyp-segmentation
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dangguo Shao, Haiqiong Yang, Cuiyin Liu, Lei Ma
In terms of speed and accuracy, the deep learning-based polyp segmentation method is superior. It is essential for the early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer and has the potential to greatly reduce the disease's overall prevalence. Due to the various forms and sizes of polyps, as well as the blurring of the boundaries between the polyp region and the surrounding mucus, most existing algorithms are unable to provide highly accurate colorectal polyp segmentation. Therefore, to overcome these obstacles, we propose an adaptive feature aggregation network (AFANet)...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508806/a-novel-liver-cancer-poc-diagnostic-detection-technique-by-a-gate-engineered-source-extended-tfet-device
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anirban Kolay, Amitesh Kumar
This work reports a novel POC diagnostic technique to identify the cancerous liver cell lines by designing a Source-Extended (SE) Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) having a Single-Gate (SG) with Single-Metal (SM) and Dual-Metal (DM) structure. The proposed structures have been equipped with nanocavities by trenching the gate oxide layer where the needle biopsy obtained liver sample has been immobilized. The detection is based on the difference in drain current and the ratio of the proposed device's ON and OFF state currents, which has been evaluated by obtaining the sensitivities...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508805/deep-learning-approach-to-improve-the-recognition-of-hand-gesture-with-multi-force-variation-using-electromyography-signal-from-amputees
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Triwiyanto Triwiyanto, I Putu Alit Pawana, Wahyu Caesarendra
Variations in muscular contraction are known to significantly impact the quality of the generated EMG signal and the output decision of a proposed classifier. This is an issue when the classifier is further implemented in prosthetic hand design. Therefore, this study aims to develop a deep learning classifier to improve the classification of hand motion gestures and investigate the effect of force variations on their accuracy on amputees. The contribution of this study showed that the resulting deep learning architecture based on DNN (deep neural network) could recognize the six gestures and robust against different force levels (18 combinations)...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508804/a-compressomyograph-train-of-four-monitoring-device
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shu Guo, Joe Moore, Lee Moradi, Eric Rosero, Ahmet C Sabuncu
The monitoring of the neuromuscular blockade is critical for patient's safety during and after surgery. The monitoring of neuromuscular blockade often requires the use of Train of Four (TOF) technique. During a TOF test two electrodes are attached to the ulnar nerve, and a series of four electric pulses are applied. The electrical stimulation causes the thumb to twitch, and the amount of twitch varies depending on the amount of neuromuscular blockade in patient's system. Current medical devices used to assist anesthesiologists to perform TOF monitoring often require free hand movement and do not provide accurate or reliable results...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508803/in-silico-parametric-analysis-of-femoro-jugular-venovenous-ecmo-and-return-cannula-dynamics-in-silico-analysis-of-femoro-jugular-vv-ecmo
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis P Parker, Anders Svensson Marcial, Torkel B Brismar, Lars Mikael Broman, Lisa Prahl Wittberg
BACKGROUND: Increasingly, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is helping explore the impact of variables like: cannula design/size/position/flow rate and patient physiology on venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here we use a CFD model to determine what role cardiac output (CO) plays and to analyse return cannula dynamics. METHODS: Using a patient-averaged model of the right atrium and venae cava, we virtually inserted a 19Fr return cannula and a 25Fr drainage cannula...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508802/the-reliability-and-validity-of-a-novel-wearable-inertial-sensor-to-measure-the-cervical-proprioception
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jialin Wang, Ruirui Wang, Peng Zhao, Tianran Han, Xinwen Cui, Yuwei He, Meng Li
BACKGROUND: Proprioceptive function assessment is crucial in clinical practice for patients with chronic non-specific neck pain (CNNP) as it is a major issue affecting their condition. PURPOSE: To verify the reliability and validity of baiobit sensor in measuring the neck proprioceptive function of CNNP patients. METHODS: Fifty-three CNNP patients were recruited (36 females, 17 males; age range 21-60 years) and were assessed for cervical joint position error by two blinded raters using the Baiobit sensor and laser pointer devices...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508801/tailoring-left-ventricular-assist-device-cannula-implantation-using-coupled-multi-scale-multi-objective-optimization
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abubakar Dankano, Ray Prather, Blake Lozinski, Eduardo Divo, Alain Kassab, William DeCampli
BACKGROUND: The frequent occurrence of thromboembolic cerebral events continues to limit the widespread implementation of Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD) despite continued advancements in VAD design and anti-coagulation treatments. Recent studies point to the optimal positioning of the outflow graft (OG) as a potential mitigator of post implantation thromboembolism. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the tailoring of the OG implantation orientation with the goal of minimizing the number of thrombi reaching the cerebral vessels by means of a formal shape optimization scheme incorporated into a multi-scale hemodynamics analysis...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508800/prototype-and-evaluation-of-automatic-fingertip-blood-sampling-system-that-uses-fingertip-blood-vessel-images-to-determine-puncture-position
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kei Takenaka, Yuji Oyamada, Masahiro Kato, Akio Nagasaka, Junpei Hokari, Takashi Irie, Nobuhiro Tsukada, Atsushi Yanagida
We are developing an automatic fingertip-blood-sampling system to reduce the burden on trained medical personnel. For this system to withdraw a consistent volume of sampled blood for blood tests, we developed a mechanism for our system to select and puncture the vicinity of a large blood vessel from the blood-vessel image of an individual's fingertip. We call this mechanism the fingertip-vessel-puncture mechanism. From the results of an experiment in which the fingertips of 20 individuals (men and women in their 20 s to 60 s) were manually punctured at near and far locations from the blood vessel selected with our mechanism, the following conclusions were obtained...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508799/a-finite-element-model-for-investigating-the-influence-of-keel-design-and-position-on-unicompartmental-knee-replacement-cementless-tibial-component-fixation
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander MacAulay, Azmi Rahman, Laurence Marks, David W Murray, Stephen J Mellon
OBJECTIVES: The cementless Oxford Unicompartmental Knee Replacement (OUKR) tibial component relies on an interference fit to achieve initial fixation. The behaviour at the implant-bone interface is not fully understood and hence modelling of implants using Finite Element (FE) software is challenging. With a goal of exploring alternative implant designs with lower fracture risk and adequate fixation, this study aims to investigate whether optimisation of FE model parameters could accurately reproduce experimental results of a pull-out test which assesses fixation...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508798/novel-tetrapolar-single-needle-electrode-for-electrochemotherapy-in-bone-cavities-modeling-design-and-validation
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas B Lopes, Guilherme B Pintarelli, Raul Guedert, Daniella L L S Andrade, Afrânio C Antonio, Clara T S Ramos, Jéssica R da Silva, Marcelo M M Rangel, Daniela O H Suzuki
Electrochemotherapy is a cancer treatment in which local pulsed electric fields are delivered through electrodes. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on exposing the tumor to a threshold electric field. Electrode geometry plays an important role in the resulting electric field distribution, especially in hard-to-reach areas and deep-seated tumors. We designed and developed a novel tetrapolar single-needle electrode for proper treatment in bone cavities. In silico and in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the electric field and electric current produced by the electrode...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508797/benign-and-malignant-classification-of-breast-tumor-ultrasound-images-using-conventional-radiomics-and-transfer-learning-features-a-multicenter-retrospective-study
#11
MULTICENTER STUDY
Ronghui Tian, Guoxiu Lu, Shiting Tang, Liang Sang, He Ma, Wei Qian, Wei Yang
This study aims to establish an effective benign and malignant classification model for breast tumor ultrasound images by using conventional radiomics and transfer learning features. We collaborated with a local hospital and collected a base dataset (Dataset A) consisting of 1050 cases of single lesion 2D ultrasound images from patients, with a total of 593 benign and 357 malignant tumor cases. The experimental approach comprises three main parts: conventional radiomics, transfer learning, and feature fusion...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508796/treatment-of-pauwels-iii-femoral-neck-fracture-in-young-patients-using-biplane-double-support-screw-internal-fixation-technology-based-on-x-ray-image
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diping Cao, Jie Yin, Pei Yu, Chao Li, Hantao Yuan, Wenbo Sheng, Sibo Li
Traditional treatment methods have certain limitations. In recent years, the technique of internal fixation with double-plane double-supported screws based on X-ray images has been proposed to improve the therapeutic effect. The main objective of this research was to examine the effectiveness of the X-ray image-based bi-planar double-braced screw internal fixation technique . During surgery, the procedure was determined based on X-ray images, followed by an open reduction procedure at the fracture site, and finally internal fixation using bi-planar double-support screws...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508795/in-silico-simulations-to-study-the-effects-of-ankle-joint-misalignments-in-ankle-foot-orthoses-during-level-walking
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vishal K Badari, Ganesh M Bapat
Exoskeletons and orthotic devices are commonly used in physical rehabilitation. However, these devices, fitting intimately with the human body, often lead to skin-related issues amongst users. Misalignments between orthotic and anatomical joints cause relative sliding motion between the limb and orthosis and also cause pressure points on the limb, which may contribute to these skin problems. This research quantifies the effects of sagittal plane ankle-joint misalignments for an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) user during walking...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508794/bio-convective-maxwell-ferrofluid-flow-over-a-flexible-spinning-surface
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anupam Bhandari
The current research findings will have potential applications in the development of drug-targeted and self-sterilizing technologies. This research investigates the bio-convective flow of Maxwell ferrofluid over a flexible spinning plate in the presence of a stationary magnetic field in this paper. This theoretical model is based on the CattaneoChristov theories, the Buongiorno microorganism model, and the Shliomis model, and it is solved using the finite element technique. Using the Galerkin weighted residual approach in COMSOL Multiphysics, the non-dimensional equations of this Maxwell ferrofluid model are numerically solved...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508793/topology-optimization-of-embracing-fixator-considering-bone-remodeling-to-mitigate-stress-shielding-effect
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanyue Xiong, Xiaohong Ding, Heng Zhang, Tiannan Hu, Shipeng Xu, Pengyun Duan, Baixuan Huang
The embracing fixator is one of the widely used internal fixation implants for bone fracture treatment. However, the stress shielding effect, a stress imbalance between the implant and bone caused by the mismatch in mechanical properties between them, is a significant and critical issue that may lead to treatment failure. Thus, it is of great importance to design the implant with an appropriate stiffness which can mitigate the stress shielding effect and provide the most favorable mechanical environment for bone healing and remodeling...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508792/accuracy-of-instrument-tip-position-using-fiber-optic-shape-sensing-for-navigated-bronchoscopy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reidar Brekken, Erlend Fagertun Hofstad, Ole Vegard Solberg, Geir Arne Tangen, Håkon Olav Leira, Lucian Gruionu, Thomas Langø
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a method for estimating the tip position of a fiber optic shape-sensing (FOSS) integrated instrument being inserted through a bronchoscope. A modified guidewire with a multicore optical fiber was inserted into the working channel of a custom-made catheter with three electromagnetic (EM) sensors. The displacement between the instruments was manually set, and a point-based method was applied to match the position of the EM sensors to corresponding points on the shape...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508791/improvement-of-postural-control-in-the-frail-older-adults-through-foot-care-a-pre-and-post-intervention-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoko Yamashita, Kazuhiko Yamashita, Mitsuru Sato, Shingo Ata
Frailty in older adults often leads to foot issues, increasing fall-related fracture risk. Mechanoreceptors, the pressure receptors in the foot sole, are pivotal for postural control. Foot problems can impair mechanoreceptor function, compromising balance. This study aimed to examine the effect of foot care on postural control in frail older adults. Forty-eight participants underwent a five-month monthly foot care intervention. Measurements were taken before and after this intervention. Participants stood for 45 s in a static, open-eyed position on a stabilometer...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508790/design-of-a-new-detachable-pedicle-screw-based-on-medical-optical-imaging-inspection-to-improve-osteoporosis-and-enhance-vertebral-body-revision-effect
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haipeng Xia, Chao Zhou, Yanguo Wang, Yanping Zheng
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that often leads to difficulty in vertebrae revision. Traditional pedicle screws are often complicated to operate and have poor visibility during implantation. A new detachable pedicle screw is needed to improve the revision effect. The aim of this study was to design a new detachable pedicle screw based on medical optical imaging to improve the outcome of vertebral revision in osteoporosis, and to improve operational feasibility and visibility. In this study, the parameters related to the degree of osteoporosis were obtained by optical imaging detection of the osteoporotic vertebral body...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508789/a-novel-deep-learning-approach-for-early-detection-of-cardiovascular-diseases-from-ecg-signals
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S T Aarthy, J L Mazher Iqbal
Cardiovascular diseases, often asymptomatic until severe, pose a significant challenge in medical diagnosis. Despite individuals' normal outward appearance and routine activities, subtle indications of these diseases can manifest in the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, often overlooked by standard interpretation. Current machine learning models have been ineffective in discerning these minor variations due to the irregular and subtle nature of changes in the ECG patterns. This paper uses a novel deep-learning approach to predict slight variations in ECG signals by fine-tuning the learning rate of a deep convolutional neural network...
March 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38418032/mechanomyography-signals-pattern-recognition-in-hand-movements-using-swarm-intelligence-algorithm-optimized-support-vector-machine-based-on-acceleration-sensors
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Zhang, Gangsheng Cao, Maoxun Sun, Baigan Zhao, Qing Wu, Chunming Xia
On the basis of extracting mechanomyography (MMG) signal features, the classification of hand movements has certain application values in human-machine interaction systems and wearable devices. In this paper, pattern recognition of hand movements based on MMG signal is studied with swarm intelligence algorithms introduced to optimize support vector machine (SVM). Time domain (TD) features, wavelet packet node energy (WPNE) features, frequency domain (FD) features, convolution neural network (CNN) features were extracted from each channel to constitute different feature sets...
February 2024: Medical Engineering & Physics
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