Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To describe the technical aspects of emergency tracheostomy in a case of extensive neck swelling with a challenging airway. METHODS: We report a case of difficult tracheostomy in a patient with a huge neck swelling causing obscured anatomical landmarks in significant stridor. A literature review was performed to identify similar cases or techniques. RESULTS: Emergency tracheostomy was successfully executed with the help of clinical acumen, imaging findings and intra-operative ultrasound usage...

Sensorineural hearing loss is relatively well established in the squamosal chronic otitis media. However, its association with mucosal COM is still debated. The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in unilateral mucosal COM. The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, and 60 patients with unilateral mucosal chronic otitis media were recruited. Pure tone thresholds were ascertained for air and bone conduction in an acoustically treated room and matched against certain patient and disease characteristics...

UNLABELLED: Adenoidectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in children today, either alone or in conjunction with tonsillectomy or insertion of ventilating tubes. The present study was planned to compare the endoscopic powered adenoidectomy versus conventional adenoidectomy. The present prospective observational randomized study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Rajasthan. Fifty patients with adenoid hypertrophy in the age group between 5-13 years were enrolled in the study and divided in to two groups viz...

A 66-years-old female presented with impaired hearing of two-year duration and a recent ear discharge. High-resolution computed tomography and intra-operative findings showed a mass lesion in the right middle ear cavity that was unconnected with the brain. A histopathological diagnosis of glial heterotopia was made and an etiopathogenic hypothesis was analysed.

Infantile fibrosarcoma is an uncommon soft tissue tumour in infants and children mostly located in the extremities. Its occurrence in the head and neck, particularly in the oral cavity is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of infantile fibrosarcoma of the tongue base in a 9-year-old boy and discuss the complexities in arriving at diagnosis and its management. The patient underwent wide local excision of the tumour. Histopathology was essential in confirming the diagnosis. As per search in English literature, this is the first case of infantile fibrosarcoma of the tongue base to be reported till date...

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is a peripheral labyrinthine disease and is one of the most common causes of dizziness in the general population. The proposed study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery at Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh for a period of one year. About 44 patients aged between 14 and 60 years who came out positive on Dix Hallpike test and were willing for study were included in case group, whereas 44 patients aged 14-60 years who came out negative on Dix Hallpike test and with no complaint of vertiginous feeling were included in control group...

UNLABELLED: Background: Contrast Induced Sialadenitis or Iodide Mumps refers to non-suppurative inflammation of salivary glands following intravenous iodinated contrast administration. It is a rare adverse effect of iodinated contrast with only a few cases reported worldwide. It is hypothesized to be an idiosyncratic reaction due to toxic accumulation of iodine in salivary glands. Case Report: We report a case of a 40-year-old female patient who underwent CECT brain after intravenous injection of 40ml of non-ionic iodinated contrast and developed symmetric painless swelling in bilateral submandibular triangles within five hours of contrast administration...

INTRODUCTION: Malignancies in children are different from those found in adults and are a significant cause of childhood mortality.They have varied clinical presentation depending on site and type of disease.It is essential to recognize the early signs and symptoms of malignancies in childhood, especially those involving head and neck region, so as to reduce childhood mortality and morbidity. MATERIALS: A total of 2384 children were admitted over a period of 7 years...

BACKGROUND: Plasmacytomas are tumors involving plasma cells that can be either osseous or extraosseous. Solitary extraosseous plasmacytomas are rarely found in the head and neck region. Various pathological, immuno-histochemistry, and radiological investigations must be done to distinguish it from multiple myeloma. CASE: A 41-year-old female presented with a progressively increasing mass in right submandibular region for 1 year. She also had complaints of dysphagia and dyspnea for 3 months...

Our study aims to evaluate the functions of the middle and inner ear and the efferent auditory system in psoriasis. Hearing thresholds, resonance frequency, otoacoustic emission amplitudes with and without contralateral acoustic stimulation, contralateral suppression levels were evaluated in 35 psoriasis patients and 40 controls. The air-conduction hearing thresholds of the patients were significantly higher than the controls at 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 12,000 Hz frequencies in the left ear, and 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz frequencies in the right ear, and the bone-conduction hearing thresholds of the patients were found to be significantly higher than the controls at all frequencies in the left ear, and 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz in the right ear ( p  < 0...

Parastomal recurrence occurs in around 5% of patients undergoing total laryngectomy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. It carries a poor prognosis which has changed little over the last 50 years, and poses a significant challenge to the head and neck surgeon. At present, surgical excision offers the only realistic chance of cure, although patients must be selected carefully following thorough work-up and in-depth multidisciplinary team discussion. This article provides a review of the literature on the management of parastomal recurrence following total laryngectomy...

UNLABELLED: Aim : To study the presentation, management and outcome of laryngeal cysts in children. Materials and methods : This is a retrospective observational study of children with Laryngeal cysts who were managed in the Department of Paediatric Surgery between April 2015 to Jan 2022. Observations and Results : Eight children with laryngeal cysts were included, 5 were girls. Age ranged from 3 days to 10 years (median 5 months). Weight ranged from 3kg to 40kg (median 6.3 kg). All presented with stridor...

The most common endocrine cancer is thyroid carcinoma, however it seldom spreads to the oral cavity. Follicular thyroid carcinoma is the second most common type of thyroid cancer after papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid carcinoma-related mandibular metastases is not very common, and there aren't many cases reported in the literature. We are describing a case in which the underlying cancer was diagnosed before the metastatic mandibular lesion was found. Total thyroidectomy and excision of the affected structures, with or without adjuvant therapy, appear to be the most effective treatments...

PURPOSE: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy. The identification of preoperative predictors could be helpful to identify patients at risk. The aim of this study is to determine if preoperative vitamin D levels are related to transient, protracted, and permanent hypoparathyroidism. METHOD: A prospective, observational study that includes 100 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. RESULTS: Transient hypoparathyroidism was present in 42% of patients, 11% developed protracted hypoparathyroidism and 5% permanent hypoparathyroidism...

Hemangiomas are benign slow growing vascular tumors of endothelial origin, commonly seen in young. Laryngeal hemangiomas are rare entities with varied clinical presentations depending upon their location and size. We hereby report a rare case of recurrent hemoptysis in a 65-year-old lady with epiglottic hemangioma.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma is a distinct subtype of lymphoma, presenting as a diffuse gland involvement or a discrete mass. Pre-operative diagnosis is a challenge as Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is often inconclusive and presently no radiological investigation is confirmatory, therefore final diagnosis is made after surgical resection and immunohistopathology. We report a case of MALT lymphoma, which clinically presented as a unilateral large diffuse swelling of the parotid gland with a diagnostic dilemma eventually underwent total parotidectomy to be finally diagnosed as MALT lymphoma of parotid gland and received field radiotherapy with complete cure and no recurrence in a 2-year follow-up...

UNLABELLED: Benign soft tissue chondroma is a rare type of extraskeletal chondrocytic tumour. It usually can be found in skeletal system in extremities. Head and neck region is one of the most uncommon sites for extraskeletal chondroma .Most common site is tongue and there has been paucity of cases arising from the other subsites .We present a case of 56 years gentleman who came to our OPD with a right masticator space swelling. It was nonmalignant on FNAC. He underwent wide local excision through a transparotid approach...

To study the usefulness of clinical features, histopathological and radiological features in diagnosis and management of salivary gland lesions. Prospective study conducted at the department of ENT of a tertiary care centre in central India. A total of 162 patients who were treated over a period of 2 years for salivary gland lesions were studied with regards to correlation between clinical diagnosis, cytological examination and radiological features with histopathological diagnosis. Mean age group was 23.94 (± 15...

According to recent studies, head and neck cancers (HNC) make up a substantial proportion of all cancers in India and are proportionately high in the lower socioeconomic people practising tobacco and alcohol. Chemotherapy is a crucial component of treating HNC, and this study was carried out to determine the Cost Minimization Analysis (CMA) by comparing the price of the high and least expensive branded drugs marketed in India. This study was performed to understand the cost difference (CD), Cost ratio (CR) and percentage of cost variation (PCV) of both individual drugs and the standard anticancer regimens...

The purpose of this review was to evaluate the air-bone gap with vestibular aqueduct size in enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome. According to the PRISMA guidelines we conducted a systematic review of the literature. Published international articles in English from 2000 to 2022 were screened, checking for studies that evaluated the air-bone gap of patients affected by enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome and the size of vestibular aqueduct. Data related to the hearing assessment and imaging investigation of enrolled participants were extracted...