journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517981/colitis-due-to-cancer-treatment-with-immune-check-point-inhibitors-review-of-literature-and-presentation-of-clinical-cases
#1
REVIEW
Andreja Ocepek
Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors is effective in various cancers, but may be associated with immune-mediated side effects in other organs. Among the more common ones is gastrointestinal tract involvement, especially colitis. In most patients, colitis is mild or responds to corticosteroid treatment. A smaller proportion of patients, more often those treated with cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 inhibitors, may have a more severe course of colitis, even life-threatening complications. In these patients, prompt action, timely diagnosis with endoscopic evaluation and early treatment with high-dose corticosteroids and, if ineffective, rescue therapy with biologic agents such as infliximab and vedolizumab are needed...
March 22, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452391/the-therapeutic-effect-of-ultrasound-targeted-destruction-of-schisandrin-a-contrast-microbubbles-on-liver-cancer-and-its-mechanism
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaohui Wang, Feng Wang, Pengfei Dong, Lin Zhou
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to explore the therapeutic effect of ultrasound targeted destruction of schisandrin A contrast microbubbles on liver cancer and its related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Span-PEG microbubbles loaded with schisandrin A were prepared using Span60, NaCl, PEG-1500, and schisandrin A. The loading rate of schisandrin A in Span-PEG composite microbubbles was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. The Walker-256 cell survival rate of schisandrin A was determined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay...
March 7, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452390/correlation-of-laminin-subunit-alpha-3-expression-in-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-with-tumor-liver-metastasis-and-survival
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yueyi Xing, Xue Jing, Gong Qing, Yueping Jiang
BACKGROUND: The high mortality rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is primarily attributed to metastasis. Laminin subunit alpha 3 (LAMA3) is known to modulate tumor progression. However, the influence of LAMA3 on liver metastasis in PDAC remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether LAMA3 expression is increased in PDAC with liver metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We extracted information related to LAMA3 expression levels and associated clinicopathological parameters from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets...
March 7, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452387/influence-of-different-intraoperative-fluid-management-on-postoperative-outcome-after-abdominal-tumours-resection
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matej Jenko, Katarina Mencin, Vesna Novak-Jankovic, Alenka Spindler-Vesel
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative fluid management is a crucial aspect of cancer surgery, including colorectal surgery and pancreatoduodenectomy. The study tests if intraoperative multimodal monitoring reduces postoperative morbidity and duration of hospitalisation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery treated by the same anaesthetic protocols with epidural analgesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in 2 parallel groups. High-risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomly selected in the control group (CG), where standard monitoring was applied (44 patients), and the protocol group (PG), where cerebral oxygenation and extended hemodynamic monitoring were used with the protocol for intraoperative interventions (44 patients)...
March 7, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452341/dosimetry-and-efficiency-comparison-of-knowledge-based-and-manual-planning-using-volumetric-modulated-arc-therapy-for-craniospinal-irradiation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei-Ta Tsai, Hui-Ling Hsieh, Shih-Kai Hung, Chi-Fu Zeng, Ming-Fen Lee, Po-Hao Lin, Chia-Yi Lin, Wei-Chih Li, Wen-Yen Chiou, Tung-Hsin Wu
BACKGROUND: Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) poses a challenge to treatment planning due to the large target, field junction, and multiple organs at risk (OARs) involved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of knowledge-based planning (KBP) in CSI by comparing original manual plans (MP), KBP RapidPlan initial plans (RPI ), and KBP RapidPlan final plans (RPF ), which received further re-optimization to meet the dose constraints. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Dose distributions in the target were evaluated in terms of coverage, mean dose, conformity index (CI), and homogeneity index (HI)...
March 7, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452328/impact-of-early-integrated-rehabilitation-on-fatigue-in-600-patients-with-breast-cancer-a-prospective-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masa Auprih, Tina Zagar, Nina Kovacevic, Andreja Cirila Skufca Smrdel, Nikola Besic, Vesna Homar
BACKGROUND: Fatigue after breast cancer treatment is a common burden that is challenging to treat. The aim of this study was to explore if such integrated rehabilitation program reduces the prevalence of chronic fatigue compared to simple, non-integrated rehabilitation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects of our prospective study were 600 female breast cancer patients (29-65 [mean 52 years] of age), who participated in the pilot study on the individualized integrated rehabilitation of breast cancer patients in 2019-2021 and were monitored for one year...
March 7, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38183280/multi-institutional-study-of-sandwich-treatment-for-motor-area-large-brain-metastases-lbm-with-diameter-over-3-cm
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng Wang, Haining Chen, Qun Chen, Yucun Zhu, Min Li, Jia Zhou
BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to explore the effectiveness and safety of 'Sandwich treatment' strategy for large brain metastases (LBM) with diameter over 3 cm (minimum volume >= 15 cm3 ) located in motor area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients from four gamma knife center that received 'Sandwich treatment' were retrospectively studied from January 2016 to March 2023. The strategy was one-week treatment course including 2 stages of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and using bevacizumab once during SRS gap...
January 6, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38183278/quantitative-assessment-of-bone-marrow-infiltration-and-characterization-of-tumor-burden-using-dual-layer-spectral-ct-in-patients-with-multiple-myeloma
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Xiong, Rong Hong, Xu Fan, Zhengmei Hao, Xiaohui Zhang, Yu Zhang, Chunhong Hu
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether virtual calcium subtraction (VNCa) image extracted from dual-layer spectral CT could estimate bone marrow (BM) infiltration with MRI as the reference standard and characterize tumor burden in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients with newly diagnosed MM were retrospectively enrolled. They had undergone whole-body low-dose dual-layer spectral CT (DLCT) and whole-body MRI within one week...
January 6, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38183274/a-retrospective-study-on-improving-the-accuracy-of-radiotherapy-for-patients-with-breast-cancer-with-lymph-node-metastasis-using-styrofoam
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Li, Lin Yang, Xiaowei Yao, Linlin Xu, Lina Zhao, Fei Bai
BACKGROUND: To retrospectively analyze the accuracy of radiotherapy using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), Styrofoam fixation, and breast bracket fixation in the chest wall target area and supraclavicular lymphatic drainage area (supraclavicular target area) of patients with breast cancer.and compare the setting efficiency and comfort satisfaction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 65 patients with postoperative lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer, including 36 cases of Styrofoam fixation and 29 cases of breast bracket fixation, were recruited from March 2021 to August 2022 and retrospectively analyzed...
January 6, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378038/influence-of-nutritional-status-and-body-composition-on-postoperative-events-and-outcome-in-patients-treated-for-primary-localized-retroperitoneal-sarcoma
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel Ramanovic, Marko Novak, Andraz Perhavec, Taja Jordan, Karteek Popuri, Nada Rotovnik Kozjek
BACKGROUND: Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin, commonly presented as a large tumour mass at time of diagnosis. We investigated the impact of body composition on outcome in patients operated on for primary localized RPS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data for all patients operated on for primary RPS at our institution between 1999 and 2020. Preoperative skeletal muscle area (SMA), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (VAT and SAT) and muscle radiation attenuation (MRA) were calculated using computed tomography scans at the level of third lumbar vertebra...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378037/rad54b-promotes-gastric-cancer-cell-migration-and-angiogenesis-via-the-wnt-%C3%AE-catenin-pathway
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianchao Li, Hui Geng, Xin Li, Shenshan Zou, Xintao Xu
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is an epidemic malignancy that is commonly diagnosed at the late stage. Evidence has elucidated that RAD54B exerts a crucial role in the progress of various tumors, but its specific role and mechanism in gastric cancer remain gloomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The level of RAD54B was detected by western blot. RAD54B expression was downregulated or upregulated in both MKN45 and AGS cells by the transfection of shRAD54B or overexpression plasmid, respectively...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378036/the-prognostic-significance-of-programmed-cell-death-protein-1-and-its-ligand-on-lymphoma-cells-and-tumor-immune-cells-in-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-not-otherwise-specified
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teja Cas Slak, Simona Miceska, Gorana Gasljevic, Lucka Boltezar, Veronika Kloboves-Prevodnik
BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS) is the most common type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, where the treatment of relapsed/refractory cases is the major challenge. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 play a crucial role in the negative regulation of the immune response against the disease. The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on lymphoma cells (LCs) and tumor-immune cells (TICs) and to investigate their correlation with outcome...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378035/looking-through-the-imaging-perspective-the-importance-of-imaging-necrosis-in-glioma-diagnosis-and-prognostic-prediction-single-centre-experience
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Ma, Shanmei Zeng, Dingxiang Xie, Wenting Zeng, Yingqian Huang, Liwei Mazu, Nengjin Zhu, Zhiyun Yang, Jianping Chu, Jing Zhao
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of imaging necrosis (Imnecrosis ) in grading, predict the genotype and prognosis of gliomas, and further assess tumor necrosis by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion imaging (DCE-MRI). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively included 150 patients (104 males, mean age: 46 years old) pathologically proved as adult diffuse gliomas and all diagnosis was based on the 2021 WHO central nervous system (CNS) classification...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378034/the-equivalence-of-different-types-of-electric-pulses-for-electrochemotherapy-with-cisplatin-an-in-vitro-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Scuderi, Janja Dermol-Cerne, Janez Scancar, Stefan Markovic, Lea Rems, Damijan Miklavcic
BACKGROUND: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a treatment involving the administration of chemotherapeutics drugs followed by the application of 8 square monopolar pulses of 100 μs duration at a repetition frequency of 1 Hz or 5000 Hz. However, there is increasing interest in using alternative types of pulses for ECT. The use of high-frequency short bipolar pulses has been shown to mitigate pain and muscle contractions. Conversely, the use of millisecond pulses is interesting when combining ECT with gene electrotransfer for the uptake of DNA-encoding proteins that stimulate the immune response with the aim of converting ECT from a local to systemic treatment...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378033/role-of-diffusion-weighted-imaging-in-response-prediction-and-evaluation-after-high-dose-rate-brachytherapy-in-patients-with-colorectal-liver-metastases
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salma Karim, Ricarda Seidensticker, Max Seidensticker, Jens Ricke, Regina Schinner, Karla Treitl, Johannes Rübenthaler, Maria Ingenerf, Christine Schmid-Tannwald
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to evaluate treatment response in patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective, observational cohort study, we included 19 patients with 18 responding metastases (R-Mets; follow-up at least one year) and 11 non-responding metastases (NR-Mets; local tumor recurrence within one year) who were treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) and underwent pre- and post-interventional MRI...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378032/role-of-endoscopic-ultrasound-guided-fine-needle-aspiration-biopsies-in-diagnosing-pancreatic-neoplasms-in-the-paediatric-population-experience-from-a-tertiary-center-and-review-of-the-literature
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maja Kebe Radulovic, Jernej Brecelj, Andrej Gruden, Margareta Strojan Flezar
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS FNAB) is a well established diagnostic method in adult patients, but is rarely used in the paediatric population. The Clinical Department of Gastroenterology at the University Clinical Centre Ljubljana and the Department of Cytopathology at the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, have been closely collaborating on EUS FNAB since the introduction in 2010. The aim of the study was to review the cases of EUS FNAB of pancreatic neoplasms in children...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378031/sarcopenic-obesity-in-cancer
#17
REVIEW
Mihaela Jurdana, Maja Cemazar
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition characterized by sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) and obesity (increase in fat mass) that mainly affects older adults. As the incidence of sarcopenia and obesity increases worldwide, sarcopenic obesity is becoming a greater problem also in cancer patients. In fact, sarcopenic obesity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, longer hospital stays, physical disability, and shorter survival in several cancers...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378030/the-influence-of-cytotoxic-drugs-on-the-immunophenotype-of-blast-cells-in-paediatric-b-precursor-acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomaz Prelog, Simon Bucek, Andreja Brozic, Jakob Peterlin, Marko Kavcic, Masa Omerzel, Bostjan Markelc, Tanja Jesenko, Veronika Kloboves Prevodnik
BACKGROUND: Flow cytometry plays is important in the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and when antigen-specific immunotherapy is indicated. We have investigated the effects of prednisolone, vincristine, daunorubicin, asparaginase and methotrexate on the antigen expression on blast cells that could influence the planning of antigen-specific therapy as well as risk-based treatment assignment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients aged ≤ 17 years with de novo B-cell ALL (B-ALL) were enrolled in the study...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378029/detection-performance-and-prognostic-value-of-initial-bone-marrow-involvement-in-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-a-single-centre-18-f-fdg-pet-ct-and-bone-marrow-biopsy-evaluation-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrej Doma, Katarina Zevnik, Andrej Studen, Veronika Kloboves Prevodnik, Gorana Gasljevic, Barbara Jezersek Novakovic
BACKGROUND: Detection of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) typically relies on invasive bone marrow biopsy (BMB) that faces procedure limitations, while 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging offers a noninvasive alternative. The present study assesses the performance of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in DLBCL BMI detection, its agreement with BMB, and the impact of BMI on survival outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analyzes baseline 18 F-FDG PET/CT and BMB findings in145 stage II-IV DLBCL patients, evaluating both performance of the two diagnostic procedures and the impact of BMI on survival...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378028/telomere-length-and-tert-polymorphisms-as-biomarkers-in-asbestos-related-diseases
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Mervic, Katja Goricar, Tanja Blagus, Alenka Franko, Katarina Trebusak-Podkrajsek, Metoda Dodic Fikfak, Vita Dolzan, Viljem Kovac
BACKGROUND: Asbestos exposure has been proposed as a risk factor for shorter telomere length. The aim of our study was to investigate whether telomere length in leukocytes and hTERT genetic polymorphisms may serve as potential biomarkers for the risk of developing asbestos-related diseases and as biomarkers of progression and chemotherapy response rate in malignant mesothelioma (MM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We conducted two retrospective studies. In the first study, a case-control study, telomere length and hTERT polymorphisms were determined in patients with MM, subjects with pleural plaques and controls without the asbestos related disease, who were occupationally exposed to asbestos...
March 1, 2024: Radiology and Oncology
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