journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503061/the-sperm-ultrastructure-of-spermophagus-kuesteri-schilsky-1905-chrysomelidae-bruchinae-and-considerations-on-the-relationships-of-cucujiformia-superfamilies
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulo Henrique Rezende, David Mercati, Pietro Lupetti, Romano Dallai
The sperm ultrastructure of the bean-weevil Spermophagus kuesteri (Bruchinae) was studied to verify the congruence of the new position of the subfamily within Chrysomelidae. The results indicated a positive answer to the question supporting a close relationship between Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae, a finding confirmed also by molecular data. Moreover, the sperm morphology of Divales cinctus, a member of Melyridae (Cleroidea) allowed to confirm the different sperm organization between members of this superfamily and Phytophaga (Chrysomeloidea + Curculionoidea)...
March 7, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461563/microscopic-chemical-characterization-of-epoxy-resin-with-scanning-transmission-electron-microscopy-electron-energy-loss-spectroscopy
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsin-Hui Huang, Tomohiro Miyata, Yohei K Sato, Teruyasu Mizoguchi, Hiroshi Jinnai, Kaname Yoshida
The structural characterization of epoxy resins is essential to improve the understanding on their structure-property relationship for promising high-performance applications. Among all analytical techniques, scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy-loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) is a powerful tool for probing the chemical and structural information of various materials at a high spatial resolution. However, for sensitive materials, such as epoxy resins, the structural damage induced by electron-beam irradiation limits the spatial resolution in the STEM-EELS analysis...
March 7, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492242/orientation-dependent-oxidation-behavior-of-cu-under-in-situ-e-beam-irradiation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiwei Xia, Quan An, Lianyang Chen, Ran Cai
Herein, we present an atomic in-situ investigation of Cu oxidation along different orientations stimulated by high-energy electron beams (E-Beam) in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By following the microstructural evolution of the Cu substrate in real time, high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images reveal an orientation-dependent oxidation mechanism, whereby Cu along [110] zone axis migrates onto the surface and be oxidized while Cu along [100] zone axis is oxidized completely both in bulk and at the surface...
March 5, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492241/propionic-acid-affects-the-synaptic-architecture-of-rat-hippocampus-and-prefrontal-cortex
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mzia G Zhvania, Giorgi Lobzhanidze, Nino Pochkhidze, Nadezhda Japaridze, Pavel Tchelidze, Fuad Rzayev, Eldar Gasimov
It is well documented that propionic acid (PPA) produces behavioral, morphological, molecular and immune responses in rats that are characteristic of autism spectrum disorder in humans. However, whether PPA affects the ultrastructure and synaptic architecture of regions of autistic brain has not been adequately addressed. Earlier we show that single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of PPA (175 mg/kg) produces superficial changes in the spatial memory and learning of adolescent male Wistar rats. However, in neurons, synapses and glial cells of hippocampal CA1 area and medial prefrontal cortex transient (mainly) or enduring alterations were detected...
March 4, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471391/recent-developments-in-denoising-medical-images-using-deep-learning-an-overview-of-models-techniques-and-challenges
#5
REVIEW
Nahida Nazir, Abid Sarwar, Baljit Singh Saini
Medical imaging plays a critical role in diagnosing and treating various medical conditions. However, interpreting medical images can be challenging even for expert clinicians, as they are often degraded by noise and artifacts that can hinder the accurate identification and analysis of diseases, leading to severe consequences such as patient misdiagnosis or mortality. Various types of noise, including Gaussian, Rician, and Salt-pepper noise, can corrupt the area of interest, limiting the precision and accuracy of algorithms...
March 2, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457947/examining-cut-mark-residue-with-sem-to-identify-metal-tool-use-an-experimental-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesc Marginedas, Josep Maria Vergès, Palmira Saladié, Antonio Rodríguez-Hidalgo
In this manuscript, we explore the potential of studying metal residues in cut marks generated by copper and bronze knives. The method was developed in the forensic sciences for use with modern metals in order to identify microscopic particles of metal tools on bone surfaces. However, the study of residues in archaeological materials can be challenging due to the ways in which the bone remains may have been manipulated, both in the past and in more recent times. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), we detected microscopic fragments of bronze and copper knives along with contamination both inside and outside of the cut marks made by those knives...
February 26, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428322/ebsd-investigation-of-microstructure-and-microtexture-evolution-on-additively-manufactured-tic-fe-based-cermets-influence-of-multiple-laser-scanning
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H S Maurya, R J Vikram, R Kumar, R Rahmani, K Juhani, F Sergejev, K G Prashanth
Sustainable TiC-Fe-based cermets have been fabricated by adopting an Additive Manufacturing route based on laser powder bed fusion technology (L-PBF). The objective is to produce crack-free cermet components by employing novel multiple laser scanning techniques with variations in laser process parameters. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD) was used to study the microstructure and microtexture evolution with variations in laser process parameters. The investigation revealed that adjusting the preheating scan speed (PHS) and melting scan speed (MS) influenced the growth and nucleation of TiC phases...
February 23, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430624/structural-and-mechanical-characterization-of-the-hoof-in-mongolian-equids
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuo Chen, Xin Yang, Shucai Xu, Jiafeng Song
In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties (including nanoindentation, tensile test, and compression test) of Mongolian horse hooves were investigated. Many tubules and Intermediate Filaments (IF) were distributed longitudinally in the hoof of Mongolian horses, which could better help the hoof cushioning. The hardness and modulus of the hoof wall of Mongolian horses varied at different water contents. The hardness and modulus decreased with the increase in water content. The modulus of elasticity of the hoof wall decreased from 16...
February 21, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432078/comparative-study-of-ion-milling-techniques-for-the-preparation-of-ceramic-fibers-in-transmission-electron-microscopy
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clémentine Fellah, Bérangère Lesaint
Sample preparation, essential to any analysis, remains an under-documented step. Preparation methods for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are complex and lead to artifacts that need to be identified to avoid wrong conclusions about the sample's microstructure. Ion milling techniques are increasingly becoming the reference techniques to prepare thin foils. The possibilities of different ion beam processes for milling samples will be shown and compared, using ceramic carbon/carbide fibers, a material applied in many industrial applications, as a test specimen...
February 20, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447516/a-comparative-approach-employing-microct-for-the-analysis-of-cenozoic-foraminifera-from-the-brazilian-carbonate-equatorial-platform
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olga Oliveira De Araújo, Orangel Aguilera, Dayana Alvarado Sierra, Beatriz Teixeira Guimarães, Vinicius Kutter, Ana Paula Linhares, Daniel Lima, Julianny Dos Santos Silva, Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
Worldwide, some of the largest hydrocarbon reservoirs are located in tropical neritic carbonate deposits. Biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental analyzes of these sedimentary records are often based on the study of foraminiferal assemblage. Foraminifera-based biozones are widely employed in the oil industry to support drilling processes that, alongside petrophysical prospecting, define interval favorable for exploiting hydrocarbon resources. Both scientific research and the petroleum industry, however, usually apply traditional petrographical and paleontological methods to analyze microfossil assemblages, especially for large benthic foraminifera...
February 15, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367292/novel-technology-for-controlled-fabrication-of-aperture-cantilever-sensors-for-scanning-near-field-optical-microscopy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A S Kolomiytsev, A V Kotosonova, O I Il'in, A V Saenko, A V Shelaev, A V Baryshev
This paper presents a new technique for forming SNOM (Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy) cantilevers. The technique is based on the continuous growth of a conical hollow tip using local ion-induced carbon deposition on standard tipless cantilever chips. This method offers precise control of the geometric parameters of the cantilever's tip, including the angle of the tip, the probe's curvature radius, and the input and output aperture diameter. Such control allows to optimize the probe for specific tasks...
February 14, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38354449/insight-into-structural-and-chemical-profile-composition-of-powdered-enamel-and-dentine-in-different-types-of-permanent-human-teeth
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katarzyna Sarna-Boś, Patrycja Boguta, Monika Szymańska-Chargot, Kamil Skic, Artur Zdunek, Piotr Stachurski, Marin Vodanovic, Renata Chałas
Research on the structure and chemical composition of dental tissues allows for the optimisation of materials used in the treatment and care of teeth. Understanding pathological processes occurring in dental tissues and their reactions to various substances, including dental materials, are crucial for the development of new dental technologies. The aim of the study was to check the similarities in the chemical and morphological structure of enamel and dentine powders in various groups of permanent teeth, as well as differential chemical analysis for both grinded tissues tested...
February 8, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38341939/a-review-of-recent-advancement-in-covalent-organic-framework-cofs-synthesis-and-characterization-with-a-focus-on-their-applications-in-antibacterial-activity
#13
REVIEW
F Al-Dolaimy, Shelesh Krishna Saraswat, Baydaa Abed Hussein, Uday Abdul-Reda Hussein, Shakir Mahmood Saeed, Ashwaq Talib Kareem, Alzahraa S Abdulwahid, Thair L Mizal, Khursheed Muzammil, Ahmed Hussien Alawadi, Ali Alsalamy, Farah Hussin, Mazin Hadi Kzarb
The primary objective of this review is to present a comprehensive examination of the synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial applications of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). COFs represent a distinct category of porous materials characterized by a blend of advantageous features, including customizable pore dimensions, substantial surface area, and adaptable chemical properties. These attributes position COFs as promising contenders for various applications, notably in the realm of antibacterial activity...
February 2, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38359615/localization-and-quantitative-distribution-of-a-chromatin-structural-protein-topoisomerase-ii-on-plant-chromosome-using-hvtem-and-uhvtem
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Channarong Sartsanga, Rinyaporn Phengchat, Toshiyuki Wako, Kiichi Fukui, Nobuko Ohmido
Topoisomerase II (TopoII) is an essential structural protein of the metaphase chromosome. It maintains the axial compaction of chromosomes during metaphase. It is localized at the axial region of chromosomes and accumulates at the centromeric region in metaphase chromosomes. However, little is known about TopoII localization and distribution in plant chromosomes, except for several publications. We used high voltage transmission electron microscopy (HVTEM) and ultra-high voltage transmission electron microscopy (UHVTEM) in conjunction with immunogold labeling and visualization techniques to detect TopoII and investigate its localization, alignment, and density on the barley chromosome at 1...
February 1, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340549/measuring-electrical-properties-in-semiconductor-devices-by-pixelated-stem-and-off-axis-electron-holography-or-convergent-beams-vs-plane-waves
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Cooper, Lucas Bruas, Matthew Bryan, Victor Boureau
We demonstrate the use of both pixelated differential phase contrast (DPC) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and off-axis electron holography (EH) for the measurement of electric fields and assess the advantages and limitations of each technique when applied to technologically relevant samples. Three different types of samples are examined, firstly a simple highly-doped Si pn junction. Then a SiGe superlattice is examined to evaluate the effects of the mean inner potential on the measured signal...
January 29, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38301295/dimple-grinding-coupled-with-optical-microscopy-for-porosity-analysis-of-metallic-coatings
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Hu, A He, D Aasen, S Shukla, D G Ivey
Dimple grinding is one of the steps used in a common method of preparing samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM); the TEM sample preparation process also involves ion beam sputtering after the dimpling stage. During dimpling, a spherical depression is machined into the sample, leaving a thicker rim to support and facilitate sample handling. In this paper, an alternative application for dimple grinding is developed; dimple grinding combined with optical microscopy is utilized to quantify internal porosity present within coatings...
January 25, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38277896/a-calculation-approach-for-current-density-distribution-evolution-of-secondary-electrons-using-differential-algebra-method
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hangfeng Hu, Meishan Li, Jintao Hu, Fu Liu, Yongfeng Kang
In this study, the concept of the current density distribution (CDD) evolution of secondary electron (SE) beam is presented, and a novel approach using the differential algebra (DA) method is proposed to calculate the CDD evolution of the SE beam. Firstly, the emitted SE beam is divided into some beamlets in polar and azimuth angle directions. For each beamlet only one reference trajectory is traced using DA method. As a result, the transfer properties for this beamlet are obtained. Using the transfer properties, the current density function at arbitrary plane for the beamlet can be derived, in which the initial angle distribution, energy distribution and emission source size are considered...
January 18, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38241905/morphology-of-the-male-reproductive-system-and-spermatozoa-of-mahanarva-fimbriolata-st%C3%A3-l-1854-hemiptera-cercopidae-with-evidence-of-a-spermatostyle-in-the-sperm-conjugation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rômulo Fagundes Sodré, Luci Boa Nova Coelho, Paulo Henrique Rezende, Dayvson Ayala Costa, Glenda Dias, José Lino-Neto
Changes in harvesting methods in the early 1990s led to Mahanarva fimbriolata becoming the most prevalent pest in sugarcane plantations. Encouraged by the scarcity of research on the reproductive system and spermatology of Auchenorrhyncha, we provide a detailed description of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa of this cercopid. This will not only aid in taxonomic purposes but also help in understanding the reproductive biology of the species. The male reproductive system, spermatozoa, and sperm bundles of M...
January 9, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219536/uncovering-hidden-treasures-mapping-morphological-changes-in-the-differentiation-of-human-mesenchymal-stem-cells-to-osteoblasts-using-deep-learning
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faisal Quadri, Mano Govindaraj, Soja Soman, Niti M Dhutia, Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman
Deep Learning (DL) is becoming an increasingly popular technology being employed in life sciences research due to its ability to perform complex and time-consuming tasks with significantly greater speed, accuracy, and reproducibility than human researchers - allowing them to dedicate their time to more complex tasks. One potential application of DL is to analyze cell images taken by microscopes. Quantitative analysis of cell microscopy images remain a challenge - with manual cell characterization requiring excessive amounts of time and effort...
January 8, 2024: Micron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38185018/review-of-reinforcement-learning-applications-in-segmentation-chemotherapy-and-radiotherapy-of-cancer
#20
REVIEW
Rishi Khajuria, Abid Sarwar
Owing to early diagnosis and treatment of cancer as a prerequisite in recent times, the role of machine learning has been increased substantially. The mathematically powerful and optimized solutions for the detection and cure of cancer are constantly being explored and novel models based upon standard algorithms are also being developed. Leveraging one such solution is Reinforcement Learning (RL), which is a semi-supervised type of learning. The paper presents a detailed discussion on the various RL techniques, algorithms, and open issues, in addition to the review of literature for diagnosis and treatment of cancer...
December 25, 2023: Micron
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