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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sônia Elvira Dos Santos Marinho, Dulciane Nunes Paiva, Guacyra Magalhães Pires Bezerra, Thayse Neves Dos Santos Silva, Cláudia Regina Oliveira de Paiva Lima, Maria Cristina Falcão Raposo, Patrícia Érika de Melo Marinho
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) can be used in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF); however, verifying the best interface for its use needs to be evaluated in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario. To evaluate the behavior of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in patients with AHRF with and without COVID-19 undergoing NIV with the conventional orofacial mask and the adapted diving mask. This is a randomized clinical trial in which patients were allocated into four groups: Group 1: COVID-19 + adapted mask (n=12); Group 2: COVID-19 + conventional orofacial mask (n=12); Group 3: non-COVID + adapted mask (n= 2); and Group 4: non-COVID + conventional orofacial mask (n=12]...
May 24, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matteo Pernigo, Elisabetta Dinatolo, Marco Cirillo, Zean Mhagna, Alida Filippini, Fabiana Cozza, Marco Berti, Roberto Bazzani, Tony Sabatini, Claudio Cuccia, Giovanni Troise
An otherwise healthy 32-year-old woman suffered from finger ischemia. An echocardiogram and CT scan revealed a mobile mass in the left ventricle that was attached to the anterior papillary muscle and did not involve the valve leaflets. The tumor was resected and histopathology confirmed it to be a papillary fibroelastoma. Our case emphasizes the significance of a comprehensive diagnostic workup for a peripheral ischemic lesion. This resulted in the discovery of an unusual intra-ventricular origin for a commonly benign tumor...
May 24, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vinnie Sarah Ch Sangma, Surabhi Jaggi, Varinder Saini, Deepak Aggarwal, Pankaj Kumar, Jagdish Chander
Treatment of latent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in the household contacts of TB has been included in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) to achieve the target of TB elimination of Govt of India by 2025. However, there are no clear estimates of the prevalence of latent TB among the contacts that could suggest the impact of this intervention. The study was conducted to find the prevalence of and factors predicting latent TB among household contacts of pulmonary TB. All microbiological confirmed pulmonary TB patients registered between January 2020 to July 2021 and their household contacts were enrolled...
May 22, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pramod Chaudhari, Pawan Kumar Singh, Manjunath Govindagoudar, Vinod Sharma, Puneet Saxena, Aman Ahuja, Lokesh Lalwani, Dhruva Chaudhry
During and following the COVID-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a surge in high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) use. The ability to provide high oxygenation levels with remarkable comfort levels has been the grounds for the same. Despite the advantages, delay in intubation leading to poor overall outcomes has been noticed in subgroup of patients on HFOT. ROX index has been proposed to be a useful indicator to predict HFOT success. In this study, we have examined the utility of the ROX index prospectively in cases of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) due to infective etiologies...
May 16, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ricardo Alves Pinto, Catarina Amaral Marques, Tânia Proença, Miguel Martins Carvalho, Cristina Cruz, Filipe Macedo
Dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is a congenital heart disease (CHD) classically palliated with atrial switch (ATR-S) and nowadays corrected with arterial switch (ART-S). Our aim was to observe a group of D-TGA patients followed in an adult CHD Outpatient Clinic. We analyzed a group of D-TGA patients born between 1974 and 2001. Adverse events were defined as a composite of death, stroke, myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization, arrhythmia, and ventricular, baffle or significative valvular dysfunction...
May 16, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramadan M Nafae, Waheed Shouman, Salwa H Abdelmoneam, Samah M Shehata
The present study aimed to assess the effect of conservative (permissive hypoxaemia) versus conventional (normoxaemia) protocol for oxygen supplementation on outcome of type I respiratory failure patients admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit (ICU). This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out at Respiratory ICU, Chest Department, Zagazig University Hospital for 18 months, starting from July 2018. On admission, fifty-six enrolled patients with acute respiratory failure were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into the conventional group (oxygen therapy was supplied to maintain SpO2 between 94-97%) and the conservative group (oxygen therapy was administered to maintain SpO2 values between 88-92%)...
May 5, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Devika Tayal, Prabhpreet Sethi, Prerna Jain
Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is an effective measure to eradicate this infectious disease worldwide. Traditional methods for screening TB patients do not provide immediate diagnosis and thus delay treatment. There is an urgent need for early detection of TB through point-of-care test (POCT). Several POCTs are widely available at primary health care facilities which assist in TB screening. In addition to currently used POCT, advancement in technology has led to the discovery of newer methods that provide accurate and fast information independent of access to laboratory facilities...
April 28, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Segreti, Francesco Piccirillo, Simone Pasquale Crispino, Francesca Cocchia, Arianna Martucciello, Vito Calabrese, Fiorella Gurrieri, Francesco Grigioni
In the present article, we describe the case of a 21-year-old male presenting to the Emergency Department following a syncopal episode. Physical examination revealed a distinctive facial appearance in the context of an overgrowth syndrome. Also, an ajmaline test was performed because of the evidence of an incomplete right bundle branch block with ST-T segment elevation in the right precordial derivations, revealing a type-1 Brugada electrocardiographic pattern. Considering the high cardiovascular risk phenotype, the patient underwent subcutaneous cardiac defibrillator implantation...
April 27, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeynep Çınar, Eda Macit Aydın, Nurgul Naurzvai, Ayshan Mammadova, Sümeyye Kodalak, Aygül Abbasova, Gül Gürsel
Neurological problems (NP) are frequently connected with different critical illnesses in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and they may have an influence on ICU outcomes. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of NPs on ICU outcomes, especially in pulmonary ICU patients. his is a retrospective observational study comprising adult pulmonary critical care patients who were hospitalized between 2015 and 2019. Frequency of NPs at admission, their impact on mechanical ventilation (MV), ICU out comes, the rate of NP development during ICU stay, and risk factors for them were investigated...
April 19, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Gatta, Yama Haqzad, George Gradinariu, Pietro Giorgio Malvindi, Zubair Khalid, Rona L Suelo-Calanao, Nader Moawad, Aladdin Bashir, Luke J Rogers, Clinton Lloyd, Bao Nguyen, Karen Booth, Lu Wang, Nawwar Al-Attar, Neil McDowall, Stuart Watkins, Rana Sayeed, Saleh Baghdadi, Andrea D'Alessio, Maria Monteagudo-Vela, Jasmina Djordjevic, Matej Goricar, Solveig Hoppe, Charlotte Bocking, Azar Hussain, Betsy Evans, Salman Arif, Christopher Malkin, Mark Field, Kully Sandhu, Amer Harky, Ahmed Torky, Mauin Uddin, Muhammad Abdulhakeem, Ayman Kenawy, John Massey, Neil Cartwright, Nathan Tyson, Niki Nicou, Kamran Baig, Mark Jones, Firas Aljanadi, Colum G Owens, Tunde Oyebanji, Joseph Doyle, Mark S Spence, Paul F Brennan, Ganesh Manoharan, Taha Ramadan, Sunil Ohri, Mahmoud Loubani
This study sought to compare the morbidity and mortality of redo aortic valve replacement (redo-AVR) versus valve-in-valve trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (valve-in-valve TAVI) for patients with a failing bioprosthetic valve. A multicentre UK retrospective study of redo-AVR or valve-in-valve TAVI for patients referred for redo aortic valve intervention due to a degenerated aortic bioprosthesis. Propensity score matching was performed for confounding factors. From July 2005 to April 2021, 911 patients underwent redo-AVR and 411 patients valve-in-valve TAVI...
April 19, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olga Vriz, Talal Alzahrani, Irene Landi, Ali Hassan Mushtaq, Abdullah Shaik, Ahmed Nahid Elshaer
Age and sex differences in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) are still a matter of debate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, CV disease, in-hospital complications, and death within different sex-age groups. Using the National Inpatient Sample database between 2012 and 2016, 32,474 patients older than 18 years of age hospitalized with the primary diagnosis of TTS were identified. A total of 32.474 patients were enrolled, 27,611 (85.04%) were females. Cardiovascular risk factors were higher in females while CV diseases and in-hospital complications were significantly higher in males...
April 14, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shoaib Ahmad, Uzzam Ahmed Khawaja, Syed Meeran Haider, Wafaa Binti Mowlabaccus, Anmol Mohan, Asad Ansari, Muhammad Ahmad, Tulika Garg, Hafsa Ahmed, Shkaib Ahmad, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Javier Perez-Fernandez, George D Yatzkan
Tuberculosis (TB), at present, is the leading infectious aetiology of death globally. In Pakistan, there are approximately 510,000 new cases annually, with more than 15,000 of them developing into drug resistant TB, making the nation the fifth leading country in TB prevalence in the world. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, focus has drifted away from TB screening, diagnostic, health awareness campaigns and therapeutic measures endangering KAP (knowledge, attitude and practices) towards TB in our population...
April 12, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guido Levi, Marco Umberto Scaramozzino, Stefania Cavallo, Giuliano Castignini, Michela Bezzi, Laura Pini, Frank Nania, Sheenam Sheenam
SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs functional outcomes and quality of life, even in its mild-to-moderate form. It is therefore appropriate to draw attention to the role played by respiratory rehabilitation and physiotherapists in the pulmonary rehabilitation process that post-SARS-CoV-2 patients must undergo. We enrolled 80 patients in a prospective case-control study; 40 cases (mild-to-moderate post-SARS-CoV-2 infection patients) and 38 control subjects (i.e. patients affected by other respiratory diseases) completed a full pulmonary rehabilitation cycle...
April 4, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cardiovascular toxicity in breast cancer patients - contributors and role of cardioprotective drugs.
Miguel Martins Carvalho, Ricardo Alves Pinto, Tânia Proença, Inês Costa, Nuno Tavares, Mariana Paiva, Carla Sousa, Filipe Macedo
Breast cancer (BC) patients treated with anthracyclines and/or anti-HER2-targeted therapies (AHT) are highly associated with cardiovascular toxicity (CVT). Our objective was to evaluate the risk of CVT secondary to cancer treatment and the role of cardioprotective-drugs (CPD) in BC patients. We collected a retrospective cohort of females with BC treated with chemotherapy and/or AHT from 2017 to 2019. CVT was defined as LVEF<50% or decline ≥10% during follow-up. As CPD, we considered renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system inhibitors and beta-blockers...
March 28, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diletta Innocenti, Chiara Castellani, Eleonora Masi, Valeria Galici, Letizia Macconi, Giovanni Taccetti
Lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by reduced mucociliary clearance, airway plugging, recurrent infections and chronic pulmonary inflammation. Patients who are affected undergo daily respiratory physiotherapy to improve airway clearance. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is a technique used in clinical practice, but it is not commonly used in CF patients. Evidence in various respiratory pathologies, particularly in children, is still lacking. We present the case of an eleven-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis who did not respond to traditional respiratory physiotherapy techniques...
March 13, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Pasquale Crispino, Andrea Segreti, Ylenia La Porta, Paola Liporace, Myriam Carpenito, Valeria Cammalleri, Francesco Grigioni
A 55-year-old male affected by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and a history of a transient cerebrovascular accident was accepted to the Cardiology Department for worsening dyspnoea. A cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed after therapy optimization to further evaluate exercise intolerance. A rapid increase in VE/VCO2 slope, PETO2, and RER, with a concomitant decrease in PETCO2 and SpO2, were observed during the test. These findings indicate exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension leading to a right-to-left shunt...
March 7, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pratap Upadhya, Shivam Garg, Jeevanandham A, Nesamani Daniel Ponraj, Ahmed Wayez
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) occurs when any pulmonary vein, but not all, drains directly into the right atrium or its venous tributaries. PAPVC can very rarely present as an individual cause of pulmonary artery hypertension. Here we are presenting a case of a 41-year-old farmer with a history of exertional dyspnoea for the past three years, which increased over 6 months. Chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was suggestive of non-fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Hence the patient was started on systemic steroids, with which the patient's oxygen saturation improved...
March 3, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mamta Singh, Kunal Deokar, Bibhuti Prassn Sinha, Monika Keena, Govind Desai
Ocular involvement can be a comorbidity of several pulmonary disorders. A knowledge of these manifestations is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. Hence, we aimed to review the common ocular manifestations of Asthma, COPD, sarcoidosis, obstructive sleep apnea and lung cancer. The ocular manifestations of bronchial asthma include allergic keratoconjunctivitis and dry eye. The inhaled corticosteroids used in the management of asthma can lead to cataract formation. COPD is associated with ocular microvascular changes due to chronic hypoxia and spill over of systemic inflammation into the eyes...
March 3, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raj Kumar, Parul Mrigpuri, Rohit Sarin, Jitender Kumar Saini, Rashmi Yadav, Aditya Nagori, Sushil Kumar Kabra, Arpana Mukherjee, Geetika Yadav
Environmental pollution has harmful effects on human health, particularly the respiratory system. We aimed to study the impact of daily ambient air pollution on daily emergency room visits for acute respiratory symptoms. This study was conducted in two tertiary respiratory care centres in Delhi, India. Daily counts of emergency room visits were collected. All patients attending the emergency room were screened for acute onset (less than 2 weeks) of respiratory symptoms and were recruited if they were staying in Delhi continuously for at least 4 weeks and having onset (≤2 weeks) of respiratory symptoms...
February 23, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Natale, Riccardo Molinari, Simona Covino, Roberta Alfieri, Mirella Limatola, Lorenzo De Luca, Enrica Pezzullo, Andrea Izzo, Giovanni Cimmino
The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal asymptomatic disease. They progress silently with clinical complications that, when they occur, constitute a very serious event, frequently resulting in the patient's exitus. As a result, early detection and treatment are critical, because the right therapeutic strategy can halt the disease's natural progression. AAA is frequently discovered as an incidental finding during an abdominal ultrasound or a plain X-ray of the abdomen, which is required for other pathologies...
February 22, 2023: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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