Journal of Long-term Effects of Medical Implants

Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT), also known as talar osteochondritis dissecans, is minor fracture to the articular cartilage of the talas subchondral bone it is associated with. The literature regarding its impact on patient demographics on post-operative associations of OLT-related repairs is lacking. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was retrospectively reviewed, collecting data on patients with an OLT procedure between the 2008 through 2016. Univariate analysis was utilized to compare patient demographics, potential risk factors, comorbidities, hospital, and operative variables...

Hip fractures are a very common injury in the elderly population associated with an increased mortality rate. Currently, more and more elderly patients are diagnosed with dementia. Demented patients are more prone to falls and hip fractures compared to the general population because of conditions related to their disease such as instability, osteoporosis, poor muscle control and weakness. The coexistence of dementia and hip fractures is a difficult situation for both the patients and the treating physicians because of postoperative complications in this frail subgroup of patients and their inability to stand up and walk...

Implants play a very crucial role in modern era of medicine and address several needs in all the medical specialties. Both essential and nonessential metals released from implants at high concentrations can impair biological functions and result in toxicity involving multiple systems of the body. Furthermore, the toxicity information is typically based on exposure through dietary intake and/or occupational/environmental exposure but, since the in vivo implant environment and its composition is different or unknown, individual implants toxic effects needs to be elaborated...

BACKGROUND: When bone loss occurs around an implant, it can cause esthetic compromise, which might affect the tissue level design. Thus, bone level design implants are usually preferred if a natural emergence profile is important. The gingival biotype had been identified as a significant factor in the stability of crestal bone. AIM: The aim of the current study is to analyze the gingival biotype and crestal bone in implants placed in anterior maxilla. MATERIALS AND METHODS: retrospective study was conducted using the case records of patients in University Hospital...

Ankle fractures and pilon fractures are common injuries and can range in severity from low-energy rotational injuries to high-energy fractures of the articular surface. External fixation can be used in a staged treatment strategy to allow for a closed reduction and soft tissue rest before definitive internal fixation or as a definitive treatment method. We describe a technique that involves the use of novel polyaxial locking struts in conjunction with circular external fixation that can be used as a temporary form of external fixation or as definitive treatment of high-energy ankle and pilon fractures...

The intramedullary total femoral reconstruction (ITFR) was used successfully in a 62-year-old patient with myxoid liposarcoma of the thigh and post-radiation fracture nonunion of the proximal femur and osteonecrosis of the ipsilateral knee. This described technique offers the advantage of a less invasive prosthesis insertion, preservation of the surrounding muscle attachments, better functional outcomes, and lower complication rates. Total femoral reconstruction using ITFR, preserving the femoral diaphysis, could be an option to address concomitant hip and knee defects, especially in patients with poor soft tissue quality...

Ultrasound implementation for the facilitation of peripheral nerve blocks is well established. Ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus, femoral, fascia iliaca and supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment, pericapsular nerve group and quadratus lumborum nerve blocks have been employed for analgesia purposes in hip surgery. The combination of motor-sparing regional anesthesia strategies for optimal postoperative pain control with recovery protocols targeting to early and safe patients' mobilization constitute the current dogma of orthopedic surgery...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of hybrid fixation technique in aseptic condylar revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). A retrospective consecutive study of patients with minimal metaphyseal bone loss who underwent aseptic rTKA with press-fit cementless femoral stems and short cemented tibial stems. Primary outcome measure was mechanical failure. Surgical complications, reoperations and revision for any cause were collected and Knee society score at final follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate implant survivorship...

Although tuberculosis (TB) is considered to be a common disease confined to undeveloped or developing countries, it may also appear in countries that accept great migrant influx from endemic areas. In terms of the skeletal system, it can be involved in 1-6% of tuberculosis patients while the knee joint is the third most frequently affected site after spine and hip. Given that systemic symptoms are present in only one-third of patients with skeletal tuberculosis and secondary septic arthritis, TB is often indolent and diagnosis can hence be missed or delayed...

Few studies with long-term follow-up show evidence of implants placed late in vertically regenerated sites. This has not allowed for generalizing about the prognosis and outcome of implants in these conditions. The objective was to evaluate the available scientific literature on the behavior of late-placed dental implants in vertically regenerated sites on three primary clinical outcomes: survival rate, marginal bone loss, and complications. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE through Pubmed, Ebsco, Cochrane and Lilacs...

Trauma is a problem of global public health with economic, social and political extensions. It is constantly growing due to road accidents. The cost of hospitalization and the loss of working hours for those who managed to reach the hospital are huge for the national economy of each country. The purpose of the present study is to record the polytrauma patients of road accidents and to search for their economic cost. A total of 68 injured people were the study sample during the period 2014-2017. The study was conducted in a University hospital in Athens (Greece)...

This paper presents the design and simulation of an Interval type 2 fuzzy system (IT2FS) based, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) pacemaker controller in MATLAB. After designing the type 1 fuzzy logic model, the stability of the designed system has been verified in the time-domain (unit step response). In previous works, the type 1 (IT1FS) model step response was analyzed. They are compared with the other proportional integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy models that only least-square-estimation and the backpropagation algorithms are used for tuning membership functions (MF) and generation of type 1 fis (fuzzy inference system) file...

Pin site infections are the main complication of external fixators. The most common pathogens are Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. The incidence of pin site infections ranges from 2% to 30%. Until now, no satisfactory prevention strategy exists. Therefore, we performed this study to assess the effect of a sucralfate gel 25% applied around the pins of external fixation systems in trauma patients with open tibia fractures. We prospectively studied two groups of patients with open tibia fractures treated with external fixators...

Considering the widespread use of dental implants, a precise definition for peri-implant tissue health and an appropriate classification for peri-implant diseases are imperative for researchers and dental clinicians. However, absence of a unanimous definition and an efficient classification system has created controversies in the published reports regarding the epidemiology and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. Moreover, lack of a standard system for differentiation of different grades of peri-implantitis further complicates the interpretation of reports regarding the diagnosis prevalence, treatment, and outcome of such conditions, and highlights the need for a classification system based on the severity of disease...

The bovine artery is considered the most frequent aortic arch branching variation. Despite being considered a normal variation of the aortic arch branching, still it has been linked with various issues regarding the thoracic aorta. The aim of this study is to highlight the prevalence of bovine artery among specific vascular pathologies throughout the literature and to provide information to clinicians about the importance of identifying this variation. For this specific review, we acquired potentially relevant studies for inclusion from the electronic database of PubMed...

INTRODUCTION: Masseter muscle is considered to consist of two layers: the superficial and the deep parts. However, in the literature a few cases have been reported of a third layer of the masseter muscle, which is called the coronoid part. The aim of this study is to present such a rare case of the coronoid part of the masseter muscle. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, a case report is presented and enhanced by searching the existing literature in PubMed for other similar cases that recorded the coronoid part of the masseter muscle...

The aim of the present study is to compare the periodontal health and marginal bone loss (MBL) between single-crown dental implants placed interdentally and mesial to the edentulous space. Patients treated with single-crown dental implants between 01/04/2014 and 01/04/2021 were included in the study. The included patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of single implant crowns inserted interdentally with a distal neighboring mandibular second molar and Group 2 consisted of single molar implant crowns inserted distally to the second premolar tooth without a neighboring second molar...

AIM: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare, among various implant systems, the influence of primary stability and the bone density and soft tissue biotype of the patient on the amount of peri-implant crestal bone loss after 1 year using radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Included in this retrospective study were patient records of 3583 implant placements utilized from an online dental information archiving software (DIAS). Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted concurrently with implant placement (baseline) and 1 year post surgery...

One of the standard treatments for spinal diseases is anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). ACDF is a secure and successful operation that prevents patients to improve their pain and function. The mechanical goal of the ACDF is to prevent motion between adjoining vertebrae by a novel cage-screw implant. The objective of this study is to analyze the biomechanical flexibility in terms of the range of motion (ROM) of two-level ACDF fixation using the finite element method (FEM). A CT scan-based FEM model of the cervical spine (C2-C7) is used and two-level cage is implanted at C4-C6 segments...

Vestibular dysfunction (VD) is an experience that is shared by nearly 35% of Americans above the age of 40 (nearly 69 million). This percentage increases to 80% when looking at the population of individuals over the age of 80. VD can have tremendously negative health outcomes for patients. Improper vestibular function can result in a loss of balance and patients often cite vertigo as a common symptom, which is often associated with dramatically reduced quality of life. Falls are another common clinically significant outcome of VD and place a huge social and financial burden on the patient and healthcare system...