European Journal of Ophthalmology

PURPOSE: To report the surgical outcomes of 4-handed endoscopic and transcaruncular approaches for orbital apex tumours located in the medial orbit. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included 6 patients (2 males and 4 females; 3 right and 3 left; mean age, 49.5 years; age range, 38-60 years) who underwent excision of an orbital apex tumour in the medial orbit via 4-handed endonasal and transcaruncular approaches. Data on age, sex, affected side, surgical record and complications, and results of pathological examinations, imaging studies, and ophthalmologic examinations were collected...

PURPOSE: To determine the sensitive indices distinguishing forme-fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and early keratoconus (early KC) from thin normal corneas, and their cutoff values using Sirius topography. METHODS: 156 eyes with normal thin corneas < 500 um (group 1), 99 eyes with early KC (group 2) and 41 eyes with FFKC (group 3), were assessed retrospectively for: corneal keratometric indices, pachymetry indices, corneal aberrations, elevation indices; thinnest corneal point elevation, Q value, root mean square (RMS) withRMS/ area (RMS/A); and KC summary indices of front and back surfaces; surface asymmetry index (SIf, SIb), elevation at KC vertex (KVf, KVb), Baiocchi-Calossi-Versaci index (BCVf, BCVb) and summation of its vector (BCV)...

INTRODUCTION: To describe a novel surgical approach in the management of subluxated cataracts. METHODS: A 70-year-old Caucasian male with a subluxated cataract in the left eye was referred to our clinic at the Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna- Ophthalmology Unit. The ophthalmic examination revealed a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/200 in the left eye with monocular diplopia and a severely subluxated NO6/NC6 cataract and the fundus examination did not reveal any vitreoretinal abnormalities...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the viability and precision of measuring the distance from the limbus to extraocular muscle insertion using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and panoramic ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) before and after strabismus surgery. METHODS: We recruited primary strabismus patients and measured the limbus-insertion distance by AS-OCT and UBM preoperatively, 2 weeks, and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Values were also measured using callipers intraoperatively before and after the planned procedures...

PURPOSE: To describe the retinal vascular changes in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to compare them with changes in macular thickness. METHODS: In this multicenter study, patients with a diagnosis of BSCR and a positive HLA-A29 underwent fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and OCTA. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the area of capillary non-perfusion were manually measured by two examiners in fluorescein angiography (FA) and 3 × 3-mm OCTA images of the superficial retinal layer...

INTRODUCTION: Panuveitis is a serious inflammatory disease. Setae are fibers produced by many insects and plants. Many case reports have described caterpillar and spider fibers entering the eye. These hairs are covered with tiny barbs that help them enter and migrate into the eye tissue, leading to severe inflammation. Normally, they are buried mainly in the conjunctiva and cornea. However, in the present case, they entered the posterior segment of the eye, which is very rare. CASE DESCRIPTION: A female patient presented with a complaint of repeated foreign body sensation, redness, pain, and photophobia in the left eye for 9 years following initial exposure to caterpillars...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: To recognize prognostic factors for better final visual acuity (VA) in patients presenting with submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration . METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who presented to a tertiary ophthalmology department between 2012 and 2019 with SMH and were treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) with pneumatic displacement. Baseline characteristics included demographic data, VA and optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics of the SMH...

PURPOSE: Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex is an uncommon retinal lesion of idiopathic origin characteristically described as an isolated, aneurysmal lesion of the perifoveal region. We report an unusual presentation of an exudative vascular anomalous complex-like lesion affecting the peripapillary area. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 69-year-old diabetic woman presented with blurred vision in her left eye for two months. Fundus examination of the left eye showed a small, reddish-orange lesion just supratemporal to the optic disc with perifoveal hard exudates and retinal thickening...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the illuminated chopper-assisted cataract surgery in terms of shortening the surgical time in eyes with miosis after femtosecond laser pretreatment. METHODS: As retrospective study, three hundred thirty-six eyes of 336 consecutive patients who underwent the femtosecond laser and illuminated chopper-assisted cataract surgery were included. Cases with pupil less than 6 mm after femtosecond laser pretreatment were included in the miosis group...

PURPOSE: To study the use of ultra-thick human amniotic membrane for management anophthalmic socket contracture. METHODS: A prospective study done at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Thirty-six patients (45 eyelids) were involved. Contracted socket caused by trauma, previous surgery or radiotherapy, delay in use of prosthesis, Congenital Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia, and Anophthalmia secondary to Enucleation/Evisceration were included in the study...

PURPOSE: To define the management of patients undergoing cataract surgery. SETTING: Panel of experts on cataract surgery and members of the Italian Association of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (AICCER) participated in the Delphi study. DESIGN: A restricted panel of experts defined the statements concerning the topic and identified a larger panel of experts who voted the statements. The statements concerned a series of practical issues concerning the management of patients undergoing cataract surgery...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the surgery of intracorneal ring segment implantation with 320° of arc (320-ICRS) in patients with advanced keratoconus stage IV and maximum keratometry (Kmax) above 60 D. METHODS: A prospective, interventional case series study evaluating 25 eyes of 19 patients with keratoconus stage IV and Kmax > 60D in which 320-ICRS were implanted using VisuMax® femtosecond. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), keratometric values (mean - mean-K, flat - K1, and steep - K2), maximum keratometry (Kmax), tomographic astigmatism, refractive astigmatism and asphericity (Q) were assessed preoperatively and at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure...

PURPOSE: Various surgical techniques have been described for managing persistent macular holes after an unsuccessful vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. However, the closure and functional improvement rates after these procedures are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of radial retinal incisions (retinotomies) in eyes with persistent large macula holes despite previous vitrectomy with ILM peeling. DESIGN: In a retrospective case series, closure rate and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated in eyes with persistent macular holes after an unsuccessful vitrectomy that included posterior vitreous detachment and ILM peeling...

PURPOSE: To report medium-term visual acuity and refractive outcomes of patients with pseudoexfoliation implanted with toric or multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients with pseudoexfoliation who had undergone phacoemulsification between 2016 and 2020 with at least 24 months follow-up. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 44.17 ± 14.95 months. Toric IOLs were implanted in 48 eyes: mean uncorrected LogMAR visual acuity one month after surgery was 0...

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of two different topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) drops with versus without conservatives after intravitreal injections (IVIs). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded comparative study. PARTICIPANTS AND METHOD: A total of 308 eyes of 252 patients receiving an IVI of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) were randomly assigned to receive either a single drop of nepafenac 0...

PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the neurodevelopment of patients who received intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and aggressive ROP (A-ROP) using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) test. METHODS: Patients who underwent IVB (group 1), IVA (group 2), and patients who did not receive treatment (group 3) were included in the prospective-controlled study. The patients were grouped as low-intermediate-high risk according to the high-risk infant follow-up guide...

PURPOSE: To investigate the characteristics of electronic device users, specifically smartphones and tablets, in the Device & Aids Register (D.A.Re), from several low-vision rehabilitation services in Italy. METHODS: We collected general and clinical information about ocular and systemic diseases, visual function, reading speed and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaire score. Technological details of each optical and electronic device, (including screen size, touch-screen and OCR functions, text-to-speech function) were also collected...

PUROPSE: Aqueous misdirection syndrome (AMS) is an aggressive post-operative glaucoma unresponsive to conventional measures with grave outcomes. In this report, we describe a rare case of AMS following silicon oil removal in a vitrectomized eye. METHODS: A diabetic patient with tractional retinal detachment underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicon oil injection. Following retinal reattachment, silicon oil removal was performed at three months. Post oil removal she developed increased intraocular pressure with shallowing of both the peripheral and central anterior chamber suggestive of AMS...

INTRODUCTION: Automated assessment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) has gained significant research attention in recent years. Though a list of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods has been proposed recently, methods that uncover the decision-making process of CNNs or critically interpret CNNs' decisions in the context are scant. This study aims to bridge this research gap. METHODS: We independently trained several state-of-the-art CNN models, namely, VGG16, VGG19, Xception, ResNet50, InceptionResNetV2 for AMD detection and applied CNN visualization techniques, namely, Grad-CAM, Grad-CAM++, Score CAM, Faster Score CAM to highlight the regions of interest utilized by the CNNs in the context...