Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of critical illness and carries a significant risk of short- and long-term mortality. The prediction of the progression of AKI to long-term injury has been difficult for renal disease treatment. Radiologists are keen for the early detection of transition from AKI to long-term kidney injury, which would help in the preventive measures. The lack of established methods for early detection of long-term kidney injury underscores the pressing needs of advanced imaging technology that reveals microscopic tissue alterations during the progression of AKI...

BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been considered for chronic liver disease (CLD) characterization. Grading of liver fibrosis is important for disease management. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between DWI's parameters and CLD-related features (particularly regarding fibrosis assessment). STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. SUBJECTS: Eighty-five patients with CLD (age: 47.9 ± 15.5, 42...

Renal diseases pose a significant socio-economic burden on healthcare systems. The development of better diagnostics and prognostics is well-recognized as a key strategy to resolve these challenges. Central to these developments are MRI biomarkers, due to their potential for monitoring of early pathophysiological changes, renal disease progression or treatment effects. The surge in renal MRI involves major cross-domain initiatives, large clinical studies, and educational programs. In parallel with these translational efforts, the need for greater (patho)physiological specificity remains, to enable engagement with clinical nephrologists and increase the associated health impact...

BACKGROUND: A noninvasive and reliable approach to quantitatively measure muscle perfusion of lower extremity is needed to aid the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD). PURPOSE: To verify the reproductivity of using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging to evaluate perfusion in lower extremities, and explore its correlation with walking performance in patients with PAD. STUDY TYPE: Prospective observational study...

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BACKGROUND: It is uncertain how various degree of glycemic status affect left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship of glycemic status and myocardial strain in STEMI patients. STUDY TYPE: Prospective cohort study. POPULATION: 282 STEMI patients with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging 5 ± 2 days post-PPCI...

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic performance of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) by prenatal MRI is unsatisfactory. Deep learning radiomics (DLR) has the potential to quantify the MRI features of PAS. PURPOSE: To explore whether DLR from MRI can be used to identify pregnancies with PAS. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. POPULATION: 324 pregnant women (mean age, 33.3 years) suspected PAS (170 training and 72 validation from institution 1, 82 external validation from institution 2) with clinicopathologically proved PAS (206 PAS, 118 non-PAS)...

BACKGROUND: The delineation of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is crucial for subsequent treatment planning. Manual segmentation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Applying deep learning to automatically detect and segment bAVM might help to improve clinical practice efficiency. PURPOSE: To develop an approach for detecting bAVM and segmenting its nidus on Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography using deep learning methods. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective...

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer treatment response evaluation using the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) guidelines, based on tumor volume changes, has limitations, prompting interest in novel imaging markers for accurate therapeutic effect determination. PURPOSE: To use MRI-measured cell size as a new imaging biomarker for assessing chemotherapy response in breast cancer. STUDY TYPE: Longitudinal; animal model. STUDY POPULATION: Triple-negative human breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) pellets (4 groups, n = 7) treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 10 nM of paclitaxel for 24, 48, and 96 hours, and 29 mice with MDA-MB-231 tumors in right hind limbs treated with paclitaxel (n = 16) or DMSO (n = 13) twice weekly for 3 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC, and accurate grading is crucial for prognosis and treatment selection. Biopsy is the reference standard for grading, but MRI methods can improve and complement the grading procedure. PURPOSE: Assess the performance of diffusion relaxation correlation spectroscopic imaging (DR-CSI) in grading ccRCC. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. SUBJECTS: 79 patients (age: 58...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic stiffness and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) are potential imaging biomarkers for pancreatic fibrosis. Clinically relevant postoperative fistula (CR-POPF) is one of the most severe complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Which imaging biomarker performs better for predicting the risk of CR-POPF remains unknown. PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ECV and tomoelastography-derived pancreatic stiffness for predicting the risk of CR-POPF in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Diffusion magnetic resonsance imaging (dMRI) can potentially predict the postoperative outcome of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). PURPOSE: To explore preoperative dMRI parameters to predict the postoperative outcome of CSM through multifactor correlation analysis. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. POPULATION: Post-surgery CSM patients; 102 total, 73 male (52.42 ± 10.60 years old) and 29 female (52...

BACKGROUND: Vertical run-length nonuniformity (VRLN) is a texture feature representing heterogeneity within native T1 images and reflects the extent of cardiac fibrosis. In uremic cardiomyopathy, interstitial fibrosis was the major histological alteration. The prognostic value of VRLN in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains unclear. PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic value of VRLN MRI in patients with ESRD. STUDY TYPE: Prospective...

BACKGROUND: Radiomics has been applied for assessing lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in patients with breast cancer. However, associations between features from peritumoral regions and the LVI status were not investigated. PURPOSE: To investigate the value of intra- and peritumoral radiomics for assessing LVI, and to develop a nomogram to assist in making treatment decisions. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. POPULATION: Three hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled from two centers and divided into training (N = 165), internal validation (N = 83), and external validation (N = 68) cohorts...

BACKGROUND: Double expression lymphoma (DEL) is a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) that often has a poor prognosis. Currently, there are limited noninvasive ways to detect protein expression. PURPOSE: To detect DEL in PCNSL using multiparametric MRI-based machine learning. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. POPULATION: Forty PCNSL patients were enrolled in the study among whom 17 were DEL (9 males and 8 females, 61...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stromal disposition is thought to influence chemotherapy efficacy and increase tissue stiffness, which could be quantified noninvasively via MR elastography (MRE). Current methods cause position-based errors in pancreas location over time, hampering accuracy. It would be beneficial to have a single breath-hold acquisition. PURPOSE: To develop and test a single breath-hold three-dimensional MRE technique utilizing prospective undersampling and a compressed sensing reconstruction (CS-MRE)...